中美护士联合互助会

祝愿大家心想事成

2008-08-10T13:24:00.000-07:00

祝愿大家心想事成,能和自己心爱的人在一起,在美国有一个幸福的家!

有事请留言 ^o^

加州做护士

2008-08-03T08:39:00.000-07:00

我在美国加里福尼亚州做护士(转贴)
作者---CANurse

我不知道我的经历是不是有代表性, 只是跟大家讲一下我的经历.

我是拿B1签证到美国的,因为我之前在国内有考过TOFEL，所以我到了美国以后直接申请了社区大学. 本来是想学会计的, 因为我在国内也是学过经济的.

可是随着我在美国的时间长了,我发觉在美国得到绿卡是最重要的. 我当时还算幸运,由B1（商业考察）转到了F1学生身份, 可是学费很贵.

大约我念大学一年以后,听同学讲说学RN可以解决身份问题,所以也没多想就自己转了专业.

之后我一切都很顺利,前后大约花了三年半时间我由大学的护理专业毕业,拿的大概相当于国内的大专学历. 可是在美国当RN你是什么学历也不是那么重要,至少目前是这样的.

我去年毕业后,复习了大概有一个多月的时间,去考了NCLEX-RN,一次也就过了.因为我是在美国念的书,所以也不觉得RN的考试多难,好像还没有我在学校被老师考的难.

我毕业之前就已经自己做了很多网上的RESEARCH,大概的移民程序我也就知道了. 后来也就找了一家中国人比较多的医院,虽说工资不是特别好,可是也将就了, 医院对我办移民的事情也算挺支持的,一直都是一个合作的态度. 现在我还在等绿卡, 可能还得一年的时间, 不过因为也不妨碍我赚钱,也只有等了.

我想因为我在国内从来也没做过护士,也从来没想过会来美国当护士. 所以也不知道我的经历能否给国内的护士任何的帮助, 只是说出来大家听一下, 好像听别人的故事.

但是我觉得,移民的事情还是要自己多参与, 才能有主动权. 不要太被动,因为不论律师还是中介都是一样的. 答应的都很好,可是万一出了事,不顺利,他们是不是能愿意帮助解决,或是是否有能力来解决, 都是很难讲的. 所以不要把自己的命运交在别人的手上.

如果你要在美国做RN 的工作, 你一定要通过你所在州的执照考试. NCLEX-RN. 即使你通过了CG的考试,当你踏到了美国的本土,也一定要考所在州的执照考试.

TOFEL 和TSE 是为了移民. 当你通过了NCLEX-RN, 并且找到了雇主,那医院就会帮你来申请移民.医院只是给你PETITION, 你要自己找律师来交所有的移民文件和费用. 美国的移民局有规定,所有外国出生的护士,即使你是在英语国家受的教育, 也需要有VISASCREEN才能得到绿卡.

而要得到VISASCREEN你需要把你的学历证明,执照证明,还有英语能力证明提供给CGFNS, 那英语据我知道包括TOEFL 540分和TSE50分. TOFEL 并不是很难,可是TSE 就没那么容易. 如果你的护士教育是在英语国家受的,那就不需要英语能力证明.

以前,VISASCREEN只有在最后的移民程序,也就是绿卡面谈的时候,出具给移民官就可以了. 但是从2003年九月份开始,移民局规定在提交移民申请的时候就要有VISASCREEN.但是因为是新的规定执行的程度就不得而知了.

如果你能够以其他的签证来到美国,并且符合NCLEX-RN 的考试条件,并且通过考试.你完全不需要再回国, 一定有医院会请你并帮你申请. 至少在洛杉矶是这样的. 我从来没听说过考到美国RN执照还不能找到工作,还要回国的！

如果你在美国得到了你的RN 执照,当你找工作的时候,你要直接问你的雇主会不会为你申请.大多数的公立医院是不帮你申请的.
有一些私立医院会,但是要问清楚. 医院不会帮你付费用,你要自己付, 找律师大概在三到四千美金,给移民局的费用大概有七八百块吧.

VISASCREEN非常重要,很多人都没有注意到. 我猜你可以在CGFNS.ORG找到相关的解释. 没有VISASCREEN也就不会有绿卡.

以我的经验,虽说是比较肤浅的经验,我觉得在国内受教育的护士到美国工作的最大的不足就是语言问题.因为RN的工作范围真的是太大了,需要同所有的人联络,英文是必须的.当别人听不懂你的讲话的时候,他会怀疑你的能力. 当你听不懂别人的话的时候,由其是医生的医遗的时候可能会出大错.

还有一点就是我觉得国内的护士因为对美国社会的了解程度有限, 对一些同法律相关的事情是缺乏警惕.因为美国人太喜欢打官司了,RN被牵扯到官司中的比率是很大的,由其是在洋人比较多的社区. 所以当我一上护理学校的时候,老师就同我们讲CYA--COVER YOUR ACTIONS OR COVER YOUR ASS. 在写病历的时候要很小心,知道什么该写什么不该写,因为天知道什么时候你的病历会被用在法庭上. 还有对病人要比较NICE,要不他告你那么一下,无论是你的老板还是你去法院也就不那么值得了。

只要是在美国读的护理专业,毕业并且通过所在州的护照考试,找到雇主,那一定可以直接申请绿卡的 ,不需要其他任何的过程，也不需要申请H1. 因为H1每一年有名额限制,并且申请人要有本科以上的学历,社区学院的大专学历并不符合学历要求.
护士在目前的美国移民中占有很大的优势.对于一般的职业移民,首先需要劳工部的批准,大概要不两年的时间,而且有很多的条件.
可是因为目前美国的护士荒,RN不需要经过劳工部,就可以直接向移民局申请绿卡.
程序大概是这样：只要你有美国RN执照, 找到雇主, 就由雇主帮你来申请I140。

根据2002年7月的最新规定, 在申请I140的同时,可以申请I485--绿卡, 工卡还有AP--可以用来返回美国. 现在大概要六个月到八个月的时间, I140才会批准, 但是在提出I140和工卡申请3个月以后,申请人可以拿RN执照到当地的移民局办公定要求临时工卡--大概可以用十个月.
当I140批准以后, AP也就批下来了.之后就等绿卡的排期了.
所以如果你人在美国,并且护理毕业,考到了RN执照,不要回国,也不需要回国.

如果有办法来美国那就先来, 考到执照,先工作先赚钱再说. 虽说现在RN移民挺容易的,可是谁知道什么时候会有变化. 美国的移民政策越来越紧.

在美国大专学历的RN 和本科学历的RN在收入和工作范围上并没有区别. 因为美国并不完全是以学历来衡量. 本科和大专毕业的护士当你最开始参加工作的时候,薪水是一样的. 一般来讲只看你的工作经验. 当然如果你的学历高对以后的发展是有好处的,以后有希望可以不用在BEDSIDE工作,因为毕竟BEDSIDE的工作很辛苦. 可是,作为我们外国人,在别人的国家如果要爬到那么高的地位可能性也并不大.我们的英文能力还有经历都是有限的. 如果在美国的社区学院护士专业毕业,那么只需要一年到一年半的时间就可以在大学拿到本科学历. 因为大多数人都是一边工作一边读书. 总而言之在美国做RN 本科还是专科并不是那么重要的, 收入也没有区别, 只是在于以后的发展.

护士目前的移民程序是蛮特别的, 你所需要的只是RN执照, 英文能力证明,雇主,还有绿卡面谈时候的VISASCREEN.

但是在美国境外的护士如何申请还有关于工作经验的限制我是不太清楚. 但是我有一次同我的老板聊天的时候,她说她不太喜欢请人在国外的护士,因为她没有办法来判断申请者英文能力. 所以我建议如果国内护士想要自己联系国外的雇主的话, 最好多表现一下英文能力.

还有我在洛杉矶念书的学校就是东洛杉矶学院,EAST LOS ANGELES COLLEGE, 不知国内的招生广告的英文学校名称是怎样写的. 我们的公办的社区大学,学区里大概有九所大学, 其中有三、四所有护理课程.

但是问题是你能否拿到来美国的学生签证. 因为签证官看到你要念RN的话,或许会怀疑你有移民倾向, 每个人都知道现在RN移民容易, 所以还是慎重考虑.

另外如果你以前有相关的教育背景我不知道你在国内拿的学分可不可以转来美国. 另外如果你没有相关的背景那你要拿所有的预备课,大概也要二年的时间--根据你的英文能力, 才能申请进入护理系. 因为预备课程中的英文要达到社区大学的最高级ENGLISH 101--也就是你要能写七到八页的英文作文.

有关东洛杉矶学院的情况你可以上网WWW.LACCD.EDU去查询.

英语要求和参加补习班的州

2008-08-01T10:00:00.001-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-38950.html

护士面试常见问题

2008-08-01T09:58:00.001-07:00

转贴转贴

护士interview常见问题

Questions employers often ask:

技巧：多走几家医院，特想去的医院最后面试，积累一点经验再上。
电话面试注意发音，不要紧张。

1. Why did you choose nursing?
2. Why do you want to work for us?
3. What courses did you like best/least? Why?
4. What qualities do you have that will benefit this organization?5. Where do you see yourself five years from now?
6. How long do you expect to work for us?
7. What area would you prefer to work?8. How do you feel about shift work?
9. What have you done that shows initiative?
10. How do you feel about taking orders from another person?
11. What type of person do you find difficult to get along with?
12. What is your personal philosophy of nursing?
13. What do you see as your strengths and weaknesses?
Questions students may want to ask:

1. Is management centralized or decentralized?
2. What is the role of the director of nursing?
3. What is the size of the unit?
4. What’s the ratio of patients to nurses from shift to shift?
5. What’s the ratio of RNs to LPNs and nursing assistants?
6. What are the roles of the LPNs and nursing assistants?
7. How much clerical and housekeeping help is available?
8. What support services (IV team, code team, EKG techs, and so forth)
are available?
9. What does orientation include and how long does it last?
10. Will I receive full salary during orientation?
11. Where are new graduates usually assigned?
12. How would you describe your nursing philosophy?
13. How much individual responsibility and autonomy do nurses have on
nursing procedures?
14. What type of care delivery system do you use--team, primary, modular,
or case management? On all shifts?
15. Do nurses have 8, 10, 12, or 24 hour accountability?
16. Is there financial compensation available for the NCLEX application,
or NCLEX review course?
17. What is the procedure for transferring from one unit or shift to
another?
18. How will my performance be evaluated? By whom? How often?
19. Is there a career ladder? What is the pay difference at each step?
20. Do you often promote from within?
21. Do you pay extra for specialty certification and education?
22. Is certification recommended or required for advancement?
23. What inservice programs are available?
24. Is there a nursing library?
25. How can I earn CEUs here?
26. How much time off is allowed for workshops, seminars, and meetings?
27. Do you offer tuition reimbursement for job-related study?
28. What is the schedule of a normal work week?
29. How often is rotation required?
30. How often are nurses expected to float?
31. How often is overtime necessary?
32. How many week-ends a month do most nurses work?
33. Is there a contract of employment? May I read it?
34. What measures are taken when a unit is short-staffed?
35. Is staff parking available? A cafeteria? Child-care facilities?Staff
health services?
36. Do you give cost-of-living increases?
37. Can vacation days be accumulated from year to year?
38. Can unused sick leave be added to vacation time?
39. How much of a discount do I receive on medications and inpatient care?
40. Is malpractice coverage provided?
41. Is the hospital accessible by public transportation?

BEHAVIORAL INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Behavioral interviewing is based on the notion that the best predictor of
future performance is past performance in similar situations. The
interviewer will identify the skills necessary for the particular job
opening and then ask you to give examples of when you used those skills in
previous work situations. Open ended questions are often asked to give you
the opportunity to describe your experience.
Tips for Answering Behavioral Questions:

* Employers expect your responses to be specific and detailed. Answer
using specific anecdotes and examples.
* The interviewer is interested in what your thoughts were at the time
and what your decision-making process was.
* If you are not sure what the employer is asking, restate the question
or ask for clarification. (Can you be more specific? I am not sure what you
are asking for.) In such a circumstance, you may ask if that is what the
interviewer was looking for and if your response answered the question
adequately.
* Prepare ahead of time by reviewing your own resume. Often interviewers
will pull some detail from your resume and ask you to describe a particular
situation. If you put experience or events in your resume or cover letter,
be prepared to discuss them in detail.
* Develop short (1-3 minute) stories that highlight the skills you
possess. Draw upon examples from work or volunteer experiences, academic
projects/situations, etc., in order to describe your skills.
* You may find one story fits a variety of different questions. Don’t
overuse an example, but it is all right to reuse one if a different skill
can be highlighted.
* If your answers include any negatives, make sure to explain what you
learned from the experience and how you have been able to change that
behavior or response.
* If asked a question about which you have no experience to recount,
tell the interviewer just that. Don’t make up an example to fit a situation
. You are not expected to have experienced every possible scenario. You
might consider what you HOPE you would do in such a situation.

Below are some examples of situations on which Behavioral Questions might be
based:

Tell me about the time when you…

Provide an example of when you…

Describe a time when you…

* Were disappointed in your performance
* Made a major sacrifice to achieve an important goal
* Worked effectively under a great deal of pressure or stress
* Were really bothered by the actions of another coworker
* Were especially creative in solving a problem
* Organized or planned an event that was very successful
* Had to deal with a personality conflict with a boss or coworker
* Felt really good about a decision you made and the process you went
through
* Used facts and reason to persuade someone to accept your
recommendation
* Utilized your leadership ability to gain support for what initially
had strong opposition
* Were able to build team spirit in a time of low morale
* Were able to gain commitment from others to really work well as a team
* Were particularly perceptive regarding a person’s or group’s
feelings and needs
* Built rapport quickly with someone under difficult conditions
* Were particularly effective on prioritizing tasks and completing a
project on schedule
* Were highly motivated and your example inspired others
* Found it necessary to tactfully but forcefully say things that others
did not want to hear
* Were particularly effective in a talk you gave or presentation you
taught
* Had to make a decision you knew would be unpopular
* Made a mistake and learned from it; failed at something and had to
deal with it
* Made an intentional effort to get to know someone from another culture
* Set an important goal and were successful in reaching it
* Were able to successfully communicate with another person, even when
that individual may not have personally liked you
* Conformed to a policy with which you did not agree
* Had to deal with an irate customer
* Made a poor decision
* Surmounted a major obstacle
* Had to adapt to a new or different situation

One useful strategy for responding to behavioral questions is to use the “
STAR” technique:

* Situation or Task: Describe the situation that you were in or the task
you needed to accomplish. You must describe a specific event or situation,
not a generalized description of what you had done in the past. Be sure to
give enough detail for the interviewer to understand. This situation might
be from a previous job, from a volunteer experience, or any relevant event.
* Action you took: Describe the action you took and be sure to keep the
focus on you. Even if you are dis-cussing a group project or effort,
describe what you did/the impact you had, not the efforts of the team.
Emphasize what you did, as opposed to what you might have done, although the
interviewer might want to pursue that thread too.
* Results: What happened? How did the event or activity conclude? What
did you accomplish? What did you learn?

卫生部医学视听教材

2008-08-01T09:57:00.001-07:00

http://lib.verycd.com/2006/03/23/0000095540.html

http://lib.verycd.com/2005/10/05/0000068033.html

路人整理的精神科疾病药物

2008-08-01T09:56:00.001-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-38040-fpage-2.html

CG 真题回忆--药物

2008-08-01T09:53:00.000-07:00

CG 真题回忆--转帖
药物题有好多：

1。cocaine 中毒时的症状: tachycadia, chest pain

2.fosamax 用药后要upright 30 分钟

3。lithium 用药要监测hydration and sodium

4, clozarpine 用药后的副作用，wbc 减少

5。thyophylin 的副作用，不记得了

6。sucralfate 用于治疗十二指肠溃疡的原因，

7。propranolol 的副作用

8。captopril 的副作用

9。verapamil 的作用机理：钙离子阻断剂

10 ，有关于补钾和速尿的一条

11 脑部受伤后，用mannito的目的

12 甲状腺切除后，使用甲状腺素的副作用

13 判断小儿digoxin中毒的症状

14 warfarin 用药后，病人出现月经周期延长，应先做什么？

15 一个有溃疡的风湿性关节炎病人，不能用哪种药？有三个是NSAIDs 还有一个别的

16 使用头孢类药物前要问有无青霉素过敏，这个知识点考了2题

17 ciprofloxacin 的副作用

18 有慢性肝脏移植病人要用什么药物

19 小孩服用过量药物后，目前没有症状，父母打电话咨旬要怎么办？

20 一个AIDS的病人，在使用抗病毒要是应监测什么？

21 使用cyclophosphamide 应该注意什么？

22 自己注射heparin 时要注意什么？

22 口服铁剂的注意事项

23 一个有青春痘的病人使用accutane 2周后没有效果，护士应怎样多病人进行指导

24 使用多种高血压药物时不能和哪种药一起使用？A mino infection B 感冒药 C 止痒的药 D 不记得了

药物应该有30 题以上吧，还有想不起来了

1。补钾的食物，选项都是些不常见的，所以不记得了，关于水电解质的题比较少

2。有个给出几个数值，PH 7.32 ，PCO2 50 ， PaO2 88， CO3 26 ，判断为呼酸，指导病人采取什么呼吸

3。测HbA1c 前要告知病人准备什么？选项由A 禁食8小时， B 禁烟 C 。。。。。

4。一个diverticulosis 的病人饮食指导

5，一点化疗药物不小心溅到了护士手臂上，护士应该怎么办？

6。老年病人，家里安全措施

7。老年人正常生理改变，有3个错的，1个对的

8。一个AIDS 在家时，应注意什么，这体本来没什么。但是没考常规的传播途径

9。小孩有SCRABY ，父母应注意什么？

10 一个肠道感染的病人，在没有单间病房时，护士应该把他和谁放在一起

11 一个小号心肺复苏失败后，护士下一步要做什么？

12 胸腔闭式引流时，没有水柱拨动了，护士应改怎么做？

13 gonorrhea的特征

14 PIH 的特征

15 一个cervical cerclage 病人临产前2周要做什么？

16 胎膜早破的病人，要检测什么？

17 结核病人在用药期间，应被告知什么？考得是什么时候没有传染性？

18 降结肠造瘘口的位置

19 APGAR P评分

20 小孩11个月的生命体征

21 一个8年ventriculoperitoneal shun 失败的表现

22 防止小孩abduction,对母亲的指导

23 epiglotitis 的体位

24 RSV 的隔离措施

25 CHF 的用药选择，有三个队的，一个错的，

26 CABG 有2题

27 celiac diaease 的饮食

28 PKU 考了2题，都是饮食方面的

29 acute glomerulonephritis 的护理指导

支持新的护士法

2008-08-01T09:52:00.001-07:00

请大家一起去留言,支持新的护士法-很简单,很有效

http://www.washingtonwatch.com/bills/show/110_HR_5924.html#commentform

再最后发表你的留言就可以了,可以看大家是怎么写的,如果英文不好,就写最简单的就可以拉....

如果这个通过,你也就是帮助书写历史的一员了..

IBT 托福 VOCABULARY

2008-08-01T09:50:00.000-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-38304-fpage-3.html

Word List 1

abandon 放弃。还有个偏意思是放纵
abandoned 被遗弃的
abbreviate 缩短，缩写。词根-brev-有短的意思。如brevity
abide 容忍，忍受
abiding “总能忍受的”，就是永久的，持久的意思
abnormal 不正常的，词根a-就是“不”的意思
abolish 废除。经常在历史题材的文章中出现。主要是废除奴隶制度的意思。
还有引申词是abolition, abolitionist, abolitionism，就是废奴，废奴主义者，废奴主义的意思。
abort 中止。安装电脑程序的时候经常能看到一个abort的按钮。点了就中止安装
abound 富于。注意这是个动词。bound边界，加a-就是没有边界。充满，大量的意思。如sth. Abound in some area
abrasion 摩擦。经常出现在自然科学的文章中。-rade就是摩擦的意思。Erode，风化侵蚀。
abrupt 突然的。-rupt有断的意思。植物学中可能考到，有突然折断的意思
absenteeism 旷工率；旷课率。有些社会学中涉及到某项调查的文章可能出现。统计某公司的旷工率-sent有出现的意思，如present。 absent，不出现，是缺席。absentee是缺席者。
absolute 绝对的，无条件的。

从零开始复习RN完全攻略

2008-08-01T09:48:00.000-07:00

怎样从零开始？（注意有些网站国内会屏蔽，人在国外都可以打开！！）
我们一步步来哦：
例如看到这段话：
A client visits the physician's office complaining of agitation, restlessness, and weight loss. The physical examination reveals exophthalmos, a classic sign of Graves' disease. Based on history and physical findings, the nurse suspects hyperthyroidism. Exophthalmos is characterized by:

我会先把不认识的单词都划出来：例如像这样
A client visits the physician's office complaining of agitation, restlessness, and weight loss. The physical examination reveals exophthalmos, a classic sign of Graves' disease. Based on history and physical findings, the nurse suspects hyperthyroidism. Exophthalmos is characterized by:

然后把不认识的单词复制到这个网站去查：
http://dict.cnki.net/dict_result.aspx

接下来把中文意思写在边上

遇到查不到的单词去google试
方法：先把英文单词打在google里打空格写个“是”
让后在结果中筛查
例如：在google打入 “exophthalmos 是”就可以看到：
http://www.google.com/search?num=20&hl=en&newwindow=1&q=exophthalmos+%E6%98%AF
然后筛选后发现原来 exophthalmos 就是是“甲状腺凸眼症”

如果你很熟悉这题的知识那么就直接选答案，如果是生疏的知识，将中文“甲状腺凸眼症”复制到google中继续搜索相关知识，将不熟悉的知识打印或做笔记，帮助以后回忆：例如
查到这个可以记录:"甲状腺凸眼症与葛瑞夫兹氏病、桥本氏甲状腺炎同样是自体免疫疾病，主要是由于抗体与淋巴球的作用，使眼肌肉、眼球周边组织与脂肪产生蛋白质的浸润所引起......"
也可以查英文的解释，直接用exophthalmos到google查就可以
如果要看图片直接点击google 图片搜索就可以看到”甲状腺凸眼症“病人什么样了
这个方法尤其可以用在自己不熟悉的，但是国外课本里讲到的疾病

一点也不难吧，接下来：
有几样东西是自己复习的好帮手：

一本好的医学词典书：（有大本和随身带的2种）
推荐：人民卫生出版社英汉医学词典优点：有音标！！

一个好用的医学电子词典：
推荐：快译通（不是好译通！！）的彩屏系列注意：要买内装荣阳医学词典的那种
如果国内没有香港及美国地区有售优点：80万医学单词

一个好用的医学单词查询网：（优点：中翻英也可以！其他学科单词也可查！药物也可！！）
http://dict.cnki.net/dict_result.aspx

一个会点击就发音的单词网：
http://www.merck.com/mmhe/resources/pronunciations/index/a.html

一本RN综合复习教科书
买谁的书？
有名的作者：到www.amazon.com 搜索nclex rn 常用的书都在那里可以用国际信用卡买
（去银行询问怎么办理）
这些都是可以用的书：
Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN® Examination
（这本是目前用的最多的，内容简单好理解）
这书长什么样？
http://www.amazon.com/Saunders-Comprehensive-NCLEX-RN%C2%AE-Examination-Nclex-Rn/dp/141603708X/ref=pd_bbs_sr_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207100986&sr=8-1

Kaplan NCLEX-RN Exam 2008-2009
（这是传说中不能不看的，这家机构办的班很有名）
http://www.amazon.com/Kaplan-NCLEX-RN-Exam-2008-2009-CD-ROM/dp/1419551817/ref=pd_bbs_sr_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207100986&sr=8-2
kanplan的官方网址：
http://www.kaplannursing.com/Nursing_International/NCLEX-RN/View-Kaplan-Programs/NUI_nclex_overview.html?cid=222458

saunders的练习题5000题
http://www.amazon.com/Saunders-Q-Review-NCLEX-RN-Examination/dp/0721603521/ref=pd_bbs_5?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207101316&sr=8-5

Lippincotts的复习书也有名
http://www.amazon.com/Lippincotts-Review-NCLEX-RN-Nclex-Rn/dp/1582553602/ref=pd_bbs_sr_9?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1207101316&sr=8-9

Nclex-Excel
这套价格厉害，不过是视频呐
http://www.amazon.com/Nclex-Excel-Video-Prep-Boards/dp/B000BCDJU0/ref=sr_1_17?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1207101469&sr=8-17

要买的朋友先到youtube看广告片段在决定要不要买哦！
内外科
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFS8vjsi5OE
药理
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nR0h4_KLqEo
儿科
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIuUkAITtOk
妇产科
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJKtCxWS5iY
精神科
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=otJANxibn4U

没钱买怎么办？
google有一个在线看书的工具，就是时间长了眼睛会有点累，不过很省钱呐，尤其是到最后阶段要做题又没钱没时间买书的话，有时间的朋友可以研究一下看看能不能打印，我还没试过，不过可以在线按那个加好放大看，有时速度会慢，是在开网页：用这个方法可以看到很多RN复习的书！！！
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=FJR0IOnq50gC&dq=nclex+rn&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=grXWQ45g-H&sig=1P9IvUe5ciZcalDTlBA2cex9wbI#PPP1,M1

一个免费的RN在线做题的网站
步骤：打开网页－点击“review”－点击任意框－勾选任意部分－选题量－点击next开始－
马上得到反馈

传说中kaplan有个题库银行叫Q bank ，那里有大概1000题，据说是风格最接近考题的
在这里免费做，是菲律宾人的网站
有7套，从question1 到question7 ，在右边的bar里选，注意自己总结正确率，保持在70％左右就很有希望能考过的！！！！这里是test1 （右边很多链接自己去看哦！！）
http://philippinenurses.blogspot.com/2007/08/nursing-board-exam-practice-questions-1.html

一个好的国外医学查询网：
动画疾病介绍：http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorial.html
怎么打开？
例如点击Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm （不知道意思的朋友按照我上面的方法现在就会查了吧）
点击START TUTORIAL 点击START MODULE
在点击右下角绿色next箭头即可有声音哦
不能播放的朋友最常见的原因你没有安装这个flush播放软件
到这页下载右面download 自己不会弄的找个会弄电脑的帮忙！！
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tutorials/abdominalaorticaneurysm/htm/index.htm

一个好用的视频查询网 www.youtube.com
例如要查英文肝硬化的资料把英文Cirrhosis键入搜索条选第一个
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ex5wUWrZubo

查医学单词的定义：
例如Homans' sign
http://www.whonamedit.com/synd.cfm/2371.html

查医学图片

查药物
例如，看到一个药名abacavir
我去这里查，得到网页是&imgrefurl=http://www.drugs.com/pdr/Altace_Capsules.html&h=517&w=300&sz=16&tbnid=UfQovXjcHdYfQM:&tbnh=128&tbnw=74&hl=zh-CN&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Daltace%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dzh-CN%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG
怎么理解内容？
Generic Name: abacavir (a BAK a veer)
Brand names: Ziagen

普通名：abacavir
发音（a BAK a veer）这是美国人用的发音系统
商品名：赛进

接着就可以自己看下面的内容了，例如Abacavir is used to treat HIV
那么就知道，哦，原来就是个抗艾滋病的药
一点一点自己往下面看就可以了

如果想查中文的资料，用相反的原理
比如在google搜索 “Ziagen 是”
得到如下的网页：
http://www.google.com/search?source=ig&hl=en&rlz=&q=Ziagen+%E6%98%AF&btnG=Google+Search
然后看到它的中文介绍，点击进入看到
：治療成人及兒童人類免疫缺乏病毒(HIV)感染之混合性抗反轉錄病毒療法。。。。

关于药物的发音和记忆：
RN考试要掌握的药物大概在400个左右，详见我的药物帖
发音一半可以在人民卫生出版社的那本书上查到音标，
一部分可以上那个药物的英文官方网站听，
或是去youtube听，例如zoloft 是抗忧药
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vfSFXKlnO0
怎么样，很可爱，而且一下就记住了吧

这里有个有药物图片的网站，可以对照一部分的国外药
这里要注意在国外同一种药，剂量不同，颜色形状不同。
公司不同，又是另一个样子，千万留意！！（该页打开较慢，稍等）
&imgrefurl=http://www.mypillbox.org/med_list.php&h=35&w=35&sz=2&hl=zh-CN&start=14&tbnid=Zx7PNiWqrTIjsM:&tbnh=35&tbnw=35&prev=/images%3Fq%3DClarinex%2BReditabs%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dzh-CN%26sa%3DG

在线看国外医生做手术的视频记录，有些有当场解释
http://www.or-live.com/archives/index.cfm?browseby=specialty&id=5

护士日常卡通小对话
http://www.englishmed.com/nurses/dialogues/

医学图片网站超清晰
&imgrefurl=http://www.3dscience.com/3D_Images/Human_Anatomy/Reproductive/Female/Pregnant.php&h=212&w=300&sz=23&hl=zh-CN&start=99&tbnid=PUqXMy9t3AhaHM:&tbnh=82&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpregnant%26start%3D80%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dzh-CN%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN

&imgrefurl=http://catalog.nucleusinc.com/generateexhibit.php%3FID%3D4174&h=261&w=400&sz=15&hl=zh-CN&start=3&tbnid=HnLBALBmnpbygM:&tbnh=81&tbnw=124&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dsheath%2Bmedical%26gbv%3D2%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Dzh-CN

手术室用具英文
http://199.5.204.98/surgtech/default.htm

精神科护理
http://www.anurse.net/psychi/psychiatric%20vocabulary.htm

国外医生资料交流网
http://www.medicalgeek.com/forumdisplay.php?f=218

英文疾病查询
http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/common-topics/default.htm

宝贝都在这里，这些都是我平时学习的时候记下的，我相信网上还有很多很好的资料，大家有空多找找，有好的方法互相介绍，希望美国的中国护士越来越多，不要都是菲律宾人和台湾的护士，大陆的护士们，加油啊！！

新毕业生的工资单

2008-08-01T09:47:00.000-07:00

转贴转贴有新内容的请大家补充！
CHIAGO HOSPITAL给没有任何经验的新毕业生的工资单

这是ＵＮＩＶＥＲＳＩＴＹ　ＯＦ　ＣＨＩＣＡＧＯ　ＨＯＳＰＩＴＡＬ给没有任何经
验的新毕业生的ＯＦＦＥＲ，分要不要ＢＥＮＥＦＩＴ，有四个档次：

第一档，不要福利，全职工作，医院给报销护校学费，有ＲＥＴＩＲＥＭＥＮＴ　ＰＬ
ＡＮ，　ＳＵＰＰＬＥＭＥＮＴＡＬ　ＲＥＴＩＲＥＭＥＮＴ　ＡＮＮＵＩＴＩＥＳ．
其他福利没有

１－２４小时，２６．２７／小时，　２５－４０小时，　３１．５２／小时，　ＡＶ
ＥＲＡＧＥ　２８．３７．

第二档，部分福利，报销学费，有病假，年假，法定节假日，短期残障保险，没有医疗
保险，长期ＤＩＳＡＢＬＥ保险，人寿保险．
１－２４小时，　２４．４９，２５－４０小时，２９．３８，　平均２６．４４．　

第三档，有所有医疗和残障保险，退休金计划，学费报销，但是没有年假病假和法定假
日，
１－２４小时，２４．０７，　２５－４０小时，　２８．８８，　平均发展速度２５
．９９

第四档，包括全部福利，
１－２４小时，　２２．２８，　２５－４０小时，　２６．７４，　平均，　２４．
０６

如果是上夜班，ＳＨＩＦＴ　ＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＩＡＬ是工资２０％．

加班另算．

赫赫，比我前年上班时好多了，要让我选，我肯定选没有福利只有退休金那种，２８块
多一小时，加６块钱一小时的夜班费，不加班就７万一年了．随便加点班就８，９万了
．在ＣＨＩＣＡＧＯ还是蛮爽得了．

这是零经验新毕业生起薪．估计有几年经验的肯定要高１－２万至少．

护士如何获得工卡?

2008-08-01T09:45:00.000-07:00

如果获得美国的工作许可呢？

签证是你进入美国的有效证明文件不同的签证有效期不同
具体可以到美国驻中国领事馆的网页上查询，去google搜索就能查到

如果要想在美国工作必须要有工作许可证，也叫工卡，这个概念只有在国外比较重视和重要。
为什么那么重要，因为他和法律问题直接挂钩，如果没有工卡，美国雇主就不能合法的雇佣你，雇佣非法劳工，他们是会惹上麻烦的，也许餐馆的老板会雇佣非法劳工，但是，美国的医院不会。

如果获得美国的工作许可呢？

作为护士，一些高学历的申请者会考虑工作签证，进而申请职业移民。
普通学历的护士在通过RN和英语成绩后，可以直接申请职业移民，具体帖子在论坛里都有，简单来说就是递交一些表格。

有一些表格只能在移民局宣布有名额的时候递交，包括工卡申请表，这就是为什么大家都要等的原因。

为什么有些护士已经在美国工作了呢？为什么有些没有英语成绩也在美国工作了呢？

为什么有些护士考过RN很久了，还是不能在美国工作了呢？

1为什么有些护士已经在美国工作了呢？她们怎么会有工卡的？
有几类护士有工卡，一类是美国正规大学毕业后，毕业前申请opt，就是类似一种实习的身份，大概时间是1年左右，这种情况下，他们会有临时工卡。
还有是本身是亲属移民过来的，什么是亲属移民，简单来说，就是和他有血缘关系的亲人在拿到美国绿卡或是变成公民后，也是根据排期排队把她这个做护士的亲戚申请过来了，这种是比较开心了，就是到了美国就有身份，只要考过RN就可以工作了。
为什么他们的亲戚可以申请他们呢？同理，有可能他们是爸的爸或是妈的妈早年来美国的，那时候也是通过职业移民或是亲属移民来到美国的，以前的排期没有那么厉害。
还有一类是通过申请政治庇护拿到绿卡的，总的来说，就是在你来美国的1年内，你如果找律师办理，你必须提出证据说明你是某国难民，收到国家迫害，这就是为什么很多人申请法轮功庇护，其实他们就是想骗个绿卡，或是说你在国内不可以养2个小孩，收到国家迫害，强行要你做结扎手术等等，反正花样很多，但是移民局也不会听你一面，也会调查，做笔录，如果你不能够提供很详细的证据，法官不会相信你，那么你就有可能会被马上送回国，不过，这样，你就相当于黑在美国了，一些偷渡的人，反正已经黑了，所以也就试试，2001年－2004年，有大批的人拿到政治庇护绿卡，最近又比较难了。

为什么有些没有英语成绩也在美国工作了呢？
有些护士是和中介签的合同，通过中介到医院，中介会和医院商量，帮助你先在美国工作，但是前提也是你的表格交的比较早，在有排期的时候申请到了工卡，英语可以稍后，但是如果见到移民官前没有，那你就麻烦了。

3为什么有些护士考过RN很久了，还是不能在美国工作了呢？
现在越来越多的雇主要求有visascreen，就是说要考过英语和RN，或是美国大学毕业外加考过RN，这2种情况，医院才愿意面试你，有些护士卡在英语上，身边也没有志同道合的朋友，毕业结婚后，很多就把出国梦淡忘了。
有些一直没有收到移民局寄出的包，材料，被长期搁置。

4什么情况下可以拿到visascreen
考过RN外加考过英语，雅思A类口语7分，总分6。5，托福口语26分，总分83，
如果你是某些英语国家的护士专业毕业，教科书和授课语言是英语，你就不需要英语成绩，填写另外一份申请表就可以了。

5关于visascreen的高中学历要求，有无额外情况。
visascreen要求递交高中学历，
如果没有怎么办？
第一，你如果有护士中专，外加护士大专，请学校准备中英文的成绩单，毕业证书，如果没有英文可以拿到公证处，公证后就有英文的了。
第二，可以在所在城市考成人高中文凭。大概考10多门单科，完成后拿总证。
第三，如果高中毕业10年以上就不需要递交了。
第四，在美国，一般的高中都会有GRE，就是成人高中考试，也是完成单科，发证。

drugs and dosage

2008-08-01T09:43:00.000-07:00

A1 *********************************************************
INSPRA (Eplerenone ) (20mg 50mg 60mg 80mg)
Propranolol Hydrochloride
POTASSIUM CHLORIDE (8mEq/600mg)
Micro-K 10 Extencaps (750mg/10mEqK)
Potassium Chloride Packets (20mEq)
K-PHOS◎ NEUTRAL
Amide◎ Multiret Folic500
Clonazepam (0.5mg 1mg)
PUREPAC (1mg 2mg)
Isosorbide Mononitrate(10mg)
ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE (5mg 10mg 20mg)
CLONAZEPAM ( 2mg )
A 2 ********************************************************
HYOSCYAMINE SULFATE ( 0.375mg ) co.:Amide
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (40mg)
Hyoscyamine Sulfate (0.375mg)
Co.:(0.125mg 0.375mg)
1.Drally Disintegrating
2.Sublingual
LANOXIN◎(DIGOXIN) 125mcg(0.125mg)
DIGITEK◎( 250mcg/0.25mg 0.125mg )
LOPERAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ( 2mg )
Keppra ◎Levetiracetam ( 500mg )
A 3 ********************************************************
LAMISIL ◎ ( terbinafine ) ( 250mg )
LAMICTAL ( LAMOTRIGINE ) ( 25mg 100mg 200mg )
Lipitor◎ ( atorvastain calcium ) ( 10mg 20mg 40mg 80mg )
KYTRIL ◎( granisetron HCL ) (1mg Co.:Roche
LOPERAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ( 2mg )
Lunesta ◎( eszopidone ) ( 1mg )
LITHIUM carbonate ( 150mg 600mg ) Co.:ROXANE
Lithium 300mg
A 4 ********************************************************
BACLOFEN ( 10mg ) co.:( 10mg )
Mefloquine Hydrochloride ( 250mg )
Levothroid◎ ( 25mg 50mg 75mg )
Lescol◎XL(fluvastatin sodium)(20mg 40mg 80mg)
Co.:Amide
CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE and CLIDINIUM BROMIDE (5mg/2.5mg)
FUROSEMIDE ( 20mg 40mg )
Lotrel ◎2.5/10 (amlodipine besylate)=equivalent to amlodipine 2.5mg
Benazepril HCL 10mg
Lotrel◎ 5/20 , 5/10, 10/20
LEVIRA ◎20mg
DIPHENOXYLATE HCL and ATROPINE 2.5mg
Lonamin◎ (phentermine resin)
Gemfibrozil 600mg
A 5 ********************************************************
Lotensin ◎(10mg 20mg)
Lotensin HCT (10/12.5 , 20/12.5)
LOXAPINE (5mg)
Benazepril Hydrochloride (10mg)
Benazepril HCL and Hydrochlorothiazide co.:SANPOZ
(10mg/12.5mg , 20mg/12.5mg)
Metoprolol Tartrate (25mg 50mg 100mg )
Lexapro (escitalopran oxalate) (5mg 10mg 20mg)
Lyrica ◎(25mg 50mg 75mg 100mg)
Indapamide ( 2.5mg )
INDAPAMIDE (1.25mg) Co.PAR
Etodolac 400mg Co.:1.APOTEX Co.2.TEUN
Methergine (methylergonovine maleate 0.2mg)
A 6 ********************************************************
Metaglip (glipizide &metformin HCL)(2.5/500mg ,5mg/500mg)
LOVASTATIN 10mg anotherCo.:Andrx (20mg 40mg)
Mobic◎(meloxicam) (7.5mg)
Micardis◎ HCT ( telmisartan hydrochlorothiazide)(40mg/12.5 )
Triamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide ( 37.5mg/25mg )
Co.:WATSON
Mirapex ◎ ( pramipexole dihydrochloride )( 0.125mg,0.25mg,1mg )
Hephyton ◎ ( 5mg )
Maxalt ◎ ( 5mg )
MALARONE◎ (atovaquone and proguanil HCL) ( 250mg )
Ethambutol Hydrochloride ( 100mg 400mg )
Meprobamate 400mg Co.:WATSON ( 200mg )
METHOTREXATE 2.5mg
MENEST ◎(ESTERIFIED ESTROGENS) 0.625mg
(Amiloride Hydrochloride and Hydrochlorothiazide )(5mg/50mg)
MEGESTROL ACETATE ( 20mg 40mg 80mg ) Co.:PAR
Micardis ◎(80mg)
A 7 ********************************************************
IBU ◎( Ibuprofen ) ( 400mg 800mg )
GLYBURIDE ( 2.5mg )
Mestinon◎ ( 60mg )
Glyburide ( 5mg )
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM ( 10mg)
Mycobutin ◎(rifabutin) 150mg
GLYBURIDE ( micronized ) ( 6mg )
anotherCo.:( 5mg ) Co.:TEUN ( 5mg )
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM ( 10mg 20mg 40mg ) Co.:RANBAXY
FOSINOPRIL SODIUM-HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE20mg/12.5mg
CLOTRIMAZOLE TROCHE(Clotrimazole Lozenges) (10mg)
Co.:Roxane anotherCo.:Paddock (10mg)
Medrol ◎ 16mg
Mycelex◎ Troche (clotrimazole) (10mg) Co.:alza
methylprednisolone (4mg) Co.:GREENSTONE
PLIVA ◎(375mg 500mg)
Enteric Coated Naproxen 500mg
NAPROXEN (250mg) Co.:Geneva
Mucinex◎ DM(guaifenesin and 300mg dextromethorphan HBr extended –release bi-layer) ( 600mg )
Norvasc ◎( 5mg 10mg ) Co.:pfizer
NIASPAN ◎ niacin ( 500mg 750mg 1000mg )
NEPHROCAPS
NEPHPLEX◎

B1 *********************************************************
Oxaprozin (600mg )
Darvocet-N
(porpoxyphene napsylate and aceaminophen)
Qualitest◎
(PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE and ACETAMINOPHEN)100/650mg
anotherCo.:IVAX
DEXAMETHASONE 4mg Co.:ROXANE
PLIVA◎ Torsemide (10mg 50mg 100mg 150mg)
DOSTINEX◎ (cabergoline 0.5mg)
DAPSONE 25mg
SALSALATE 750mg
Alphagen D-AMINE-8R
B2 *********************************************************
DEPAKOTE◎ ER (DIVALPROEX SODIUM)
(125mg 250mg 500mg )
ChlorproPAMIDE 100mg
Amaryl◎ glimepiride 4mg
EXTENDED PHENYTOIN SODIUM 100mg
Dilantin◎ 100mg
Detrol◎ LA (tolterodine tartrate) 2mg 4mg
B3*********************************************************
OXYBUTYNIN CHLORIDE 5mg
DITROPAN◎ XL(Dxybutynin chloride)(5mg 10mg 15mg)
Diovan HCT◎(vaisartan and hydrochlorothianzide)
160mg/25mg 160mg/12.5mg 80mg/12.5mg
Diovan◎ 40mg 80mg 160mg 320mg
BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS with PHENOBARBITAL
B4*********************************************************
Duet ◎DHA(prenaal vitamins) Co.:Stuart Natal
Duet ◎
DIFLUNISAL 500mg Co.:TEVN
Triamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide 37.5mg/25mg Co.:SANDOZ
anotherCo.:IVAX
Acetazolamide 250mg
Diatx◎ Zn
Effexor◎ XR (Benlafaxine HCL) (37.5mg 75mg 100mg )
Enablex◎ 7.5mg NOVARTIS
Exelon◎ 1.5mg 3mg 4.5mg(rivastigmine tartrate)
B5*********************************************************
ENTAB-DM(guaifenesin and dextromethorphan HBr)
AMITRIPTYLINE HCL 10mg Co.:Qualitest
(50mg 75mg 100mg) anotherCo.:MYLAN 100mg
IDTEX PSE Co.:IoPharm
(Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 120mg,Guaifenesin 600mg)
GUAIFENESIN 600mg with PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HCL 60mg
FORTAMET(metformin HCL) 1000mg
EVOXAC◎ (cevimeline HCL) 30mg
EPIVIR◎ 150mg 300mg
Estradiol 1mg anotherCo.:2mg
Epirir-HBV (lamivudine) 100mg
PIROXIAM 20mg Co.:TEVN anotherCo.:10mg
B6*********************************************************
EVISTA◎(Raloxifene HCL) 60mg
FAMVIR◎(famcidovir) 250mg 500mg
Fioricet◎ with Codeine
(butalbital 50mg,acetaminophen 325mg,caffeine 40mg,and codeine phosphate 30mg)
anotherCo.:WATSON PHARMA
Butalbital,Aspirin,and Caffeine
(50mg-325mg-40mg) Co.:WATSON
anotherCo.:BAC TM
FolicAcid2.2mg,B6(pyridoxine Hcl)25mg,B12(Cyanocobalamin)500mg
Co.:allan pharmaceutical
Folplex2.2
Cyclobenzaprine HCL (5mg 10mg)
B7*********************************************************
Geodon(80mg,40mg)
Folic Acid (1mg)
Flomax 0.4mg
FOSAMAX 70mg
FOSAMAX PLUS D 2800IU/10mg
Glucotrol 5mg
Glucotrol XL (5mg 10mg)
Glipizide (5mg 10mg)
Glipizide XL 2.5mg 5mg 10mg
glucovance◎Glyburide and Metformin HCL 2.5mg/500mg
glucovance◎ XR 500mg
GLYBURIDE AND METFORMIN HCL 1.25mg/250mg
METFORMIN HCL 500mg
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin HCL
1.25mg/250mg 2.5mg/500mg 5mg/500mg
GLUCOPHAGE◎ 500mg
B8*********************************************************
MINITRAN(nitroglycerin) 0.1mg 0.2mg 0.4mg
NITROGLYCERIN 0.4mg
Nitrolingual◎ Pumpspray
NataFort◎:Prenatal multivitamin
NITRO-TIME 2.5mg
Nexium(esomeprazole magnesium) 40mg
Gabapentin 100mg
GABAPENTIN 300mg 400mg 600mg
Neurontin 100mg 300mg 400mg
NALFON 200mg
RENAPHRO
NEPHPLEX
TAMOXIFEN CITRATE 10mg 20mg anotherCo.
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE 200mg
Labetalol Hydrochloride 200mg 300mg anotherCo.300mg
HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE and ACETAMINOPHEN 325mg
PLIVA◎Ketoconazole 200mg
Niferex◎-150 anotherCo.:Polysaccharide-Iron
anotherCo.:Breckenridge Pharmaceatical
C1 *********************************************************
QUINAPRIL 10mg 20mgCo.:PARanotherCo.:40mg
Accupril ◎(Quinapril HCL) 20mg
Accolate ◎(zafirlukast)
Actos ◎(pioglitazone)15mg 30mg 45mg
Actoplus met (pioglitazone HCL) 15mg and metformin HCL 500mg
Actonel 15mg (risedronate sodium)
URSODIOL 300mg Co.:Amide
Afeditab◎ CR (NIFEdipine) 30mg Co.:WATSON
ACEDN◎ 8mg (Perindopril erbumine)
C2 *********************************************************
AcipHex ◎8mg 20mg Co.:EisaiInc.
Amaryl ◎(glimepiride) 2mg 4mg Co.: Aventis
GLIMEPIRIDE 2mg 4mg Co.:RANBAXY
anotherCo.:4mg DR.REDDY’S
anotherCo.:4mg PRASCO
anotherCo.:2mg SANPOZ
MethyIDOPA 250mg Co.:IVAX
Advicor◎(NIACIN/LOVASTATIN 500mg/200mg)
Aggrenox ◎(aspirin/extended release dipyridamole)25mg/200mg
Co.:Boehringer Ingelheim
GREENSTONE (Spironolactone) 100mg
Fexofenadine Hydrochloride Co.:PRASCO
Allegra (fexofenadine hydrochloride) 30mg 60mg 180mg
Allegra-D 12Hour (fexofenadine hydrochloride HCL 60mg
and pseudoephedrine HCL 120mg) Co.:Aventis
FEXOFENADINE HYDROCHLORIDE 60mg Co.:TEVN
SOTRET◎ 20mg 40mg (Isotretinoin)
ALTACE(ramipril) 1.25mg anotherCo.:2.5mg 5mg 10mg
C3 *********************************************************
ClomiPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 25mg Co.:TEVN
AMBIEN CR 12.5mg 6.25mg 5mg
PLIVA(HydrOXYzine HCL) 10mg
Clomi PRAMINE Hydrochloride 25mg 50mg TEVN:50mg another;75mg
HydrALAzine Hydrochloride 10mg 25mg Co.:PARanother:PLIVA 50mg
Meclizine Hydrochloride 12.5mg 25mgCo.:PAR
Naproxen Sodium 550mg
ARICEPT (donepezil HCL) 10mg Co.:Pfizer
Trihexyphenidyl hydrochloride 2mg
Arimidex◎ 1mg
TRIHEXYPHENIDYL HYDROCHLORIDE 5mg Co.:Qualitest
LEFLUNOMIDE 20mg Co.:PAR another:PRASCD
(50mg diclofenac sodium/200mcg misopro stol) 75mg/200mg
Arava (Leflunomide) 10mg 20mg
Atacand HCT 16mg-12.5mg 32mg-12.5mg
Atacand:32mg 8mg
Hydroxyzine HCL 50mg Co.:Qualitest
another:PLIVA:25mg 50mg
Lorazepam 0.5mg 1mg 2mg
Avapro (irbesartan) 25mg 150mg
Avalide(irbesartan hydrochlorothiazide) 150/12.5mg 300/12.5mg 300/25mg
AROMASIN (exemestane) 25mg

C5 *********************************************************
Avandamet 2mg/1000mg
Avandaryl (rosigliazone maleate4mg ,Glimepiride 2mg) 4mg/1mg
AVANDIA 2mg 4mg 8mg
AXID 150mg
Sulfasalazine 500mg
Baraclude 0.5mg 1mg
NIZATIDINE 300mg another:150mg
AVODART 0.5mg
Asacol 400mg
Banicar HCT 20mg/12.5mg 40mg/12.5mg
Banicar 5mg 20mg
Dicyclomine Hydrochloride 10mg 20mg
TERBUTALINE 2.5mg
SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE 120mg
PROBENECID 500mg
Boniva (ibandronate sodium) 150mg
C6 *********************************************************
VITACON FORTE
ClomiPHENE CITRATE 50mg
CODEINE PHOSPHAE and GUAIFENESIN 10mg/300mg
Bumetanide 1mg
Bumetanide HCL 5mg 10mg 15mg
VERAPAMIL HCL 120mg 240mg
Buspirone 10mg
Carbatrol 500mg
Captopril 25mg
Diphenhydramine HCL 50mg
Carbarol 300mg
Colchicine 0.6mg
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1mg
Doxazosin Mesylate 1mg 2mg 4mg 8mg
C7 *********************************************************
Sucralfate 1g
Captopril 50mg 100mg 12.5mg
CardizemCD(diltiazem Hcl)80mg 120mg 240mg 300mg 360mg
DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE
(30mg 60mg 120mg 180mg 240mg 300mg)
Cartia XT 120mg 180mg 300mg
NICARdipine HCL 20mg
Caduet (Camlodipine besylae/atorvasatin calcium)
2.5/10mg 10mg/10mg 10mg/20mg

C8 *********************************************************
Citalopram HBr 10mg
Celexa 10mg 20mg
Citalopram Hydrobromide 10mg 20mg another:40mg
Cellcept◎ 500mg
Celebrex 100mg 200mg
FeoGen◎ Forte
Ferrochel
CHROMAGEN ◎FORTE
CLARINEX ◎5mg
CLARINEX-D 12hour / 24hour
COREG 3.125mg 6.25mg 12.5mg 25mg
Prochlorperazine Maleate 5mg 10mg
Benztropine Mesylate 0.5mg 1mg
Carbatrol 300mg
NADOLOL 20mg 40mg
SULINDA 150mg 200mg
Clozapine 100mg
C9********************************************************
Warfarin 1mg 2mg 2.5mg 3mg 4mg 5mg 6mg 7.5mg 10mg
COUMADIN 1mg 2.5mg 3mg 4mg 5mg 7.5mg
CRESTOR 5mg 10mg 20mg
Cialis 20mg
E1********************************************************
BROMETANE-DX COUGH SYRUP
RLOMET 500mg/5ml
DEXAMETHASONE
Intensol oral solution(concentrate)
HYDROCODONE AND HOMATROPINE
VI-Q-TUSS EXPECTORANT
ISONIAZID ORAL SOLUTION 5mg/5ml
Hyoscyamine sulfate Oral Solution
FUROSEMIDE ORAL SOUTION 10mg/ml
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE ORAL TOPICAL SOLUTION
E3********************************************************
PROMETH WITH DEXTROMETHORPHAN
PROMETH VC PLAIN
PROMETHAZINE HYDROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE
PROMETH WITH CODEINE
PROMETH vc WITH CODEINE

E4********************************************************
R-Tanna Pediatric Suspension
HYCOTUSS◎(AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE SYRUP)50mg/5ml
CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONAE 0.12%
SULFAMETHOXAZOLE AND TRIMETHOPRIM
GOODSENSE◎ Allergy congestion Relief
ALBUTEROL SULFATE SYRUP 2mg/5ml
E5********************************************************
IOPHEN DM-NR LIQUID
CHERATUSSIN AC EXPECTORANT COUGH SUPPRESSANT
Tannate 12D S Suspension
MGP GUAIFENESIN AC LIQUID
SULFATRIM◎ PEDIATRIC SUSPENSION
Loratadine Syrup
ACETAMINOPHEN AND CODEINE PHOSPHATE
Zyrtec◎ (cetirizine HCL) SYRUP
Tussionex ◎
PRILOSEC
E6********************************************************
ACYCLOVIR ORAL SUSPENSION 200mg/5ml
Zantac◎
SYNTHROID (0.025mg 0.05mg 0.075mg 0.112mg 0.088mg 0.1mg 0.125mg 0.15mg)
Repliva 21/7
LEVOXYL 75mcg 100mcg 112mcg 50mcg 125mcg 137mcg
E7********************************************************
SeroQUEL(quetiapine fumarate) 100mg 50mg 200mg 300mg
Strattera 40mg
ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONE 50mg/25mg
ATENOLOL 25mg/50mg
TENORMIN 50mg
Singulair 4mg 10mg
E8********************************************************
Sular 20mg 10mg 30mg
Benzonatate 100mg 200mg
Tegretol 200mg
STARLIX 120mg 60mg
Carbamazepine 200mg
Tegretol XR 200mg
Theo-24 200mg
METHIMAZOLE 10mg
TAPAZOLE 5mg
CIMETIDINE 300mg
TARKA(TRANDOLAPRIL/VERAPAMIL Hcl ER) 2mg/180mg
TAZTIA XT 180mg
TIAZAC 180mg
Tindamax 500mg 250mg
Ketorolac Tromethamine 10mg
PERPHENAZINE and AMITRIPTYLINE HCL 4mg/25mg 2mg/10mg
IMIPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 10mg 25mg
FLECAINIDE ACETATE 50mg
THEOPHYLLINE 200mg
Theophyline 300mg 100mg
Teveten 400mg
Lidoderm

托福185作文提纲中文版

2008-08-01T09:40:00.001-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-38312-fpage-3.html

通过iBT托福

2008-08-01T09:38:00.000-07:00

感觉就像做梦，睡觉前上ets看看复议情况，没想到口语从23到了27，总分从95到了99

终于不在是ibt的奴隶啦 ^_______________________^ ~~~happing!!!!!!

到美国后，因为申请绿卡需要口语26分，

从06底07年初，我开始准备托福，因为自己也属于很懒的那种，就是跟着老师在课堂上做题，

比起那些用功的同学，想想自己真的不好意思，哪本书也没有做完，by the way，我觉得Longman的书最好。

就是吃以前的老本，大学毕业已经4年了，就是刚刚过4级那个水平，六级考过一次后来没时间也就放弃了，

不过通过1年半，5次努力之后，我终于拿到了口语27分

我是在www.chasedream.com上知道可以复议的，所以今天要特别感谢CD，感谢大家。

我想告诉大家，有目标就不要放弃，我的5次分数分别是

66 78 88 94 99 我记得我第一次阅读只有8分

这次的口语是从23复议到27分的

我想提醒大家，不是每次都要复议，我复议3次，不是每次都加分，要挑自己感觉状态特别好的那次去复议，

对话筒说要清晰，速度适中，音量稍大，我知道很多女孩子会不好意思，很多人不想让周围的人听见，

但是没有关系，你要知道你只是说给考官听的，所以要有忘我的状态，感觉自己和一个老朋友在聊天，

对了，还想说的就是我有2题都没有说完，第5题都没来得及给我的建议，不过第6题一定要尽量多的说你听到的。

我是参加5月9日那次考试的，北美考场，你看我在北美考就知道我多懒了，就是出国钱都懒的考托福

到了美国还是逃不掉。。不过那天我出了考场就给大家发JJ了，所以也许是好人有好报吧，祝大家一切顺利！

我的一点点经验

阅读：第一篇20分钟，时间很紧，我通常都是先用1分钟－2分钟，把所有单词题做掉，然后看一眼最后的大题，因为那个分值高，就着自己看一眼阅读标题，很多人会把这个忽略掉，再留意一共几段，看的时候可以总结本段内容，高度概括，可以写在草稿上，但绝对不要长，读每句话要快也要仔细，尽量读懂，要有语感，有语感可以帮你感觉文章整体思路。我背过老俞的单词，但是没有背完，个人感觉单词还是背越多越好。

听力：我不知道别人的感觉如何，我不太喜欢记笔记，因为影响听后面的，但是如果是科技类的，有比较的东西，记得还是要记一下，文章很长，很容易睡着，千万别走神。遇到听力加试，就不要听了，可以利用这个偷听一下考口语的人第一题说的什么。记住只是加试哦，不然你听力肯定来不及还影响心态，心态不好的建议就不要偷听了。

口语我比较赞成万用模板的准备，我这次是准备了芬兰的话题，（签证的时候也是拿说芬兰说事，居然签过），口语也是有芬兰的内容，恩。。。跑题了，anyway，我是想了一个思路，大家自己也可以准备，我是想说如果问我最喜欢的地方，我可以说－芬兰，一次特别的旅行－芬兰，一个特别的地方－芬兰圣诞老人村，一个特别的礼物－圣诞老人签名的卡片，考场里是问我，我小时候的一个特别的朋友，我就用这个思路，我说我5岁的时候有个好朋友从芬兰来，我们在一起学习中文，度过了一个很开心的暑假，bla。。bla。。反正就是吹呗～～记得到最后5秒再来一个总结那就是perfect了，大家不要照抄，每个人都说这个，分数就不高了，要想自己的，方法是去google搜你感兴趣的国家地区的英文的旅游官方网站，上面有各方面的信息，包括什么食物好吃，哪里好玩，原版英文的都可以拿来作为你的资料。

另外，口语话题一定一定要准备，临场你一定一定会紧张，有备才无患。

具体话题准备按照人，地点，事情来分类，最喜欢最崇拜最信赖。。。。。。。。的人

最喜欢特别最舒服的最特别。。。。。。。。。的地方

一件有趣。。记忆犹新。。。难忘。。。令人遗憾。。的事

作文

先从阅读找到3个论点，小作文听清教授反驳的3个论点，一定都是反驳加上举例，举例很快，有的时候就一句话就过了。

一定要集中精神听清教授是怎么说的。

然后按照模板就可以了。

结构

1根据文章作者认为。。。但是教授认为。。。

2文章觉得。。。但是教授不同意。。

3文章作者提到。。。但是教授持相反观点。。。。

同样表达不同意，要用不同说法，disagreen啦，hold different opinion啦，says，mention，show，总之不一样就可以了，

文章的句子不会改写就照抄也可以。

大作文，

我大概写了50个outline，背了一个模板。That's it!

如果第一次没考好，不好灰心，分析自己哪里还可以改进，有梦就有希望！！

Good luck everyone！

申请纽约州的护士准考证(图)

2008-08-01T09:35:00.000-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-34303-fpage-4.html
首先下载外国护士学历认证的报名表步骤如下不急哦慢慢一步步来
打开www.cgfns.org
点击Credential Verification Service for New York State （见图）
然后点击右下角报名表 PDF格式（见图）
仔细阅读按要求准备
不知道怎么填的不懂的到论坛上请教大家好了

填好后寄到费城的地址报名表上有
然后费城的人会往你学校寄信
这时候准备成绩单，要让学校准备中、英文的
格式见扫描图（见图）
注意这时候就要让学校一点写上精神科实习的小时数（见图）
要有社区实习
最好是用小时也就是学时计算
不然你就算考过RN
visascreen的时候会被拒绝
常见问题如下：
学校没有英文的成绩单怎么办？
拿着你的中文的成绩单去你居住的的公证处办理
他们会出示英文的
再拿去学校和让他们盖章
有精神科但是没有精神科实习怎么办？
和老师商量一下，只要你们见习过，让他们在边上打个括号
写“包括实习”，一般老师是肯的！！

有护士证的朋友你的卫生局也会收到信
是要求卫生局把你的护士证的情况回信给他们
卫生局的不肯盖章的写信给网上市长信箱
大家不要笑
我的一个好朋友
我就是建议她那么投诉的
结果卫生局的人乖乖给她打电话呵呵

费城的CGFNS收到这些信后，来信告诉你，你通过认证
然后开始第二步

去纽约州护士局下载表格
打开http://www.op.nysed.gov/nurse.htm
见图
点击左边申请表格目录下的那个RN&LPN
下载表1 如图
填写
其中有个儿童虐待的考试要先考过（见图）

参考资料见我发的帖子

拿到纽约州护士局的认证通知后（拿到ATT准考证）
就可以到考试中心的网站报名了
打开
http://www.vue.com/nclex/
注册

大型记录片留学生

2008-08-01T09:33:00.001-07:00

简介：本片是大型电视纪录片《留学生》真实反映当代留学大潮中的人生百态，直击留学热点和焦点问题。以一手的信息、生动的故事，让观众自己去体味留学生活的苦与乐，去评判留学人生的是与非，去感受留学价值的高与低。　　《留学生》分为八部，从传统文化浓郁的英国到现代气息弥漫的德国，从浪漫的法兰西到现实的美利坚，摄制组亲赴中国学生的十个主要留学国家、历时两年、将拍摄125集。大型记录片留学生大型记录片留学生大型记录片留学生更多集内容请看http://v.youku.com/v_playlist/cd00f720923o7p13.html

visascreen的一些常见问题

2008-08-01T09:31:00.000-07:00

关于visascreen的一些常见问题
另外找到一个台湾护士的网站讲到这方面的内容，和大家分享一下
更多内容请去她的blog
如果你在国内打不开，试试用catch网页的方式
http://tw.myblog.yahoo.com/samantha-j/article?mid=243&prev=259&next=198&l=f&fid=5

1960 年起，美國逐漸出現海外護士進入美國工作，移民局對於這些海外護理人員的學歷認證感到十分頭痛，於是在 1975 年，由移民局出面協同美國護理學會（American Nurses Association，ANA）、國家護理工會（the National League for Nursing，NLN）、各州護理局（U.S. Boards of Nursing）、美國醫院學會（the American Hospital Association，AHA）、美國醫學學會（the American Medical Association，AMA）、美國勞工局（the U.S. Department of Labor）及紐約州教育部門（the New York State Education Department）共同協商學歷認證標準，故成立 CGFNS （Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools）。

CGFNS 旗下另有二個機構：一為 ICHP （The International Commission on Healthcare Professions），另一為 ICD（The International Consultants of Delaware, Inc.），ICHP 專門負責 VisaScreen 認證，而 ICD 則專職審核海外學歷是否同等美國學歷。

美國國會於1996年立法（Section 343 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Responsibility Act of 1996）通過：Foreign Nurse需取得 VisaScreen才能在美國執業，而美國移民局則在2003年宣布：凡是在海外受教育的nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, physician assistants, medical technicians, medical laboratory technologists, speech language pathologists, and audiologists都需取得VisaScreen才能合法在美國工作。

VisaScreen 有三項審核標準：專業護理教育、通過 CGFNS 的 Certification Program 或 NCLEX-RN、及英文能力。

VisaScreen 專業護理教育的審核標準在 VisaScreen Handbook 第三頁中有清楚解釋“The educational review ensures that the applicant’s secondary and professional education meets all applicable statutory and regulatory requirements for the profession that the applicant intends to practice. It also makes sure that the applicant's education is comparable to the education of U.S. graduates in that same field who are applying for licenses.”申請者的專業護理教育必需等同於美國的專業護理教育，在第八頁更有詳細解釋

“Registered Nurses must meet all of the educational requirements as a Registered Nurse, CGFNS/ICHP requires evidence that you have:

• successfully completed a secondary school education that is separate from your nursing education,

• graduated from a government-approved, general nursing program of at least two years in length, and

• received a minimum number of hours of theoretical instruction and hours of clinical practice in each of the following:

• Nursing Care of the Adult (which includes Medical and Surgical Nursing)

• Maternal/Infant Nursing (excluding Gynecology)

• Nursing Care of Children (Pediatrics)

• Psychiatric/Mental Health Nursing (excluding Neurology)“

許多朋友從三年制護校－二年制護專畢業，專業護理教育及臨床實習雖然嚴謹紮實，但由於三年制護校屬於secondary school education（高中），護校的護理教育學分 ICHP 不承認，只有二專的護理學分被認定為nursing education，如果申請者在二專期間沒有內外及產兒精五大科的授課及實習學分，將無法取得 VisaScreen 。

Congratulations again for your job! This is the link for visascreen, which is
required for green card. You may submit visascreen certificate later after you
file other forms for green card. Please read all related links on this page
and handbook.
http://www.cgfns.org/sections/prog/visa.shtml

There are 3 main forms:
1. Your own aplication
2. Education verification directly mailed from your nursing school (one page,
you need to fill out the upper part, school fills out the lower part), I also
attached my nursing school transcripts before our director sealed the envolope
because in handbook visascreen program requires this before and I do not know
their current policy
3. License verification directly mailed from GA board of nursing(one page, you
need to fill out the upper part, board fills out the lower part), in the
upper part, it requires license number, so you need to wait until you pass
NCLEX and get youR license number. GA board will email you license number 1-3
weeks after you pass NCLEX. You only need the number, not the real license for
visascreen. GA board asks for processing fees too.

others: photos (do not forget sign BOTH FRONT AND BACK), high school diploma
copy (no transcripst required for all applicants, if you graduated 10 years ago, the diploma will be waived later during the review process), fees

You may download these forms from the link or submit online (only the
application). I chose paper application, which I thought I could add some
notes to expain. However, the staff will input all info from your application
to their system, which took around 3 weeks. So I recommend you to submit
online application. If you choose submit online, the system will fill out the
upper part for 2 and 3 for you.

The only tip for visascreen is keeping calling them. Those staff are really
stupid and will tell you a different story everytime you call. So ask the
person's name, next time you call, you can mention that person's name.
Sometimes it helps.

Best wishes,

美国护士艰苦奋斗的实例

2008-08-01T09:29:00.000-07:00

一篇好帖－转来和大家分享

看到很多姐妹在国内医院挣扎，不由想到了自己当时的日子。随手写下这篇我的出国路。希望给想有改变但是不知如何开始的姐妹一点借鉴。本人现居美国，也在这边做了一年多的RN（注册护士）。在护校念书时的成绩也就一般般。我们班46人，我排十几二十吧。相当于平均水平。出国前属于在医院无路（没有人罩着），家里没钱（我出国家里没出一分前，用得都是自己上班时的积蓄）情况。相信和大多姐妹的情况差不多。

没出国之前在三甲医院，因为那时刚中专毕业又没谈恋爱，无聊就去报了几个英文学习班消磨时间，结果年末被护士长评论为“不安心本职工作”（天地良心，我上班从不请假，所有的考试还是出夜班后顶着熊猫眼去的），延迟转正半年。当时心里就气愤得很，心里算计着甚么时候能跳出这个苦海。可我家境并不是很好，当时最多也就想着跳槽做文员之类，根本没想到自己有朝一日能在美国做护士

被翻夜班，晨间提问，大小考试折腾了一年多以后，有一天回学校想报名参加高复班考大专。突然在食堂门口的招贴栏上看到有考美国RN的培训班。那段时候正好新闻也在播美国有家甚么公司在上海出50万年薪招护士。心眼一下子活动了——这可比在医院累死累活两三千一个月强太多了！虽然报名费和学费要一万多，抱着舍不得孩子套不得狼的想法，我毅然拿出了工作一年的积蓄，参加了学习班。并回医院办了辞职，一心一意念书。

事后想想，很是有点后怕。万一考不出来。万一出不了国，万一找不到工作........可当时，根本没想那么多

念书的日子是枯燥而又辛苦的。都是原版书，一直自以为英文不错的我有一度都差点放弃。晚上看书到两三点，早上七点不到又要去学校念书。如果不是辞职没退路的话我铁定放弃。那时候和我妈开玩笑，说要早这么用功上重点高中念大学绝对没问题。然后我妈回一句都是我自找的。

念了大概有半年多吧，经历了许多堂测验，终于被中介选中可以去美国考试了（只要他觉得你考出的机会大，考试的一切费用包括机票和在美国的食宿都是他负责，但是你得和他签合同保证将来为他服务若干年）

那时觉得自己还是挺幸运的。一万多人民币就换来半年真正老美教学，外加美国旅游（实际是去考试）两周。至少这学费没亏吧。就人生第一次做上了飞机，踏出国门。时间还记得挺清楚,200３年9月11日，（因为是9．１１周年庆，机票特便宜）

起床.接着上！

一行有十几个被挑中的幸运儿。因为买的是特价票，一路转机折腾了30多小时才到美国。下飞机的时候就看到我们中介早早地候在那里。一人给了个拥抱后微笑着就把你护照先收走了。美其名曰帮我们保管，实则是怕你跑了。倒了大概有三四天时差后就去考试中心了。

美国的护士考试是机考。最少要考75题，最多是265。当计算机觉得你可以过或者是要当你的时候都会在75－265这个范围内随机停下。因为一般考下来感觉都不太好，所以当时大家考完普遍的感觉是会当掉。考完后大概又用了3天成绩就出来了。我们的通过率很高,15个过了12个（美国护士局公布的外国护士通过率才30－40％）。证明中介的眼光还是不错的。于是最后那两天就忙着逛街游玩。把带的美金统统花光买了一大箱东西带回国送人。

曾经很天真地以为只要考出执照绿卡至多一年半载总能拿到。这不，网上不到处公布美国有多缺护士吗？事实发现根本就不是那回事。好多医院都不愿意请在美国没工作经验的护士。要通过移民局要求的语言又是一大难关（TOEFL540,TSE50／IELTS 6.5 但口语要达到7.0)。在过了3个多月觉得出国暂时无望，积蓄也用得差不多后，我开始了自己找工作。

这段少了一点。我下午要出门。回家继续写，吼吼。
那段时间运气也不错。正好有外资医院在上海扩大规模招护士。就去面试了。外资医院和公立最大的区别就是自由得多。只要你把本职工作做好，领导不会管你下班干甚么，以后出不出国（在国内你要被领导知道有出国的念头，公立医院里的日子可就难过了，冷言冷语多得很）。相比如三甲，日子好过多了。白班基本就做做体检看看伤风感冒之类的小病。夜半最多的是接电话，偶尔会有几个阑尾术后，发烧之类留观的病人（诊所比较小，怕看死老外，稍微严重点都让人去香港或者回国再治）。和三甲相比简直一个天上一个地下。虽然工资不多，拿到手也就两千多三千不到，但是那段日子心情还是很愉快的。反正自己用用是足够了。可以说，那是我人生最轻松快乐的一段日子吧。

这样子又过了差不多有一年。中介觉得如果在国内等绿卡成功率不大（语言很难考过），时间又长（我认识的一个女孩子等了大概三年多才拿到）。就出主意帮我们办了留学签证先到美国念语言再去当地医院实习。这样子语言能过工作也好找一点。至于学习和生活费用，他们先付但是你在医院实习时的收入得通过他们扣除后才发几百刀（美金）的生活费给你。照中介的说法是，反正你们在国内也就赚三两千块一个月，也不亏。
于是就稀里糊涂签了合同，拿到签证后正式踏上了赴美之路。

在语言学校呆了两个多月后便开始了正式在医院的实习。和国内不一样，美国的医院大都是私立的。护士在医院是很重要的组成部分，也是很高尚的一个职业。医院是不提供制服的，都得自己花钱买，还得自己负责清洗。第一次穿感觉像睡衣，宽宽大大的。这里的护士都不带帽子，也不像国内干甚么护理操作小到铺床大到打针都得戴口罩。但是随处都有手套.(美国人还是很有自我保护意识的).一般一个病房都只住一个人，在特别紧张的条件时会住两个。中间用帘子隔开。医院的等级制度很明显，注册护士/助理护士/护工，各司其职。

明天开始会详细写美国的医院是怎么样的

好像点击率不是很高哦。这是我第一次在网上写东西。还请大家多多捧场，在没写完之前别让贴子沉下去。

有出国想法的朋友可以给我留言。看看有甚么可以互相讨论借鉴的。

嘻嘻，小女子先睡觉去咯

在医院的第一个星期是在充满新奇和忐忑中度过的，但并不顺利，差点被开除。大多数的病人和同事都很有礼拜。但是也有故意刁难的。有些黑人病人和医院同事，会故意用很歧视的眼光看着你，嘴里说“what are you talk abou?”把你吓得都不敢讲话。我第一个带教是正宗的美国南方乡下人，一口南方音，还虚伪得很。我上完第一天班就对她说，不好意思，由于我第一次过来美国，对医院的设备不熟悉，语言也不是很好，请您觉得我有甚么做得不对给我指正。结果我跟了她三天（美国的医院一般是上12小时的，一周3天为全职工作），她天天对我说“You're doing great!”我那时候还庆幸遇到一好人呢。谁料到第四天我在家休息的时候，中介突然打电话给我把我骂一顿，说医院对我的表现极端不满，认为我根本没有做护士的资格，不准备要我了。

我接到电话大吃一惊，扪心自问，没做错甚么呀。头3天基本就是熟悉环境和这边的工作程序。都没真正开始接触病人，她们凭什么判断我不是一个称职的护士呢？几番沟通交涉后才知道此表面友好的护士私下对经理给我的评价极低！

因为中介和我认识的时间比较长，对我还算比较了解。就替我和医院争取再给一次机会。医院同意了，但要求我先接受一个为期一周的“密集型护理训练班”。我同意了，条件是，我要更换带教，因为我觉得先前那位有种族歧视。（在美国，均等机会是深入人心的，种族歧视是一个很严重的词，可以告上法庭）。一周以后重回医院，这次迎接我的是一个出生在美国的西班牙裔的男护士做带教。

写完最不开心的一段经历了。后面在医院的生活就有趣得多。今天回家晚了，明天争取白天多写点。（明天史瑞克3全美公映，老公答应请我出去吃饭加看电影，甜蜜中......）

我的老墨带教是个特“实在”的人。身高一米65体重却近200斤，站在我身边是一个顶俩。不过人很好，教人特细致，也肯放手让你做。据他说他原本是在别的州做潜水教练的（当时觉得他那么多肉进水里肯定很容易浮），搬家到这边以后找不到工作，觉得护士工作薪水高就去念了个护士学校。真佩服美国人，还有40岁转行的，转的还是完全不相关的两个职业。

我工作的这家医院只提供两个班，12小时的白班（7A-7P）和12小时的夜班（7P-7A）。一般选定后不用翻班。加班则完全建立在自愿的基础上。并有50％的加班费。

由于事先和中介签订的合同是订好的工资，所以我当然是选择白班不加班咯。

一般7点的班是提前15分钟交班的。每个护士有5－6个病人，交班时就是日班护士拿着自己的assignment找负责该病人的夜半护士。交班像国内医生写的病史一样，入院原因，诊断，本次发病表现，症状，家族史，既往史，用药史，过敏史，心理状况。已做检查，异常实验室数值。待做检查。护理评估等等。只要你想得出的都要交，语速飞快。刚开始听不懂又不好意思问，就天天提前半小时到医院，打开电脑将自己要负责病人的病史熟悉一遍，该记的记下来，交班时就觉得容易多了，把漏了的补上就是。

一般交班班后把东西整理一下就开始了晨间发药及护理评估（NURSING ASSESSMENT）。而国内由护士做的晨间护理如铺床，测血糖，清洁，病人翻身等在美国都是由下一级的护理员完成。当然，如果护士不是很忙也会去帮忙做一点。
第一次挂个听诊器药听心肺还真不习惯。这在国内可从来不是护士做的事呀。甚么湿锣音干锣音，心脏murmur等(抱歉，这个忘记中文是甚么了)我根本分不清。吃一堑长一智，这次我是不说我这个不会了，免得又被医院借机踢回去。可实在听不出来怎么办呢？刚开始的时候就只有新病人抄医生记录，老病人抄夜班护理记录了。然后下班跑到图书馆去，借了几盘相关的磁带和书临时恶补，总算到几个星期后不用再抄，大致自己能分得清楚了。至于其他的就简单的多，医院里有张表，你对着一项一项做下来再相应的打勾勾就行了。

发药，一般交班的时候护理员就会把病人的血糖测好。护士根据每个病人不同的胰岛素公式（由医生制定）打相应品牌（短，中，长效）和剂量的胰岛素。并要求由两位RN核对。这边医院很好玩，发药有一个随身携带的掌上电脑。发药的时候先扫自己的工号，再点击病人名字，就会出现当时应吃/打的药了。然后你再把一包包的药扫一编（药房都用一个个小纸袋装好了，条形码上存有药名和剂量）。这样子可以避免发错药或者剂量。最后再扫一下病人手腕上的识别带就好了。在这种先进的装备下，一个个环节都丝丝相扣，就算想发错药都难。

不过第一次发药还是出现过一些小问题。这边美国病人自我保护意识相当的强。会拿出药杯里的每一粒药问你是甚么。虽然俺PASS了护士考试，可记的都是化学名（因为有词根，很容易记忆，方便归类）。但是这边的病人说的都是化学名。结果闹的谁也不清楚谁，病人拒绝服药。俺没办法，只好把老墨带教找来，让他解释给病人听。俺老墨带教很好，过了没几天塞给我一张纸，列着常用的药物通用名和商品名，都是他自己整理的。（到现在我还很感激他，教了我很多东西）

众所周知，美国的HIV很多。所以很多人觉得在美国做护士很危险。其实不然。美国的医院是实行NEEDLE FREE的。如果病人需要打针，只需呼叫专门的IV TEAM，由她们负责打，并且用的是塑料的留置针。病区的护士几乎没有机会会被锐利的针头碰到。而且，病房里到处都是手套。美国医院要求你在做任何会接触到病人体液或认为有必要的情况下都带上手套。并鼓励护士按需取用一次性隔离衣/帽/口罩/眼镜等。

好，有关药物方面写得差不多了。以后想到再补充。明天的计划是写护士另外一项很重要的工作——电话。

有一次和以前的医生聊天（也是老美，不过在中国做洋大夫）说在你们美国做护士真奇怪，做临床护理的时间还没打电话写记录的时间多。护士不做基础护理，不打针，不抽血。但是一半以上的时间都花在电话、护理记录上了。结果他笑笑，说只花你一半时间算少的呢，多的时候2/3也不奇怪。

原因无他，美国是一个普法深入民心的社会，每个人都有强烈，甚至于过度的自我保护意识。而很多无良律师则做各种各样的宣传鼓励病人挑医院的错，达到谋财的目的。在美国医院上班前，医院/中介会先为护士买好保险，才允许上岗。在有些科室，特别是妇产科，会有病人几年甚至几十年以后才来告医院。所以，完善的记录是很重要的。美国有个规矩，如果你没有记录，就是没有做。法院是不会承认有做了忘记写的这种情况的。

电话。美国的医院里只有急诊医生和抢救医生。一般的医生都是在自己的诊所呆着，每天/隔天来查一次房就得了。如果要加药/改药/变更治疗方案/增加实验室检查时一般都是直接开在电脑里，不会和护士说。这就要求你至少一两个小时查一次电脑，来审核并执行医嘱了。不然如果到交班你没做完的话夜班护士有权不接你这个病人的。而正因为医生平时不在医院，这就要求护士担当起观察病情的重任。如果病人情况有变化（比如，化验异常），你得主动打电话给医生诊所，向他报告数据，并建议相应的处理方式（医生也不是神，不可能你一打电话就能想起该病人的所有情况）。如果医生同意你的建议就会给你开电话医嘱，等他下次查房时他会补签名。如果他不同意你的意见，护士就必须在记录上注明已通知医生，该医生未作处理。在特殊情况下，如果护士觉得必须做处理而医生加以否定的话，护士有权向主任医生/病区经理/医务主任/甚至于院长逐级汇报，以确定你的病人得到最妥当的治疗。在美国，护士是“Fight for Patient”，一切以病人的最高利益出发的。

而一旦发现电脑医嘱，接下来的协调工作可都是护士做的。传呼“IV Team”(打针的)，“Phlebotomy”（抽血的），药房。打电话给化验室/各类功能检查室(CT,MRI,etc)了解最新化验数据，都是你的事。

护士的生活水平应该属于中等偏上吧。

但具体拿多少还得看你在什么州，学历，以及工作经验。以及你是直接受医院聘用还是中介雇佣。一般受医院雇佣的话工作稳定，钱少一些。受中介雇佣钱多，但是属于哪儿忙扔哪儿的性质，不保证工作在同一科室，甚至同一医院。先说医院雇佣吧，

一般加州比较多，刚毕业拿到执照的RN能有28－30吧。 8小时以后有50％的加班费。周末，超时（40小时以上），夜班还有相应的补贴。

在亚特兰大不算高，刚毕业20－23一小时，8小时以后无加班费。周末，超时（40小时以上），夜班有相应的补贴。

再说中介吧，一般他们发的广告上写的是13周，每周40小时，然后工资是20，000美金（总计）。如果愿意加班后跟多一点。但是一般只有特别忙或者招不到护士的医院才会请中介护士，所以忙是一定的。还要求你的适应能力特别强，扔哪里都能干活。（俺比较图安稳，没做过这种护士）

我老公博士毕业在学校做博士后的工资平均下来是21美金一小时。

所以个人觉得护士收入还是很不错的

当然，如果你能念到硕士、博士的话收入就是往上翻倍的。不过也有缺点，万一医院要裁员就先裁你。叫“Higher Education, Less Job”.美国的医院护理模式是呈金字塔行的，需要最多的是临床的大专、本科护士。

我在网上看到的一篇文章，看了好郁闷呢！
2007-04-28 | 转网友评论---另一位美国护士的感想感谢这位同行光顾我们的博客,并且留下更加真实的看法和观点,而且是让大家从不同角度来理解美国.

全文连接如下:

现在我常感到很迷惘，在加州做了一年的护士，发现离我来美国之前的梦想越来越远了。我不知道我还能在这一行撑多久，尽管我曾经魂系梦牵地想成为一个RN，尤其在当我几乎付不出房费的时候。可是我最近常自问这是不是我这辈子的职业了？周围有一要好的朋友常开导我要趁年轻，多拼命工作找钱才对，整天窝在家里是浪费时间。凭良心说，我现在2周只上7天班，剩下7天不是在家睡觉就是出外逛街（只是做EYE SHOPPING 不花钱的那种），并不是太辛苦，但是我找不出多多上班的动力。我鄙视我这个朋友，她老公一周上5天班（60小时），她和我上班的时间倒一样多。完了每个月她便最爱更我说“我和我老公上个月税前收入有1万5千块呀。。”，我倒想回学校去读书，可是却看不出做NURSING的，书读到博士/硕士和我现在只有大专文凭有什么太大的不同，尤其是还在做床边护理的话。中国人如果不是讲得一口流利的英文的话，很难做到管理层。可是如果不回去读书，我又不愿意把一辈子的时间花在一个我目前为止还不时很爱干的一个职业上，然后把辛苦赚来的钱扔到房子的MORTGAGE（贷款）上。

接着说：我就是上面那个爱做EYE SHOPPING 的人，看到有JM的留言，才发现和我有同感的人不少。真担心将来的路越走越窄。护士这行其实就是熟练工，跟当年读书时在中餐馆里做WAITRESS差不多，都是服务性行业。工作时眼快，手快，加上随着工作经验而累积起来的程序性思维（脑子里清楚走一趟下来要完成什事，和在餐馆里类似，从厨房出来就想好要能顺手带几样空餐具，回来的时候可以捎回几只脏碗，顺道瞄一眼哪张桌子可能要服务。）这几点加起来，工作一，二年后就发现每天上班都是做重复性的事，当然在确定你的病人还活着的情况下。在美国做RN真的不是太难，比如我在TELEMETRY 做，我觉得比在一般的MEDSURG病房安全，因为一旦病人心跳异常，马上就能知道。当然做ICU护士可能难度稍大，而且不是每个人都适合。BZ说的对，在加州，一个有5年以上工作经验的MEDSURG 护士（不需要ICU经验）不需要拼命，一周多上一天班（2周上8天）就可以拿到10万美金。可是如果对这一行不热爱的话，真的很难撑下去。尤其是在得不到病人和家属尊重的时候。很多时候我都在问自己后不后悔。每天上班累不算，还常被病人或家属的态度言词气得一愣愣的。其实在美国做护士我感觉除了经济价值比国内的护士强以外，社会地位是差不多了（属于教师那一类）。当然国人可能处理医疗纠纷的方式稍显火爆。可是美国人也不是善茬呀。很多时候我们由于语言表达能力不够强，无法把问题简单化，反而是升级化，你还必须顺着病人的要求，万不可回嘴。否则现在的病人（护士们戏称：被美国政府福利政策宠坏了的病人）会说：“把你的SUPERVISOR 或者是ADMINISTRATOR的电话给我。”遇到这样的情况，心里真是窝火呀。

继续发言：美国的医院也很重视顾客服务，如果不是太严重的病人的无理取闹，医院一般是很少站在护士或者自己员工这边的，除非他们会预见到如果再不出手会导致员工去法院告医院。现在90%以上的医院都依靠从国家和州政府拿医疗费的补偿，所以凡是有国家和州政府保险的病人都是医院的香饽饽，他们不会得罪病人。相反，护士是自己的员工，好好管理就是了。有时候受不了了，跑去找CHARGE NURSE 或者MANAGER 抱怨一通，她们会和你讲一通大道理：你知道你的工作对病人，以及对我们医院是有多么重要啦，我们医院和社区将会对你的工作是如何如何感激之类云云。然后你就继续回去上班，第二天THE SAME THING HAPPENS OVER AND OVER AGAIN。不过相当有耐心的护士还是有，但是少。常常我在旁观察我的美国同事是如何挡驾病人的。最后得出的结论是：既要显得耐心，但更重要的是要表现得相当坚定，要能够传递给病人一个信息（当然不能直接说白），那就是-你的问题我已尽量回答你，但是我只是一个护士，有些问题必须由你的医生来回答，如果现有的我给你的答案你不满意，我可以PAGE你的医生，至于他什么时候回电，或到病房查房，我没办法控制。做为病人你必须耐心，因为世界不是围着你转。你可以要求，但是我不会每隔20分钟就为你CALL 医生，否则最后被医生狂骂的人是我，不是你。美国同事说这些话的时候，几乎不费吹灰之力。而且效果总是奇好。反正他们的母语就是英语，美国人从小就被训练做演讲，在这种情况下多数可以说的滴水不漏。病人知道不可再无理取闹，但是也找不出打电话告到管理层的理由。可是对于我辈20多岁才来美国的人来说，要把意思如此这般表达出来，还是需要多多操练呀。当然我现在还在学习中。

还有：我是有过“切肤之痛”的，记得刚上班，护理过一个病人，我自认是负责的，我前后管过那个病人5天，几乎所有的会诊医生都是我负责CALL 和与他们沟通的，并且我也发现病人很多问题并及时汇报给医生，而且也为此做了检查。结果某一天，因为没有耐心回答家属关于“为什么某某医生还没来”的问题（在他们连续6次CALL 我进病房为同一个问题后），最后导致被他们告到我的CHARGE NURSE 那里，说我耍态度，根本不管病人之类的。从那之后，我终于意识到，假如无论怎样做不能令某个病人满意的话，就少做多说（这是美国护士最擅长，而中国护士最不擅长的，我们中国护士多数是很勤快，但是不能和病人沟通，令他们觉得他们没有受到足够的重视和被倾听），最好如果没事也不要进那个病人的病房，这样一来大家HAPPY。我不是在试图回避问题，可是如果一个人不会感激别人对他的照顾，那么对我最好的办法就是减少学会用美国人的方式来减少冲突。遗憾的是有为数不少的美国病人都是这一类的人。所以这种常发生的沮丧状况也是令我对NURSING丧失兴趣的另一个原因。

再有：我不知道我是不是悲观主义者，但至少是现实主义者。在美国医疗**工作虽不长，但是看到我们纳税人的钱就这样被滥用到很多病人身上的时候，我是常有股寒意从背脊升起的。对比我的祖国还有那么多没钱看病，或者一时缴不出住院押金就被扔在医院门外等死的同胞，我心里是五味杂呈。我还不是美国公民，应该没有资格对别人的医疗保障体系说三道四。但是我也在纳税，我一张PAYCHECK帐面上是2400多，扣掉各种杂税和只有5%的403B，最后拿到手的只有1600块。然后我们平时去买东西还要再付7。25-8%的购物税。我很赞同美国的一项法律：任何人都应该享有同等的医疗照顾，不论贫者或富人。任何人在到ER看病，不论他/她有没有保险或者合法身份，都应该得到立即和必要的医疗照顾。但是很多时候，现在的有限的医疗资源并没有被合理分配，医疗资源常被重复地浪费在同一个患者身上，尤其是当这个病人并不合作，并不感激他正在享有的照顾。也许这是发达国家的通病。我尽量告诉自己不要有种族偏见。但是我所见很难令我没有偏见。我在的TELEMETRY，开一张病加上心电监护，就让病人躺在上面24小时，没有医生，护士，不吃药。医院会向保险公司收费2千美金。（一点不假，我2006年圣诞夜，吃海鲜过敏，上吐下泻，嘴肿，手脚肿并伴皮疹，打911 被送到就近医院ER。在ER呆了不到4小时，中间打过2种药，医生只看过我10分钟。医院后来收费963刀，医生收361刀，以及911救护车收554刀。老公后来嘲笑我说，花了2000刀做了一趟呜呜呜（救护车）够贵的，不过911 来得真快，从我打电话到看到他们停到我住的地方，真的只花了5分钟。）

话扯远了，说到被滥用的问题。我上周末管的一个非裔美国人，次人非常DEMANDING。糖尿病，肾衰，每周一三五固定洗肾，右下肢截肢，阴囊褥疮不能分级。照样一天2次摇轮椅下楼吸烟。我试图教育他停止抽烟，因为他可能会再有截肢。他坚持认为我在命令他而拒绝，并且我和他之间在某一天最常发生的一句对话是“NO CONVERSATION，PERIOD。”（病人说：不要和我谈话，完了，句号。）我真是又气又好笑，我真是皇帝不及太监急。然后他要求我的CNA给他洗澡，他说，你不知道你们应该每天都给我洗淋浴吗？我是不会自己给他洗的，我让我的CNA洗，但是我在旁换伤口纱布。此人就懒洋洋的把手一抬，让CNA给他搽洗腋下。我看不惯，就说他，你如果能动应该自己洗呀，否则你上肢的功能也会丧失。他说，I PAY IT，我付钱让你们做的。我当时真想回他，以他以前靠做保安的微薄工资所交的税，在他生病的这些年，恐怕早就不够支付他所享受的待遇了。此人只有64岁。更好笑的是他的好好医生，居然在医嘱上写明：OK 让病人离开病房抽烟。类似这种例子太多了。LA 市中心有家医院，我就不点名了。我曾经有过个病人，同样种族男性，HIV 晚期，肛门溃烂，每次他上厕所，地上马桶上都是血，跟刚生了孩子一样。医院对这些病人可是好茶好饭的款待呀。一次他对我说，去给我拿6包白糖，我说是6包，不能多也不能少，没有糖我不能喝咖啡。那家医院收治很多无家可归的人，而对这些人来说，医院无意是7星级宾馆。总之，其它族裔的病人也存在这种现象。一句话，都是被惯坏的。有时就想，假如我把美国当做第二故乡，我努力工作认真交税，那么40年后我退休，我是不是还能享有最起码的医疗照顾呢？我把我的一生都奉献给了别人，当我需要被照顾的时候，还有没有人来TAKE CARE 我呢？要知道现在的社会保障制度体系已经快破产了。读书的时候，社会学上说，1930年代当SOCIAL SECURITY 被提出的时候，当时是16个工作的人来养活1个退休的人，如果制度还不改革，大概到了2016年左右，就变成2个工作的人养活一个老人了。但愿这也都是社会学家的危言耸听，但愿现在的政治家能有新的改革方案。也但愿是我自己杞人忧天。还是多外出做做EYE SHOPPING 的好呀。

哈，真不错！有人帮我贴！

其实这篇文章写得很真实。不过作者可能不喜欢护士这个行当或者刚来美国不久还没过“culture shock”

无论你在甚么地方，不热爱一份工作是永远做不好的。或者，你可以不热爱这份工作，但一定不能讨厌。（偶当时是从来没想过做护士的，只不过中考失利误打误撞地进了护校，也谈不上热爱）

同样，不管在甚么地方工作，都会有比较友好和仇视的人存在。你无法要求你说遇见所有的人都对你笑脸相迎态度友善。也不能期待所有的付出都会有等价的回报。

或者，你发现受了委屈而领导只是不清不重的安慰几句。可是，你能要办她们怎么办呢？把病人骂一顿还是赶出医院？其实，如果真的病人很过分对护士不尊重，你完全可以打电话叫医院保安来的。偶叫过，是一个糖尿病的homeless,有c-diff（一种可接触传染的疾病）还老是不穿隔离衣就溜出医院吸烟。在医院，病人不保重自己的健康没关系，但是如果其行为影响他人的健康则护士完全有权力阻止。病人若拒不接受可上报医生让其强制出院。

我相信国内的每家医院也都存在着或大或小的不公正。自我感觉这边还是比国内好一点。至少，属于付出和收获还是成一定比例的

不偏题了。有问题大家问。明天想写美国医院的操作考。大家觉得怎么样？

继续写。

注册了个用户名，是俺英文名的译音。

俺在国内自护校开始操作考就是老师的重点监视对象，在医院上班时更是不说每次嘛60％以上的时间都要重考的。没办法，俺考试老是忘记那种口述的“洗手，带口罩，备齐治疗盘用物，擦治疗盘，治疗台，治疗车”之类的，不是忘这就是忘那，东扣西扣就不及格了。我的奖金就这么泡汤的～～～呜呜呜

那次进科室不久，正好赶上科室的年度“护理操作大比武”（就是人人必须参加并通过的那种）俺带教二话没说，也没问过我会不会，就带着我冲到了模拟教师。

进去一看监考的胸牌，把我吓出一身冷汗。这一个个不是护士长就是护理部的主干，还有那些主管护士教育的。我这半吊子水丢人可丢到美利坚了。只能硬着头皮上吧。

走进了每个“摊位”才发现，原来这边考试特好玩，先给你示范一编，你再做一遍给她看就可以了。只要关键动作不错就过了。万一忘了哪一步还会很耐心的给你提示。转了一圈以后全部顺利过关。不过，好像偶还没有看到过不了的。反正一遍不行两遍三遍呗，每人给你脸色看，也不扣钱。

美国也有理论考。一般会有老师先给你发一堆材料然后讲一遍。然后大家开卷考一考。

不过最搞笑的是这边的护理查房。有时候护理部也会派人下病房问诸如国内“输血注意事项，灭火器的使用”子类的问题。一般护理部在新护士如院时的培训就会发关于这方面的小卡片。如果问到你只需掏出卡片念一遍给她听就可以了。

美国人的概念是，要你记住所有的东西是不可能的，护士长的是人脑而不是电脑。但是，护士一定要知道万一碰到情况该如何最快的找到应对的方法。这也许就是美国病房内的“reference”利用率很高，而国内大多是摆样子的原因吧。

所以当我在“med-surg”工作的时候，虽然内外科的病人都得收，但是并不会有无从下手的感觉。不熟悉病因，不知道如何护理，用电脑查查，翻翻书就得了。不懂再问护士长呗。没有人会怪你不懂而临阵磨枪。大家觉得这都是很正常的。

律师的答疑－关于绿卡流程

2008-08-01T09:26:00.000-07:00

这几天了解了一下，律师说考过nclex－rn后医院可以先同意在未来雇佣你，先签署合同，但你没有工卡绝对不能上班，要等多久取决你何时能拿到合法的工作许可（工卡）。

流程是这样
只要有医院愿意雇佣你，你就可以准备材料，请律师递交I140职业移民申请表格（需要什么材料论坛里都有），等有名额时，提交I485调整身份表格和工卡申请表I765，只要开放名额情况下，工卡3个月下来，那时就可以再联系该医院上班。
没有名额一般只能干等或是先“找其他事情做”，人在美国的可以考虑用这个时间先养小孩，那就是个美国公民了，以备后用。。。

美国毕业的大学生有实习opt，可以申请到临时工卡，中介就很喜欢联系他们，因为他们不用考雅思就可以拿visascreen，而且可以马上上班。顺便注意美国大学的医学或是护士专业一般不接受国外学校转过来的学分。大学按学分收钱，根据学校不同学分180－500美金不等，副学士毕业约需要2年半到3年，修完60个左右学分毕业，本科4年，需要120左右学分毕业。存款证明准备是学费加上住宿费等乘以2来准备。国际学生每学期必须修12个学分或相当于12个学分的课才可以维持有效身份。校外不可打工。校内打工20小时每周。
住学校宿舍很贵，一般900美金一个月，住校外从300－500美金不等，一般如果是300美金一个月的，便宜，但房间很小或是地下室，比较便宜但很潮湿，时间长对关节不好，一般很多人找人一起租，也就是600美金合租一个房间，一个人300，这样至少房间像样，不过要找个合得来得也不容易。一般单租一个房间的要和其他房客share厕所和厨房。基本开销就是房租，交通费，纽约最多也就是地铁月卡81美金，食物的费用100美金算很多了。KFC或是盒饭一顿也就是5美金左右。自己煮更节省一点。

目前主要困难有2个，1是很多中介和医院要求你已经拿到visascreen，也就是说要通过英语，并且拿到visascreen才会有大的中介理你，帮你联系医院，自己找医院也可以，但是没有美国工作经验又很困难，尤其大城市毕业生护士多他们还是可以挑挑捡捡的，很多医院干脆只接受有绿卡的护士。

2是名额现在是2003年的3月22日，什么时候会有名额谁也不知道。
这个时间的意思是如果你是2008年考过的护士，你还不能递交I485表格和工卡申请1765表，
要等名额显示是c，也就是目前有名额是才能递交，你才能等3个月左右拿到工卡。
目前有些护士是老公申请H签证，一起拿到工卡，或是美国大学opt申请到临时工卡，才能先工作，或是本身亲属移民到美国就是绿卡。
名额在美国移民局网站上可以查，护士是属于A大类，EB3，中国大陆，是根据出生地来算，而不是国籍。
http://travel.state.gov/visa/frvi/bulletin/bulletin_4231.html
一般移民局提前一个月发消息，下个月的这个时间大约有1周时间提交各类表格。每份表格又要准备哪些材料最好事前准备，以免措手不及。

如果是旅游探亲签证可以到美国，缺点是没有工卡，可以找到医院签合同，但还不能上班。
优点是如果一旦人在美国期间有名额，马上就可以请律师交表格。如果不能工作就是说在美国的这段时间的花费要有预算，工作的话只可能打黑工。
反过来如果你在国内等，至少以后到美国你可以说你有多少年的工作经验，有些医院也是喜欢的，例如，同样2个毕业生，一个毕业后在中国，工作1年后拿到中国护士证，工作4年后到美国，还有一个学生签证，一毕业到美国，没有中国护士证，等待名额期间自己负担所有费用，但是每天去学校学英文，相比前一个，没有一点实际工作经验，到底哪种这里的医院更欢迎，也没有统一标准，所以是各有利弊，大家自己谨慎选择。

律师的回信－有问题咨询

2008-08-01T09:24:00.001-07:00

请问我的朋友是从大陆来美国的护士，现在是F1身份在语言学校，如果她通过考试后拿到visascreen证书，但是没有opt，会有医院愿意sponsor她吗？这种情况下没有工卡，能直接找医院的工作吗？还是要等到I485 以后。。请教。。

It's possible that some prospective employers may sponsor the Schedule A (RN) immigrant petition for one who does not have OPT or other EAD yet, because the job offer can be for a future position, but your friend will have to wait till I-485 becomes viable (meaning, when there is visa number for an RN). Currently, we still don't have good news.

Regards,

SHENLAW, LLC
Counselors at Law
(212) 488-6888, (718) 888-1006
http://shenlaw.com
info@shenlaw.com

如何将简历发到美国

2008-08-01T09:22:00.001-07:00

简历,比如说MONSTER.COM,,hotnursejobs.com,hotjobs.yahoo.com,www.nurs
: e-recruiter.com!
还有面试注意事项,怎么样和雇主谈条件,另外就是可以互相通通信息,比如说这个OFFER到底是不是平均水平,或者是低于平均水平,就怕有的医院利用咱们需要办绿卡来卡咱们!
象我知道有的加洲的医院一去就给一万的SIGN-ON BONUS,
: 那么如果咱们去只给咱5000就是欺负咱了啊!还有有的医院虽然给办绿卡,但是办绿卡的
钱要自己出,而不是医院出,有的医院是给出这个钱的!还有就是工资了,听朋友说RECRUITER
: 给我的工资似乎有点低了.在LA ICU一般要pay 到28 到30. 还有什么BENEFITS之类的东
东
: !一般大一点儿的医院都能办绿卡，只要是ＨＯＳＰＩＴＡＬ（不是ＣＬＩＮＩＣＡＬ
或者ＮＵＲＳＩＮＧ　ＨＯＭＥ）关键是他们肯不肯．一般面试时别提办ＧＣ的事，等到
最后关头，再提出来.其实大家只要毕业之前半年应该就可以发简历,准备找工作了,按这
个标准,了!
: "关于工作部门，一句话：新来的，又是外国人，别想有轻省的活．至少熬一年到两年
，才能出头" -- 这点完全可以理解。刚去也得把英语搞熟了，看得懂大夫的字。感觉护
士可能不象医生，一旦从事某个专业，便以后不变了。护士可能还能将来换个科室!
: 其实找医院也是很有学问的，如果都给办绿卡的话。
: 一种是公立医院，象houston－bantaub，有这么一句话，如果你有bantaub的工作经
: 验，那德州所有的医院都欢迎你，无需面试，直接谈工资待遇。这所医院每天收治
: 大量的无保险病人，能在这工作一年以上的护士，个个身手不凡。
: 一种是综合医院，象memorial hermann，还有专科医院，待遇最好，anderson 癌症中
心但技术太专一不利以后发展。1.如果是医生有医学学士学位，而且今后还要考医生执
照的,就去公立或私立的综合医院吧，今后考step123的话，有时间学习又不太累。
: 2.如果没有bachelor of midicine的话，但是还想以后进一步深造的,去公立无保险医
院
: 最好，给msn付学费，长经验值，到时跳槽方便。一般来说每个大城市都有1～2个这样
的政府出钱的医院，收medcare，medcad，无保险的，等等，如果你拨911，首先就给你拉
到这样的医院，然后你说我有钱，再给你转到私立医院。这样的医院只要你稍有好转，立
即安排你出院，所谓治死不治活。病房病人多，实习医生手术时敢下手，护士忙死忙活根
本不用care病人，到私立大医院你可不敢。一般大城市有，小城市我不知道。 3.没有太
多想法的，去待遇好工作轻松的专科医院最好，象cancer center hospital。
: 还有办绿卡也得分成医院给出钱出律师办还有医院出材料但是得自己出钱办绿卡，而且
有的医院还可以给你报销读护士其间的学费！其实那些护士中介机构都是他们帮你们出钱
请律师办绿卡,就这样他们照样有赚,他们推荐一个人到医院他们要收6000刀!所以大家一
定要好好斟作找工作的事情啊！
: First of all, I think you should dress up with a navy blue suit.
: Second, the questions the nursing recruiters ask usually not related to
: clinical skills. But they probably ask you about what you did on your
clinical
: rotation. And ask some questions about your personality, why you become a
: nurse? How did you solve the problem when you encounter the difficulties?
Give
: an example etc..
:
: If you can ask for help from Coop- career service from your school, that
will
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:

如何检验护士中介

2008-08-01T09:19:00.000-07:00

对于整个出国计划都要谨慎选择，各个细节都要在出国前弄清楚，举例来说中介省略最重要的步骤，就像介绍你去赌场的人，他不会说你会输，只会说坚持你就有可能会赢。你要做的就是把潜在问题都挖掘出来。提前做好准备。

常见的中介广告说，护士毕业，考过RN，全家移民美国。

那我们就是要把这个广告展开看，把细节问题挖掘出来，就有好多步骤要准备，有很多环节都会出现问题。
看看从0开始准备的话会有什么麻烦的地方。

例如自己办理F1学生签证先出国，在国外考RN，看看都有哪些细节。
1。准备护照。带户口本，拍照片。交钱。等。同时拍不同规格的签证照5乘以5。
2。锁定国外学校。写email要报名表。收到表格。按照表格准备材料。成绩单，去学校教务科办理，中英文，没法翻译就去公证处，可以中英文翻译。交钱。等。银行存款证明，30－50万，放在自己名下。去医院人事科，开证明，工资证明。成绩单，毕业证，存款证明复印件寄到美国学校。学校寄I20表给给你。去美国驻中国领事馆网页，按要求下载表格，交钱，在中信实业银行买特别电话卡，预约签证时间。带所有表格，准备签证。
上网看如果回答签证官问题。
3 签证通过。买机票，赴美，报到。
4CGFNS,报名。
例如纽约州。寄表格，付钱。等。等。等。（6－12个月）
学校成绩单，中英文，注意学时数。尤其精神科实习，社区护理实习。
没有相关科目解决办法 1和学校商量2找医院补修3到美国补修。
通过审核
5寄表格到州护士局。付钱。等。等。等。（3－9个月）。通过审核。
6收到准考证ATT。报名。付钱。考RN。通过。（时间不等）
7找医院，中介。说需要visascreen先，那继续考英文。通过托福。
申请visascreen。，付钱。等等等。拿到证书。（时间不等）
8找中介找到医院，签约先。递交I140，等名额，等等等等等。递交I485，I765，拿到工卡。
去医院上班。I140要准备的所有文件包括自己的和雇主提供的。详见论坛专贴。（时间不等）
9绿卡面试，给visasreen。（时间不等）
10基本大功告成。

很多年轻人到美国都想要申请大学的护士专业，也就是英文所说的Nursing，因为几乎每个人都说护士可以在美国申请到绿卡，可以赚年薪6万，那为什么有人说简单，有人说复杂，这其中究竟有什么诀窍呢？
那么下面整个介绍一下在美国做护士的步骤，以及申请绿卡的条件。
这篇文章会介绍几个部分的内容，
包括：
1 申请护士职业移民最基本的条件和优点。
2国内护士专业毕业，人在美国，或人不在美国，如何申请美国大学的护士专业或申请护士执照考试和如何进行职业规划。
3国内高中毕业，有高中毕业文凭，人在美国，如何申请美国大学的护士专业。
4国内大专或本科毕业（非护士专业），有高中和大学文凭，如何申请美国大学的护士专业。
5 已经有身份（有绿卡或是美国公民），但是想申请护士专业，如何申请美国大学的护士专业。
6 通过考试后，取得美国护士执照，通过托福考试后，如何找医院面试谈判，如何找律师递交移民申请，如何关注职业移民配额，最终申请绿卡。
7 注册护士考试的英文名称和考试内容，那里可以买参考书，网上有哪些资源。
8 申请过程中常见的困难和困扰有那些
9 托福考试的复习与报考准备
10 附录护士注册考纲和举例词汇

那我们现在就分别介绍一下，一下各情况均以纽约州为例，注意各州情况不同。
1 申请护士职业移民最基本的条件和优点。

必须在自己国家或在美国护士学校毕业，通过美国护士注册执照考试NCLEX-RN，并通过托福考试ibt－toefl（达到总分83分，口语分数必须同时26分），或通过雅思考试A类（总分6.5分，口语分数7分）。另外还要一份以后递交给移民局官员用的VisaScreen证书。这份证书是通过向CGFNS递交申请后获得的。申请过程是：提交你的2个考试全部通过的证明（美国护士考试，托福或雅思考试），并交400美元左右申请费，注意，只有当2个考试同时通过时，才能申请到VisaScreen证书。（除非你是在美国等说英语的国家完成全部阶段的护士学习的，你不需要递交英语成绩，因为这是对于教科书不是英语的国家的护士的限制要求。）
还有一些细节上的严格要求，会在文章最后部分再提醒大家，记住，如果缺少其中某一点，会造成你前功尽弃。
所以，先总结一下，申请护士职业移民前，你必须要有美国注册护士RN执照，有合格的英语成绩，有visaScreen证书，这样你才能开始找愿意帮你办身份的医院，由医院的律师或你的律师接收你的材料，在移民局当年还有护士移民名额的前提下，向移民局递交你的护士职业移民申请。
护士执照－英语成绩－visaScreen证书－找愿意办身份的医院－找律师－等待移民配额－交钱，递交护士职业移民申请
护士职业移民优点：你递交申请的时候，你的配偶和未满21岁的小孩可以和你一起申请到绿卡。无须通过劳工局，比其他移民过程简单。薪水高，工作时间随意，典型的工作时间是每周三天班，每班12个小时，年薪起薪6万美金。

2 国内护士专业毕业，人在美国，或人不在美国，如何申请美国大学的护士专业或申请护士执照考试和如何进行职业规划。
对于人在纽约的，以前是护士专业的人，并且想要在纽约州内做护士的，你可以直接申请NCEX-RN考试，也就是说美国政府允许外国护士通过审核后，直接申请参加美国纽约州注册护士考试。这家政府审核机构在美国费城，也就是前面提到的CGFNS，它专门对在美国以外接受过护理教育或其他专业的医务人员进行审核，通过审核的人才能申请准考证，参加考试，具体审核的过程和内容是这样的：
首先，讲考试资格的申请。你要去审核机构的网上下载报名表（纽约州护士审核表，并交钱）。网址：http://www.cgfns.org，然后点击纽约州的表格链接：“Credential Verification Service for New York State”，注册一下，下载申请表和申请手册，如果英文不好，建议你找律师办理，因为一旦添错或是漏寄文件，你的申请会被搁置很久。注册后交钱，网上用信用卡支付比较快，也可以去邮局买money order。报名费大概是300元左右，根据情况会上涨。表格里主要要填写你毕业院校的地址，国内卫生局的名称，有没有国内的护士证等等。原则上一定要有国内护士毕业证，没有国内的注册执照没有关系，因为在中国，护士是工作一年后才考的证，有的话就填，没有的话，就不要填，没有关系。但是有一点要注意，假如你填的话，一点要确保，你的学校还在，或者你的档案管理部门能够出示你的成绩单（中英文），中国执照证明（中英文），因为有些护士年纪比较大，毕业年份比较早，有些学校已经关了，这样就比较麻烦，因为审核的主要内容，就是CGFNS会寄一份认证信去你学校，你的卫生局，索要你的中英文成绩单，你的学校要有专人负责帮你接收这封信，负责填好，放入你的成绩单，经办人签名，再寄回费城的这家机构。如果，你的学校没有了，也找不到档案管理部门，你的申请就无效了，钱也浪费了，这样只能去美国大学继续深造，才能解决这个问题，我们后面会提到如何申请美国大学，最快的是2年半的社区大学。回到刚才的话题，当费城的CGFNS收到你的全部信件后，它会需要1－2个月的时间审核你的资料，它会通过它的官方方法调查你的成绩单学校的情况，最后如果通过审核，你就会收到一封信，祝贺你通过审核，然后告诉你如何继续下一步准考证的申请。整个过程，大概3个月到1年不等。原因在最后会分析。
刚才讲到的都是第一步，考试资格的申请。现在讲第二步，纽约州护士准考证的申请，你必须到纽约州护士局的网站，同样，下载准考证申请表，也是交钱，大概200美金左右，到google用英文搜索纽约护士局，就可以找到，再进入申请的那个网页下载就可以。同样寄出表格和付钱后，纽约州护士局会给你发信，说大概需要1－3个月告诉你他们的护士局教育部门审核结果，他们主要是审查你的成绩单，各科成绩学时是否符合要求等等。通过以后，他们会发信或电话，或电邮通知你，你通过教育部门的审查了，然后告诉你如何去考试中心的网站报名考试。
现在讲第三步，到考试中心的网站报名。网址：http://www.vue.com/nclex/
先要注册，然后在线信用卡付报名费。大概200元，付钱后会收到email收据，然后大概1周内护士局的人会通知你，收到你的报名费了，准考证已经发出，注意，他们是用email发给你的，PDF文件，一般准考证上会有一个为期3个月的时间段，这时，你再进入考试中心网站登陆后，就可以注册具体那天考试了，你可以自己选择考试时间和考点，记得准考证要打印出来。
最后需要补充一点，在你填写纽约州护士局那份表格的时候，它会要求你同时递交一份网上考试的成绩，以下是如何参加这个考试：
这个考试内容是Child Abuse，也就是儿童虐待，是针对纽约州每个护士的要求，考试的方式是网上阅读一份材料，付20美金，在线考试，一共有2次机会，如果没通过，就要再付20元，重新考试。一共是几十个章节，大概考20道选择题，做对80％就算通过。然后你能进入一个页面，让你在线打印出通过证书，所以要有打印机哦，把证书一起寄给纽约州护士局就可以了。因为有些护士也被索要毕业文凭和中国护士执照的中英文翻译公证件，所以，如果你有的话，干脆一起寄给它，如果等它问你要，只要又要拖1个星期的时间。
这样，整个申请过程就算完成了。
参加考试的那天就带打印出来的准考证，护照或身份证明，准时到考点就可以了。考好以后，2天后就可以在线付7元查到成绩。如果没有通过，要等45天，才能再报名，直接到考试中心网站报名付200元就可以了，剩下的和前面一样。
接下来，我们讲
3国内高中毕业，有高中毕业文凭，人在美国，如何申请美国大学的护士专业和如何进行职业规划。
如果你想申请大学，分几种，4年名牌大学，2年半社区大学，4年普通大学，完成2年半再转学去4年的学校。
如果想尽快拿绿卡，当然2年半社区大学是最快的，但也有缺点。
优点：托福成绩要求不高，50分以上就可以，可以申请纽约市立系统的一些学校。具体学校到这里查：www.cuny.com,报名表到里面提到的大学拿。其他的优点是学费便宜。180到360美元每学分，2年半你必须念满60个学分才能毕业。
缺点：你要有很好的高中成绩，合格的托福成绩，才有可能被社区大学录取，因为本地很多美国人申请社区学校，而护士专业属于绝对热门，他们必须在满足本地学生的情况下，才会择优录取I20学生。另外的缺点，上课期间虽然学校官方要求是到C以上的成绩，但是实际情况你必须先通过大学入学考试ACT，通过阅读数学和写作，才能进入第一阶段的4门课的学习，实际情况，亚洲学生必须每门功课拿到A，才有可能和本地学生竞争进入下一轮，第二阶段的学习。大概只有20％的人能进入第二阶段的学习，并且护士专业的科目不可以重修，所以你只有一次机会。第一阶段课程包括英语，社会学，心理学，和微生物学。F1学生必须每个学期修满12个学分，大概就是4－5门课。对于中国学生来讲，负担还是很重的。当然如果你2年半里成绩好，你也可以继续申请4年的学校，把学分转过去，例如你原先在QCC上课，2年半毕业后，可以申请Hunter，把他们承认的学分转过去，在Hunter继续念，完成4年学习，毕业拿本科文凭。每个学校承认的学分学校不一样，打算转学前一定要咨询清楚。
如果你想2年半一毕业就工作，那么你就可以到纽约州护士局下载报名表，付钱，报名。（剩下和上面一样：纽约州护士局会给你发信，说大概需要1－3个月告诉你他们的护士局教育部门审核结果，他们主要是审查你的成绩单，各科成绩学时是否符合要求等等。通过以后，他们会发信或电话，或电邮通知你，你通过教育部门的审查了，然后告诉你如何去考试中心的网站报名考试。
现在讲第三步，到考试中心的网站报名。网址：http://www.vue.com/nclex/
先要注册，然后在线信用卡付报名费。大概200元，付钱后会收到email收据，然后大概1周内护士局的人会通知你，收到你的报名费了，准考证已经发出，注意，他们是用email发给你的，PDF文件，一般准考证上会有一个为期3个月的时间段，这时，你再进入考试中心网站登陆后，就可以注册具体那天考试了，你可以自己选择考试时间和考点，记得准考证要打印出来。
最后需要补充一点，在你填写纽约州护士局那份表格的时候，它会要求你同时递交一份网上考试的成绩，以下是如何参加这个考试：
这个考试内容是Child Abuse，也就是儿童虐待，是针对纽约州每个护士的要求，考试的方式是网上阅读一份材料，付20美金，在线考试，一共有2次机会，如果没通过，就要再付20元，重新考试。一共是几十个章节，大概考20道选择题，做对80％就算通过。然后你能进入一个页面，让你在线打印出通过证书，所以要有打印机哦，把证书一起寄给纽约州护士局就可以了。因为有些护士也被索要毕业文凭和中国护士执照的中英文翻译公证件，所以，如果你有的话，干脆一起寄给它，如果等它问你要，只要又要拖1个星期的时间。
这样，整个申请过程就算完成了。
参加考试的那天就带打印出来的准考证，护照或身份证明，准时到考点就可以了。考好以后，2天后就可以在线付7元查到成绩。如果没有通过，要等45天，才能再报名，直接到考试中心网站报名付200元就可以了，剩下的和前面一样。）
接下来，讲：
4国内大专或本科毕业（非护士专业），有高中和大学文凭，如何申请美国大学的护士专业和如何进行职业规划。
到你想去的大学的网站，找到国际学生部email，写信询问需要准备什么材料，通常要准备如下材料：国内学校成绩单、毕业证书公证过的复印件，银行出示的存款证明，准备复印件，托福成绩，出国体检，以及其他所有学校要求准备所有材料，寄回给学校，学校会寄给你I20。自己在国内，办理护照，买专门的电话卡打到领事馆预约签证时间。带好所有文件复印件，I20等去签证。到网上找一下别人签证时被问的问题。好好准备签证。拿到签证后，买机票，准备行礼。
一般2年半的或4年的，或硕士都可以申请，但是后面2个签出概率高，学校越有名，签出率越高，当然也有例外，好好练习谈吐，尽量和签证官讲英文。

接下来，讲：
5 已经有身份（有绿卡或是美国公民），但是想申请护士专业，如何申请美国大学的护士专业和如何进行职业规划。
不需要托福成绩，直接去大学领表，报名，等通知，录取后参加大学入学考试就可以，如果你在美国念的高中，就是要考过SAT。同样，2年，4年都可以选，高中成绩好是被录取的关键。起薪都一样，本科毕业的晋升机会大一些。实在喜欢念书的，也可以边工作边念书，因为有些医院可以报效你的一些学费，比较省钱。

6 通过考试后，取得美国护士执照，通过托福考试后，如何找医院面试谈判，如何找律师递交移民申请，如何关注职业移民配额，最终申请绿卡。
通过考试后马上着手申请visaScreen，同时找医院，可以去一些护士中介，看报上医院登的广告，也可以直接去医院人事部门询问，一般只要是愿意帮忙办身份的医院都可以，也可以向同样情况的护士打听，或者找有经验的律师，一旦先把工卡申请到，你就可以上班了，律师帮你递出移民申请后，在去见移民官面谈前，递交出visaScreen，一切就OK了。移民配额问题可以咨询你的律师，原则上要有名额的情况下，才能递交申请。
7 注册护士考试的英文名称和考试内容，那里可以买参考书，网上有哪些资源。
英文名称是NCLEX－RN，网上以及各大书店都有卖，一般书名都有NCLEX－RN review字样，考试内容包括内科，外科，妇产科，儿科，精神科，基础护理学，以及法律常识等。整个考试一共5个小时，由电脑出题，75道到265道不等，前75题如果做错比较多很容易不通过。具体考纲见后。
网上书店：www.amazon.com www.ebay.com 新旧书都有
其他复习材料可以在Flushing图书馆2楼找到。
提供复习指导班的机构，在报纸上都可以找到。全英文的有Kaplan等。
建议购买的工具书或词典：英汉医学词汇人民卫生出版社有音标
电子词典：好译通，美国又叫金字典，彩色的那种，缅街路口有专卖店，价格贵，台湾买比较便宜，它有附带一个荣阳医学词典，80万医学单词，足够用了。
网上免费词典：http://dict.cnki.net/dict_result.aspx
免费的练习网站：
http://apps.esu.edu/nclexrn3500/mainMenu.do;jsessionid=5851B68974FA94F4D0AFFE8635057902

8 申请过程中常见的困难和困扰有那些
对于以前就是护士专业的申请人，CGFNS的审核无疑是耗时最久的，容易出现漏洞的环节概述如下，这些都是前人的血泪经验：一般他们收到申请后一个月，会通知你，他们给你的学校及或卫生局发信了。现在有专门机构负责就好多了，以下的仅供参考了解一下cgfns拖拉的办事风格。
（要和你的学校及或卫生局打好招呼，尤其是门房的全部人员，因为很多时候CGFNS都不写收信人的姓名。结果是没有收信人的信，又是英文的，常常给他们退回邮局。而CGFNS按规定是每2个月才发一次信。第二，学校地址收信人CGFNS常常有错误，常见错误有2种，一种是人为的把你资料输入电脑时出错，令一种是假如你的学校有分校，或名字改过，CGFNS寄出的信有很能会出错，地址是从他们的电脑里调出的，也就是说，如果在你之前有人申请过，留下地址，那么他们用的就是这个地址，举例来说，我的医科大学有本部，又有分部，后来又并入交通大学，等于有3个地址，而我的成绩单是在医科大学本部，也就是地址B是唯一能处理我成绩单的地方，然而，由于在我之前同个学校有人申请过，她的毕业学校名称和我一样，但是她是交通大学的学生，所以CGFNS电脑系统里的地址就是她的那个默认地址A。由于老外比较担心中国人造假的情况，所以一般不会擅自听你的解释改变地址。这样最坏的情况到最后就是，CGFNS按规定每2个月发信，但是你的学校从来没收到信。这样一弄已经半年过去了。解决的办法：亲自去费城，当面讲，但要先预约，如果不想去，那么，国内的所有学校的门房，记住是所有哦，都要打招呼，才能确保收到。另外，门房的信要确保交给负责出你中英文成绩单的那个老师，你最好找认识她，因为信件是全英文的，要填很多东西，保险起见，你最好你能找人看她填。这样填好你自己的人可以到邮局帮你寄快递，这样就有个号码能上网查进度。很多城市的卫生局会摆官腔，不肯帮忙，狠办法是先给市长信箱写信，询问一下落实办法，实践证明很有效！！！然后，信寄回CGFNS后要有不断打电话去催进度，他们动作慢最大的原因是全世界的非美国的医务人员，除了护士还有像物理治疗师等都是在CGFNS等候审查，所以工作量大，加上费城黑人多，办事效率有名的低，通常慢的整个过程要1年左右，要有长期做战的准备。另外，还有一个环节就是visascreen，他们会审核你护士学校出具成绩单的学时数，常见的困难是有很多学校没有精神卫生或精神科护理这门课，这样等于前功尽弃，解决的办法是在学校出具成绩单的时候要求他写上精神科，还有社区实习也有要求。还有就是可能要注意，有时visascreen以及有些州会要求你有高中成绩，必须和护士文凭分开，解决办法是在美国当地考GED，相当于美国高中证书，在高中或社区大学有提供考试，科目有历史地理数学等等。）

其次最大的困难就是英语成绩，接下来举例讲托福的准备。
9 托福考试的复习与报考准备托福报名网：www.ets.org
以ibt-Toefl为例，总分要83分，同时口语要26分，那么究竟是什么难度呢？
新托福83分，相当于旧托福560分。现在新托福满分120，每个部分是30分，也就是说，你听说读写的最低要求是：阅读19，听力19，口语26,作文19。
逐个分析，阅读3篇，第1篇20分钟，后2篇40分钟。回答题数14题左右。
听力6篇，包括对话，课堂讲座。作文：小作文，听一篇，看一篇课堂讲座，比较其中3个论点。口语，6个部分，电脑出题，个人生活问题，选择问题，校园情景题，教授课堂讲座。口语26分的要求是你6道题有4道题目拿到good，2道fair。
托福最好的网站，有机经回忆提供，免费软件下载。
http://forum.chasedream.com/index.asp?boardid=19

10 附录护士注册考纲和举例词汇
怎样复习，先列提纲，单个疾病复习方法见后：
大提纲
管理、文化差异、法律常识
妇产科
儿科
精神科
内科
外科
老人科
营养
药物复习
常用诊断程序
中提纲
以儿科为例，要求掌握每个疾病的病因，护理措施，用药，健康教育等
Pediatric Nursing 儿科护理
33章
head injury
hydrocephalus
spina bifida
Reye's syndrome
meningitis
seizure disorders
cerebral palsy(CP)
mental retardation
autism
attention-deficit hyperactivity(ADHD)
Tourette's disorder
child abuse
34章
strabismus
conjunctivitis
otitis media
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
35章
epiglotitis
laryngotracheobronchitis(LTB)
bronchitis
bronchiolitis/
respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)
pneumonia
tuberculosis (TB)
asthma
cystic fibrosis (CF)
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
36章
congestive heart failure (CHF)
defects with increased pulmonary blood flow
obstructive defects
defects with decreased pulmonary blood flow
mixed defects
implementation:cardiovascular defects
cardiac surgery
rheumatic fever
Kawasaki disease
37章
vomiting
diarrhea
cleft lip and cleft palate
esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS)
lactose intolerance
celiac disease (gluten-sensitivity enteropathy)
appendicitis
hirschsprung's disease
intussusciption
abdominal wall defects
umbilical hernia,inguinal hernia,or hydrocele
constipation/encopresis
irritable bowel syndrome
imperforate anus
hepatitis
ingestion of poisons
38章
fever
dehydration
phenylketonuria (PKU)
type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM)
39章
glomerulonephritis
nephrotic syndrome
enuresis
cryptorchidism
hypospadias/epispadias
bladder exstrophy
40章
eczema (atopic dermatitis)
impetigo
pediculosis captits (LICE)
scabies
The burned child
41章
dysplasia of the hip
congenital clubfoot
scoliosis
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA0
fractures
42章
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
care of the child with HIV or AIDS
43章
sickle cell disease(SCD)
iron deficiency anemia
aplastic anemia
hemophilia
β-thalassemia major
44章
leukemia
Hodgkin's disease
nephroblastoma(Wilms' tumor)

neuroblastoma
osteogenic sarcoma
brain tumors
45章
rubeola(measles)
roseola(exanthema subitum)
rubella(Geman measles)
mumps
chickenpox(varicella)
pertussis(whooping cough)
diphtheria
poliomyelitis
scarlet fever
erythema infectiosum(fifth disease)
infectious mononucleosis
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
enterobiasis(pinworm)
immunizations
46章
oral medication
parenteral medications
calculation of medication dosage by body weight
calculation based on BSA
小提纲：
如果你还没法看英文教材，先看中文介绍，在了解中文意思的情况下，再看英文教材，就会简单一些，同时要背单词以上面第33章第个病为例：

spina bifid脊柱裂（儿科）
概述
脊柱裂为脊椎轴线上的先天畸形。最常见的形式为棘突及椎板缺如，椎管向背侧开放，以骶尾部多见，颈段次之，其他部位较少。病变可涉及一个或多个椎骨，有的同时发生脊柱弯曲和足部畸形。脊柱裂常与脊髓和脊神经发育异常或其他畸形伴发，少数伴发颅裂。
病因
主要是在胚胎期发育发生障碍所致，关键在于椎管闭合不全。
症状
囊性脊柱裂的病儿于出生后即见在脊椎后纵轴线上有囊性包块突起，呈圆形或椭圆形，大小不等，有的有细颈或蒂，有的基底部较大无颈。包块常随年龄增大，表面皮肤或正常，或菲薄易破，有的菲薄呈半透明膜状，如囊内为脑脊液，用手电筒照之透光，如囊内有脊髓、神经组织等，用手电照之不透光或可见到囊内组织阴影。患儿啼哭时包块张力增高、较硬，安静时背部包块软且张力不高，于包块根部能触摸到骨缺损的边缘，说明囊肿与椎管内沟通。如患儿安静状态时，包块张力高，前囟隆起，可能同时伴发脑积水征。
脊髓脊膜膨出均有不同程度神经系统症状和体征，仔细检查可发现患儿下肢无力或足畸形，用针刺患儿下肢或足，无反应或反应微弱，患儿稍大些即可发现大小便失禁，重者双下肢呈完全弛缓性瘫痪。
脊髓外露生后即可看到，局部无包块，有脑脊液漏出，常并有严重神经功能障碍，不能存活。
隐裂在背部虽没有包块，但病区皮肤上常有片状多毛区或细软毫毛，或有片状血管痣等。有的病区皮肤颜色甚浓，或棕色，或黑色，或红色，有时在脊椎轴上可见潜毛孔，有的实为一窦道口，压之有粘液或豆渣样分泌物挤出来，椎管内多存在着皮样或上皮样肿瘤。隐裂可引起腰痛、遗尿、下肢无力或下肢神经痛，但是大多数无任何症状。
检查
X线照片显示椎管畸形，棘突及椎板缺损。
治疗
囊性脊柱裂几乎均须手术治疗。如囊壁极薄或已破，须紧急或提前手术，其他病例以生后1～3个月内手术较好，以防止囊壁破裂，病变加重。如果囊壁厚，为减少手术死亡率，患儿也可年长后（1岁半后）手术。手术目的是切除膨出囊壁，松解脊髓和神经根粘连，将膨出神经组织回纳入椎管，修补软组织缺损，避免神经组织遭到持性牵扯而加重症状。对脊膜开口不能直接缝合时，则应翻转背筋膜进行修补。包扎力求严密，并在术后及拆除缝线后2～3日内采用俯卧或侧卧位，以防大小便浸湿，污染切口。
对于长期排尿失常或夜间遗尿或持续神经系统症状加重的隐性脊柱裂，仔细检查后，应予以相应的手术治疗。手术的目的是切除压迫神经根的纤维和脂肪组织。
对于出生时双下肢已完全瘫痪及大小便失禁，或尚伴有明显脑积水的脊髓脊膜膨出，手术后通常难以恢复正常。甚至加重症状或发生其他并发症。
接下来把不认识的单词列出，用前文建议的词典和链接查，不懂的到网上查，一定要背出。
医学单词怎么背：
医学英语中单词颇多,但医学英语的学习有个技巧就是学习前后缀,不过医学英语中的前后缀也说实话也有很多的.可还是有一些前后缀是最常用的,掌握了他们你其实可以猜出大部分的医学英语单词的意思.下面小辈列出这些最常用的供参考.
1．人体主要器官前缀
名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例
心 heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology
脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology
肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology
肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology
胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology
胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy
肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology
脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology
胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy
肾 kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology
2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀
名称通用名前（后）缀示例
血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma
血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular
静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction
动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis
肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis
髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma
神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron
细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte
尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital
体 body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome
3．与数字有关的前缀
数字前缀示例
一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional
二 bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide
三 tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve
四 tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia
五 penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride
六 hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund
七 hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent
八 octa- octahedral/octal system
九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon
十 deca- decade/decagram/decaliter
注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）
4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀
颜色通用名前缀示例
色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer
红 red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer
白 white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira
黑 black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma
黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma
蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia
紫 violet/purple
绿 green
棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring
橙 orange Victoria orange/ethyl orange/orange G
粉红 pink oink frothy sputum
绯红 crimson
青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes
注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.
5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)
含义前（后）缀形容词示例
病 patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis
/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy
病态 -osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis
增多 leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis
减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia
无 a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia
小/微 -let droplet/platelet/leaflet
micro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus
大/巨 macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage
-megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly
复合/多 poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia
全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic
最后希望大家都能如愿以偿，无论遇到什么困难，都不要放弃自己的梦想，要想想有很多人和你一样再努力，要用于尝试，寻找各种问题的解决方法，认真学习，一定会成功，加油！

护士绿卡英文版介绍

2008-08-01T09:17:00.001-07:00

http://www.immigrationlawyer-usa.com/

United States Permanent Residency (GREEN CARD) for Nurses
The immigrant visa (green card) is normally the only option for nurses because most of the non-immigrant visa classifications are not available to the registered nurse seeking employment in the United States.

What are the basic requirements for a worker to qualify for a green card? Employment-based immigrant visas typically involve three main steps.

First, the employer files a Labor Certification application with the U.S. Department of Labor. The purpose of the application is to test the employer's local labor market for available workers. If no qualified and available workers are located, the position is certified as open for a foreign worker.
Second, the employer files an I-140 Alien Worker Petition with the USCIS. The purpose of this petition is to verify that the foreign worker has the minimum requirements to fill the open position, and serves to classify the foreign person as eligible for a particular visa category.
Third, on the basis of the Labor Certification and Alien Worker Petition, the foreign worker makes an application for an immigrant visa at a U.S. Consulate. If the foreign worker is legally present in the U.S., he or she may instead apply for permanent resident status via a process called adjustment of status. A nurse in the US can simultaneously apply for the I-140 and for adjustment of status.
The entire process can take several years. Labor certifications can take anywhere from six months to three years depending on where in the country the application is filed. The I-140 can take anywhere from a month to a year. And another year to two years can be added for consular processing or adjustment of status. As explained below, however, nurses receive processing that is partially expedited.

Do nurses receive any sort of special treatment in green card processing that makes the green card application process faster or easier? Yes, nurses seeking green cards do operate under an easier system and get their green cards faster than their counterparts in other professions. As explained below, nurses receive processing that is partially expedited.
In 1996, Congress passed legislation that retained nurses on a very short list of pre-certified occupations* for which a labor shortage was recognized.
* Note that this pre-certification is limited in scope. It only applies to "professional nurses" and is not available to Licensed Practical Nurses, Nurse Assistants, or other nursing aides. Professional Nursing is defined as a course of study in professional nursing resulting in a diploma, certificate, baccalaureate degree, or associate degree.
More specifically, an acceptable course of study for professional nurses generally includes theory and practice in clinical areas such as obstetrics, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, and medicine. Whatever training the nurse has received should result in licensure in the country in which the training occurred. This coursework may have been completed at a U.S. nursing school or an approved foreign nursing program. For an immigrant visa, it is not required that a nurse have a bachelor's degree in nursing, only that he or she completed a professional program in nursing and have subsequently been licensed.

What is the first step in filing for a green card for a nurse? The initial step in a Schedule A case is to file a Form I-140 application package to the appropriate supporting documentation to the appropriate USCIS service center.
There are four regional USCIS service centers. They are located in Vermont, Texas, Nebraska, and California and each service center has jurisdiction over a section of the country. A case is properly filed in the service center having jurisdiction over the place of employment or in the service center covering the region where the employer's office is located.
When there is a choice of service centers, employers need to be cautious because the processing times can vary dramatically. This may account for varying experiences in the HR industry as to how long it is taking to obtain the approval necessary before the nurse can apply for consular processing or adjustment of status. For example, beginning in 2003, the Vermont Service Center began expediting cases for nurses. Processing at the VSC is down to less than two months in most nurse cases. However, the other service centers can take as long as a year for the same kind of petition.

What kind of documentation must be submitted with an I-140 employment-based immigrant petition? Supporting documentation must be submitted with the I-140 as prescribed in 20 C.F.R. 656.22 (2). This supporting evidence includes the following:

Completed PERM labor certification forms (the recruiting process under PERM need not, however, be completed);
A posted notice of the job opening. This notice must include a job description, work hours, and rate of pay. The notice must be posted in the worksite for a minimum of ten business days;
Evidence that the petitioning employer has the financial ability to pay the salary offered to the nurse. Evidence of this ability shall be either in the form of copies of annual reports, federal tax returns, or audited financial statements. If the U.S. employer employs 100 or more workers, the USCIS may accept a statement from a financial officer of the organization;
CGFNS certificate or nurse license from state where the nurse will be working or proof of passing the NCLEX licensing exam and evidence that the nurse cannot obtain a license because he or she cannot obtain a social security number;
Nursing diploma or degree;
Nursing registration/licensure from the country where the degree was obtained.
The CGFNS certificate provides evidence that the nurse has complied with a three step review of their nursing skills:

A credentials evaluation;
Passing of an English language proficiency exam; and
Passing of the CGFNS qualifying exam.
Once these requisites have been met, the Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools will issue the nurse a CGFNS certificate. The purpose of this certification program is to serve as a predictive evaluation process to accurately judge which nurses will be able to meet the requirements for U.S. licensure once admitted to the country. If the nurse has already passed the NCLEX-RN exam, they are exempted from the requirement of obtaining a CGFNS certificate.

When does the health care workers credentialing certificate (the "VisaScreen") come into the picture? The VisaScreen certificate must be presented to the USCIS prior to adjustment of status and a US consulate prior to issuance of a permanent residency visa. The certificate is NOT required at the start of adjustment application or prior to an I-140 application's approval.

What steps are required aside from submitting the I-140 and getting the VisaScreen certificate? Upon approval of the I-140 and receipt of the VisaScreen certificate, a nurse is eligible to obtain their immigrant visa through consular processing. If they are in the United States in a lawful status they may adjust their status to that of permanent resident. Adjustment of status applications can be submitted at the same time as an I-140 application or at any time after the I-140 is submitted or approved. See the discussion below for more information on adjustment of status.

Nurses are also required to adhere to licensing requirements of the state in which they intend to work. Licensing requirements for registered nurses are maintained on a state-by-state basis, and each state has slightly different requirements for licensing. To demonstrate eligibility and preparedness for the NCLEX exam, most states require a combination of materials be submitted with the license application. The documents may include CGFNS certification, copies of foreign academic credentials with certified translations, an education/credentials evaluation and a demonstration of proficiency in English (e.g. TOEFL exam results).
All states permit an individual to obtain a license through examination, and some state permit licensing by endorsement, or acceptance of a registered nurse license from another state or country as evidence of the person's credentials.
Consult the license chart included as an appendix to this handbook for more information on requirements in each of the states.

How does a nurse in the US adjust status? If a nurse is in the United States, then processing via adjustment of status will typically be easier and it will be possible to get authorization to work much more quickly than through consular processing.
A nurse's employer must file an I-140 for a nurse in the United States just like a nurse residing abroad. But a nurse in the US has the ability to take the NCLEX examination. If the nurse can pass the NCLEX exam, then it is not necessary to take the CGFNS examination. Otherwise, the nurse would still need to present a CGFNS certificate or proof that the nurse has a full and unrestricted license as an RN. A nurse can file an adjustment of status application as well as an application for an employment authorization document at the same time they submit the I-140 application. Once the nurse is licensed by a state and the nurse is in possession of an employment authorization document, the nurse can begin work. License processing times vary between the states. USCIS regional service centers are required to process employment authorization documents in less than 90 days (applicants have the right to request an interim employment document at a local USCIS office if 90 days pass after applying). Adjustment applications typically take 18 to 24 months at USCIS regional service centers. A nurse still needs to present a VisaScreen Certificate prior to completing adjustment of status.

i have the list here as well....

First, the current immigration status (B-1, F-1, etc.)
of the applicant. The applicant must hold valid status in order for us to
file on her behalf.

DOCUMENTS REQUIRED:
Complete copy of current passport, including the blank pages. Please be
sure I-94 information is legible
Birth certificate, affidavit of birth details, or family registry with
certified English translation
Current US license as Registered Nurse
Copy of passing IELTS or TOEFL results. (Note: Results are good for 2 years)
Nursing diploma or certificate of graduation
Nursing transcript
License as Registered Nurse (US and country of origin if applicable)
Form I-693 medical form in a sealed envelope
8 photos per Nurse applicant
Copies of Form I-20 (if applicable)
Copy of marriage certificate (if applicable)
Copies of tax filings for the last three years (if applicable)
Copies of three most recent pay stubs (if applicable)
Copies of current and previous EAD cards (if applicable)
Copy of Social Security card (if applicable)

If the applicant has her §343 Healthcare Certificate (“VisaScreen”),
please include a copy. If she hasn't yet applied for the VisaScreen, please
be sure she does so immediately. Please note: The VisaScreen Certificate is
only good for 5 years.

The VisaScreen application fee is $398. The application packet, as well as
renewal applications, can be found on the Internet at: http://www.cgfns.org/sections/prog/visa.shtml.

For information on registering for the IELTS, contact:

IELTS Administrator: Dan Manolescu
ELS Language Centers/Manhattan at
Adelphi University Manhattan Center
75 Varick St., Second Floor
New York, New York 10013
Tel: 212 431 9330 (ext. 14)
Fax: 212 431 1636
Email: ielts-nyc@els.com
WWW: http://www.els.com/Centers/Manhattan

If the applicant has a spouse and or children undergoing adjustment of
status, we will need copies of the following for each family member:
1. Copies of passports and I-94

2. Birth certificate, affidavit of birth or family registry with
certified translation

3. 6 passport photos

Form I-683 in a sealed envelope

Please contact tom for the Fee Schedule for family members.

USCIS photo specifications can be found at:

http://www.uscis.gov/graphics/publicaffairs/newsrels/04_08_02Photo_flyer.pdf

In order to locate a Civil Surgeon for your physical exam, please see:

http://www.uscis.gov/graphics/exec/cs/index.asp

Once the applicant has completed the Questionnaires, I will prepare her
forms (immigration forms like i-140)for signature. Once the forms are
returned to me along with the documents listed above (including photos and
medical form), we will file her application with the USCIS.

miami的几家医院

2008-08-01T09:14:00.000-07:00

我所知道miami的几家医院转贴－－转贴－－转贴
I'm in Miami, so I only know a few hospitals in Miami
Hopefully this can help some people
I'm in Mount sinai Medical Center
website: http://www.msmc.com/
you can apply through email
我们医院给sign on bonus,而且负责办绿卡
我知道miami其他大部分医院也sponsor 绿卡，但是需要你自己找律师
比如jackson memorial hospital 福利不错，我还认识那里一个很好的中国护士，
manager也有意雇我，但是因为sign on bonus和绿卡的原因我还是选择了mount sinai
，jackson 是南佛州最大的医院，福利非常好，但是需要工作很长时间，我想自己不会
在miami呆太长时间
Mercy hospital也sponsor，但是要你自己找律师
Baptist在我家边上，但是不sponsor 绿卡
这几个医院除了jackson以外，其他环境都很好，我们医院和mercy都在海边，停车也很
方便

友情提醒，在毕业生高峰期毕业的同学最好提前三四个月办OPT以防万一，当时我提前
不到两个月结果六月份才下来，所以毕业之后在Jackson的intern没有做成
good luck to everyone

CGFNS收到表格怎么填？

2008-08-01T09:13:00.000-07:00

找到以前自己整理的一份样张（纽约州），这就是你在
国内的认证机构会收到这样一份表格，以前主要是给学校填的，如下，英文还看不明白的，中文翻译在最下面。本文仅供参考交流，如有律师中介协助办理，以律师为准。

Verification of Academic Record
CGFNS P.O. Box 8628，Philadelphia PA 19104-8628 USA Telephone(215)349-8767
Fax(215)349-0026 Email:empire@cgfns.org

Applicant Name:____1____ Date of Birth:______2_______
Type of Program:______3___ Years of Education Required for Admission:______4____
Name of Degree/Diploma Awarded:________________5____________________________
(Please print title of degree/diploma in native language)
Dates of Attendance: From:__________6______ To:_________7____________
(month/year) (month/year)
Date of Graduation:___________8_____ 9( )The applicant did not graduate from this institution
Language of Instruction:_________10_________ Textbook Language:________11___________

I certify that the above information is true,complete and correct to the records of this institution and that the attached transcript is an accurate record of the above applicant’s academic work.
Signature of School Official:_________12____________ Date:__________13___________
Print Name:_________14__________Title:_____________15__________
Telephone:________16_________Fax;___________17__________E-mail:_________18______
Official Seal or Stamp Must Cover Signature

学术档案认证
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CGFNS 邮箱 8628，费城宾州19104-8628 美国电话：(215)349-8767
传真(215)349-0026 电子邮件地址:empire@cgfns.org

申请者姓名：________ 出生年月日：_____________
认证项目名称：____________在该校学习年数以及入学条件：_____________
所获得的学位或学历的名称___________________________________________
（请用中文写出获得学位或学历的名称）
入学日期：从_______________ 到_______________
（月、年）（月、年）
毕业日期：__________________ （）如为肄业请在括号内打勾
教授课程所用语言：__________________ 教科书所用语言：__________________
我证明以上信息均为真实有效的，包括关于该申请人的所有记录以及所附成绩单。
学校行政长官签名：____________________ 日期：__________________
名字大写拼音：___________________ 职务头衔：__________________
电话：__________________ 传真：__________________电子邮件：__________________

填写说明：以上一共有18个空格，出去第9格方格（肄业）不需要打勾，其余每个都要填写，3 Credential Verification for New York State

5 中文的
9 （空着，不要打勾，是毕业的，不是肄业的，所以不用打勾）
10 Chinese
11 Chinese
12 （学校校长或长官签名，可是是潦草的，但是最好是拼音的，比如张三，SAN ZHANG）
13 一般写当天的日期就可以比如7月1
14这格一定不能潦草，而且一点要大写拼音写成，比如我叫张三：可以写成：SAN ZHANG 或者：ZHANG,SAN ——————也就是说中国人姓写在前面的时候，一定要用一个逗号点开，那就表示逗号前面的是姓
如果是3个字的名字，比如王小毛，可以写成：XIAO MAO WANG 或者：WANG, XIAO MAO
15 如果是校长就是president
16电话
17传真
18电子邮件
别忘了在规定的那个圈里盖章，信封密封好，封口处老师盖章并签名。英文或拼音。自己不要随意打开了。

美国最好的医院list

2008-08-01T09:11:00.000-07:00

America's best hospitals网址
http://health.usnews.com/sections/health/best-hospitals

护士申请绿卡要准备的材料

2008-08-01T09:09:00.000-07:00

I-140和I-485表格

I-140 Checklist:

1. Cover letter signed by employer explaining documents enclosed and
requesting I-140 approval by USCIS

2. Completed I-140 form signed and dated by employer

3. $195 check or money order payable to "Department of Homeland Security" (
application fees be attached to the first page of I-140 form)

4. Original ETA 9089 (PERM approval issued by DOL signed by you & by your
employer)

5. Copy of appropriate degree (earned from a university) (as required in the
labor certification)

6. Experience letters for X years (needed only if your labor certification
requires X years of experience)

7. Copy of transcripts for university degree (grade report or markssheets).

8. Company’s annual report or tax returns or audited financial statement (
one of these to be submitted as a "primary evidence" of ability to pay)

9. Last 2 or 3 years W-2s (to prove you are already getting more than the
salary stated on labor ever since the priority date to current date).

10. Last 3 months (recent) pay stubs (to prove you are already getting more
than the salary stated on labor for the current year for which you don’t
have W-2 yet).

11. Your company’s CFO's letter stating that the company has financial
ability to pay. (only if your company has over 100 employees)
NOTE: Acceptance of CFO letter by USCIS is discretionary (they don’t accept
it in all cases. So it is better to a submit primary evidence of ability to
pay)

其中1，2，4，8，11需要employer参与或提供

I-485 application：

1. (2) photos, checks in the amount of $395.00 (base application $325 +
biometric service fee $70) (in one small envelope)
Form I-693 (medical examination sealed in envelope);
2. Form I-485;
3. Form G-325A;

Evidence and Supporting Documents:
4. Copy of I-140 approval notice (I-797);
5. Employment verification letter;
6. Copy of Passport;
7. Copies of nonimmigrant visas and entry stamps (all non-blank pages);
8. Copy of I-94 (front and back sides);
9. Copy of student OPT card;
10. Copies of H1-B approval form (I-797);
11. Copies of all student I-20s;
12. Copy of birth certificate (with English translation);
13. Copies of IRS tax transcript for years 2004, 2005, 2006;
14. Copies of recent pay stubs (bi-weekly);

护士申请绿卡要准备的材料清单
First, I will need to know the current immigration status (B-1, F-1, etc.) of the applicant. The applicant must hold valid status in order for us to file on her behalf.
DOCUMENTS REQUIRED:
Complete copy of current passport, including the blank pages. Please be
sure I-94 information is legible
Birth certificate, affidavit of birth details, or family registry with
certified English translation
Current US license as Registered Nurse
Copy of passing IELTS or TOEFL results. (Note: Results are good for 2 years)
Nursing diploma or certificate of graduation
Nursing transcript
License as Registered Nurse (US and country of origin if applicable)
Form I-693 medical form in a sealed envelope
8 photos per Nurse applicant
Copies of Form I-20 (if applicable)
Copy of marriage certificate (if applicable)
Copies of tax filings for the last three years (if applicable)
Copies of three most recent pay stubs (if applicable)
Copies of current and previous EAD cards (if applicable)
Copy of Social Security card (if applicable)
If the applicant has her §343 Healthcare Certificate (“VisaScreen”),
please include a copy. If she hasn't yet applied for the VisaScreen, please
be sure she does so immediately. Please note: The VisaScreen Certificate is
only good for 5 years.
The VisaScreen application fee is $398. The application packet, as well as
renewal applications, can be found on the Internet at: http://www.cgfns.org
For information on registering for the IELTS, contact:
IELTS Administrator: Dan Manolescu
ELS Language Centers/Manhattan at
Adelphi University Manhattan Center
75 Varick St., Second Floor
New York, New York 10013
Tel: 212 431 9330 (ext. 14)
Fax: 212 431 1636
Email: ielts-nyc@els.com
If the applicant has a spouse and or children undergoing adjustment of
status, we will need copies of the following for each family member:
1. Copies of passports and I-94
2. Birth certificate, affidavit of birth or family registry with
certified translation
3. 6 passport photos
Form I-693（体检表） in a sealed envelope
Please contact tom for the Fee Schedule for family members.
USCIS photo specifications can be found at:
http://www.uscis.gov/
In order to locate a Civil Surgeon for your physical exam, please see:
http://www.uscis.gov/
Once the applicant has completed the Questionnaires, I will prepare her
forms (immigration forms like i-140)for signature. Once the forms are
returned to me along with the documents listed above (including photos and
medical form), we will file her application with the USCIS.

I－485调整身份的申请
I－140劳工卡申请表

1、EB3指什么，有什么要求？

EB3是美国职业移民的一种，分别技术类和非技术类。技术类要求有二年以上的工作经验，比如：厨师、电工这类就属于技术类。
非技术类（就是EW）：不须要有工作经验的，中国人最常见的清洁工，食品加工厂、养鸡厂。
EB3学历高求不高的，特别是非技术类的，只要求初中以上学历，年龄要求在21-55周岁，年龄上限大。

2、关于EB3的普通劳工卡、转名劳工卡，IRI的之间区别以及什么叫PERM？
普通劳工卡：是以本人名字申请的劳工卡，要经过登报招人等一系列的程序，光在登报招人上面的公示期就要有三个月了，然后申请成功的时间还要看各洲的情况，有的洲很快就批了，有的洲时间长达三年以上都有的。

EB3的转名通俗的来说，就是你的中介以前以别人的名字申请到一张劳工卡，然后申请的到这个人因某种原因不能去了，但劳工卡已经申请下来了，按照法律，劳工卡申请下来以后是终身有效的，是可以转让的。那么你的中介把这个劳工卡以转名的方式换成你的名字，这样可以说是节约了许多申请劳工卡这方面的时间，以已前的经验来说，劳工卡的成功申领与否就解决了这个个案申请的成功的80%。转名的在时间上是有优势的。

IRI：是快速劳工卡。这个主要看你申请雇主的实力。一般ＩＲＩ的时间会在半年内下来。

PERM：是2005年颁布一项关于加快劳工卡申请的一项政策，正式实施时间是2005年3月28日，美国政府为了改善各洲劳工卡的申请速度，特别制度了这项政策的，政策规定以前申请的劳工卡在未审批出来的现都积中在费城和达拉斯的积压中心，处理时间为24-30个月。现申请劳工卡的话，时间在45-90天内有结果，PERM是机审，是会存在的一定的风险的，并不是每个案子都能过的。规定中注明，普通的案子是可以转为PERM的排期也是可以不变的```````可以说，如果PERM实施下去的话，在申请劳工卡这个环节上将会节约一定的时间。

3、什么是ETA750表、I140、I797C、I797、DS230表、I8——表？

ETA750表：劳工卡申请表
I140表：申请移民的表格
I797C：移民局收件表
I797：移民局批准函
DS-230表：家庭成员履历表
I8——表：经济担保书

说明：因为我是请了中介的，有一些的表格我没有填过的，我只填过就是DS230表，这个表和I8——表都出现在P3中

4、EB3流程时间表（参照）

在转名情况下，从申请劳工卡到I140的批准，到收到I797批准件在一年时间左右。
然后要交380元的签证费，在1-2个月的时间内会收到包裹3（也就是我们所说的P3）。包裹3里面含有DS230表（第一和第二部分）和I8——表，不过请过中介的朋友就知道了，我们只填230表的第一部分，余下的中介会帮你搞定的。230表的第二部分以及其他的材料会在你收到P4宝宝面见的时候出现的````````

收到I797表就表示你的移民申请被移民局批准了。他们会让NVC（美国移民签证中心）给你寄P3啦
填好230表以后，寄给NVC就开始名调了
名调：名字调查，主要是查你的名字是否在恐怖分子之列，时间一般是在1-3个月之间，在911之前一般都只要1个半月这样的，现在好像大家都足3个月，当然如果你的名字与那些人有相似之处，那有可能会进行二次背调，那么时间还是以1-3个月为一个周期的，在调查后认为没有问题后，就会把你的材料寄往广州。

背调：这是材料到广州以后进行的背景调查，主要是对你的经济、刑事方面的调查，一般是没有多大的问题的。时间也在1-3个月这样，一般在背调之后吧，就会通知你面试啦。面试的时间一般会在材料到广州以后的3-6个月。

Feuer美各地巡回培训时间

2008-08-01T09:08:00.000-07:00

详情参见
http://www.f-n-r.net/schedule.php

内科百种常考病中文

2008-08-01T09:07:00.001-07:00

急着要考书没看完的可以先梳理一下中文知识

高血压: 是内科常见病多发病之一病因不明的高血压者称原发性高血压或继发性高血压。世界卫生组织建议的血压判别标准：
①正常血压，收缩压≤18.64Kpa(140mmHg) 舒张压≤12.1Kpa(90mmHg)。②成年人高血压，收缩压≥21.3Kpa(160mmHg) 舒张压≥12.65Kpa(95mmHg)。③临界高血压，指血压介于上述二者之间。

心律失常: 指心律起源部位心搏频率与节律以及冲动传导等任一项异常。“心律紊乱”或“心律不齐”等词的含义偏重于表示节律的失常，心律失常既包括节律又包括频率的异常.
http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-36982-fpage-5.html

台湾空姐考RN的有趣经历

2008-08-01T09:05:00.001-07:00

一个台湾空姐考RN的有趣经历(转自http://www.wretch.cc/blog/linlinnu/20216670)

到底是怎麼考上美國護士的? 其實連我自己都搞不清楚

我只是一個從很普通護專畢業四年的傢伙
在學校非常忙碌
瘋狂的搞我的基督教社團還有寫詩
成績並不算是頂尖只能算是中上
不過該考到的護士和護理師都是一次就過
畢業後的四年裡懶的繼續唸書就去上班
第一年勉強還算是在臨床(整形外科診所手術房)
第二年拿出當護士的積蓄在英國倫敦唸語言學校
第三和第四年都在華航上班離護理越來越遙遠

雖然報了三元(補習班)
可是上課堂數頂多十幾堂
因為懶惰還有空姐schedule的混亂程度很難好好上課
課本只領了五本
老師也不認識

飛來飛去的日子裡
我帶著以前在別間考RN機構買到的原文參考書到全世界各地唸書
我唸的是“Saunders Comprehensive Review for NCLEX-RN”
而且這本書是我在去英國前買的所以是很舊的版本2002年第二版
(今年都2007年了)
這本書成為我唸RN的唯一一本書

去年十二月聖誕節晚上我被抓飛012(九天安克拉治紐約班)
帶著無奈的心情拖著大箱去飛012
在阿拉斯加安克拉治昏暗的房間裡我打開大箱把書拿出來開始唸
有一次和大哥(我們習慣稱呼其他空少為大哥)一起去逛Cosco因為我們有合買卡片和泡芙
所以我們先到我的房間分東西
大哥看到我床上的書,問:
“你沒事幹嘛把電話簿拿出來看?”
我才驚覺這本書一千多頁厚厚的一大本看起來真的很像電話簿,
當時也覺得天那我怎麼可能把電話簿給唸完
飛到紐約,紐約刺骨的風讓人覺得比阿拉斯加還寒冷
紐約真的是Freezing
當大家坐車坐地鐵趁著聖誕節後的Discount出去瘋狂血拼時
一大早我把所有衣服穿起來到外面買熱呼呼的小籠包腸粉
(我們住Flushing所以可以買的到這些可愛的東方食物:P)
我坐在梳妝台前狼吞虎嚥之後
開始把電話簿翻開從頭看起
唸到下午看起來應該比較熱一點的時候
我又穿上所有衣服去買下一餐超級好吃的越南生牛肉河粉
途中經過Old Navy還有其他美國的店
因為太冷就被溫暖的空調吸進去
所以我也買了一堆超級便宜看起來又很貴的衣服
(其中包含一件看起很時尚穿起來很瘦超輕的羽毛外套原價五六千台幣
我只花了將近一千塊買到!)
(不過被我老媽A走了)
聖誕節後的美國真是購物者的天堂!
不過比起其他同事動輒花三四萬台幣
我還勉強控制在一萬上下算是非常自制:P

五天的065
去給人做完指甲後就待在昏暗潮濕的飯店裡
邊吃芭樂邊喝便利商店買的泰國奶茶邊唸書
到荷蘭吃完豐盛的早餐(有我最愛吃的半生不熟水煮蛋和超香熱巧克力)
也開始在可愛的橘色小房間唸書

四天008,006
LA的小傑克還開車帶我去漂亮的圖書館唸書
可是每次因為時差唸書的時間都剛好是台灣的半夜
雖然已經睡過十二小時一翻開書還是很累的趴下來
唸書效果並沒有很好
(也是因為飛LA真的很累,LA的客人跟別條線不一樣>”<)

電話簿就這樣從開頭幾頁慢慢地唸到中間在唸到後面
剛開始我幾乎只有在外站唸書
人在台灣所剩不多的時間被很多事情佔據
小提琴課,印度舞課,肚皮舞課,YOGA,還要約會
(我完全忘記我也應該要去三元上課:P)
可是我又放不下這些我很愛的東西
考前兩三個月我才非常勉強割愛把小提琴暫時停了
(因為小提琴課要背著琴坐捷運到老師家上課,一來一返浪費比較多時間,而且平時也要花時間練琴)
其他的舞蹈課就只剩下印度舞其他也先暫時停了

在台灣也開始跑圖書館
我回到我的母校板橋國小旁邊附設的圖書館和一堆國高中生一起唸書
買了傳奇茶坊好喝的布丁奶茶
一念就是一整天
肚子餓了就去吃一下好吃的北門田不辣或是附近的便當KFC
剛開始唸一唸還會回家去上一堂肚皮舞再回來繼續唸
後來肚皮舞停了我也開始身材走樣
圖書館旁有一個小小的池塘
裡面有幾隻趴在石頭上懶散的烏龜緩慢移動皺巴巴的脖子張望
下雨天時他們就會不知道失蹤到哪裡去
在圖書館唸了好一陣子也發現原來有固定班底
一個總是穿汗衫的阿伯總是坐在一進去左手邊最角落的位置

偶而圖書館沒開或是沒位置
我就會到我家附近的單堤或是旁邊的星巴克
我最愛的位置是靠窗的高腳椅
有明亮的光線單獨的空間
而且沒事的時候可以望著窗外看看來往的行人車輛
很適合放空耍自閉
也不會和其他人有眼神接觸的機會
一杯摩卡巧克力星冰樂就可以消磨一個熱騰騰的下午
唸到後來還遇到兩個同是唸護理的學妹在準備護理師執照考在討論整形外科的待遇
我就忍不住加入他們的話題
不過在同一間星巴克能遇到同是護理的三個人一起在唸書實在是一件很難得的事情
一般人都是在唸英文或是唸升大學的講義之類的

考試前幾個月我只唸完一次Saunders而且完全不知道自己在唸什麼
剩下時間非常的不夠
看了一般考上RN的學姊們所寫的心得裡面
都是固定上課把課上完
另外還看完三本電話簿(我只看完一本)
外加電腦考題
相較之下
我又沒固定上課
(應該說是連上課都沒有)
別人看完三本
我卻只看完一本
我還剩下兩本電話簿沒看
剩下的時間應該只剩下一本書可以看
我開始煩惱接下來應該要看電話簿還是做電腦考題
或是再把原本的Saunders看一遍
我男友(一個很會唸書考試的傢伙)建議我應該把原本的Saunders多看幾遍
他是說書讀再多沒讀進去也沒用
我就把Saunders看了四遍去考
前一兩個禮拜只要OFF就到三元作電腦考題
從早做到晚

考試前兩週我把書帶去053唸
大家去布里斯本動物園抱無尾熊
我又把自己關在房間裡兩天
肚子餓了就出去買3.50澳幣的便宜lunch box充飢
買便當途中到公園曬一下太陽
還有順道經過布里斯本博物館就進去逛了一下
當時壓力大到唸書唸一唸還在房間自言自語的大喊”我不要唸書了好煩喔”
(還好是住最後一間其他人聽不到)

RN考前三天我被抓197
壓力大到我不得不很三八的關燈點起浮水爉燭
在很棒的浴缸泡澡舒壓一下
一點也不想唸書
泡完澡裹著浴袍依在高雄金典酒店五十幾層的落地窗台邊
隔著玻璃看著美麗的高雄夜景
夢時代摩天輪的霓虹燈排列成花朵的花瓣
緩慢地順時鐘移動
時空彷彿都慢下來了

考RN那天我竟然考了將近六個小時
總共275題把所有的題目考完了
(RN是電腦適性測驗有可能有人考一個小時也有可能有人考兩個小時或是六個小時,但並不代表考的時間少上榜機會就大)
中間一度考到頭昏眼花壓了指紋出去上個廁所喝口水再回來繼續考
題目有非常簡單的(摩門教的飲食禁忌)
也有我怎麼算也算不出來的計算題
計算題出了兩題我一題也算不出來隨便填一個數字就送出繼續下一題
也有考到我這陣子準備完全沒唸到的身體評估約五題左右
身體評估我在學校有上過老師教的還不錯
可是全都忘光了
Saunders並沒有提及正常的身體評估
所以我這邊答的很痛苦也很掙扎
(要是剛畢業的話應該就還記得第一心音第二心音之類的東西)
其實都猜的還滿混亂的
考完心情滿差在附近隨便找個了拉麵店吃了一碗拉麵
很想把書丟在拉麵店的垃圾桶
不過又怕要重考所以作罷

考試前壓力很大
因為算一算為了美國護士我投資的錢實在是太可觀了
從在英國待九個月所花費的以前在整形外科上班所省吃檢用存下來的三四十萬
到三元補習費近四萬
報名考試加起來算是四萬塊好了
還有最近補英文 IELTS的四萬塊
我必須承認我的壓力真的有點大
好歹我也要去美國把錢撈回來阿~

為什麼我不乾脆就找個有錢人嫁了當家庭主婦
為什麼要把自己弄得那麼累
我真的有強迫症嗎?
我問我媽咪如果你是我
有人要娶你讓你當貴婦的話,你還會想去美國當護士嗎?
我媽說他要當貴婦

我呢?
我的答案呢?

先去當美國當幾年護士好了
也許貴婦回台灣以後可以當嚕
等我三十幾歲以後……

不過如果我當貴婦的話應該會是個超級忙的貴婦吧……

現在是這樣想的……

记住lab 数据的小tips

2008-08-01T09:04:00.001-07:00

记住lab 数据的小tips
I agree that everybook has different lab values. For me, I'm remebering just the avg.'s. I've used this since the begining of classes and even at work, and I always get it right. In my book Normal Labs are:
K+ 3.5 – 5
Ca+ 4.5.- 5
Mg 1.5-2.5
Phos 1.8-2.6
Na+ 135-145
Cl 95-105
Crt .5-1.2
BUN 10-20
PTT 60-70 or 1 ½ times higher if on Heparin
PT 11.0 - 12.5 or 2.o -3.5 times higher if on coumadin
INR 2.0-3.5 for coumadin
WBC 5-10
RBC 5
HCT 40
Hgb 15
pH 7.35-7.45 (40)
co2 35-35

. For me I’m going to remember:

On vacation I -
Ate 4 bananas with 5 glasses of milk, read 2 magazines about 2 fossils.
Spent $140 on Napkins and a $100 on Clear heals.
Did 15 BUN exercises and drank 1 Creatine shake .
Met, 3 Idiots , 11 Pets and 65 Hunks.

Ate 4 bananas (K+ found in bananas) with 5 glasses of milk (ca+ found in milk), read 2 magazines (magnesium) about 2 fossils (phosphorus).
Spent $140 on Napkins (Na+)and a $100 on Clear heals. (Cl)
Did 15 BUN exercises and drank 1 Creatine shake (Creatinine) .
Met, 3 Idiots (I for INR),
11 Pets ( P is for PT) and 65 Hunks. (H is for heparin’s PTT).

I don't have anything for WBC, RBC, Hct, or Hgb. For some reason , I just seem to remember those, I hope this helps you. It does for me.

RN執照考試经验

2008-08-01T09:03:00.000-07:00

RN執照考試经验－转自http://www.wretch.cc/blog
Test Center: Pearson Professional Centers--Taipei,Taiwan
Address: No 163 Sec1
12F-3, Keelung Road
Union Century Building
Taiepi,Taiwan

4/30早上9點我終於考了美國RN執照考試
之前反覆做的題型
不管是書上的Lippincottt's or Saunders題庫
還是
電腦上機Kaplan考題
大概上下做了也將近有2000-3000的題目吧!!
多少日子的準備
為的就是4/30的這個重大考試
考完後
我只能對自己說
" 我真的盡力了!!! "
接下來就靠老天爺幫幫忙囉...

回顧當時考試的現場狀況
早上9點考試，我大概8點半提早抵達考場
這考場和我原先想像的大小差很多
大概只有20坪左右的大小
先和櫃檯小姐報到後
要先"食指指紋"比對
(因為之前報名時，美國有要求先去刑事局做指紋卡的審核..怕你有犯罪囉!!)
接下來拿出"護照"和美國ATT寄的"核准書單張"再次核對
核對無誤.. 在電腦上簽名
我因為英文簽名中忘記寫"，"和 "-"
被要求"重簽"
好加在第二次簽名和護照"相似，總算"審核過關

聯合大樓的考場一次只能15人
我是在2月初就預約到4/30的考試日期
聽說同學後來報都額滿..竟然要等到6.7月份了
真是誇張國內的護理人員大家都不想在台灣工作了..哈哈
在報到的同時也發現有5位韓國人和日本人跑來台灣考試
真不知他們為何千里迢迢跑來這考?(明明他們國家也有設考場ㄚ)

文件及指紋全部審核過後
再用web cam照一張照片
接下來才被帶進去小房間考試
進出那房間全都要再次按壓指紋做比對(夠嚴格了吧!!)
房間內共有15部電腦..每個電腦都被分隔開來
最後小姐指示我可以開始考了

看一看時間剛好是9點整
RN的題目最少75題...最多265題
最長的考試時間應該是6小時
每個人的題目都不一樣
因為電腦會自動評估你的程度再給予出題
也就是說你若是一直用猜的...電腦評估不出來你的程度
那你就有可能考到6小時..也就是265題可能都會做到
但相反的
若你程度一直維持在水準之上...你可能就只需做到75題(時間就看你自己所費時的囉)
但也有可能電腦覺得你的程度在水平之下，因此只出75題就叫你"回家"

我現在就不知該是開心還是悲傷??
因為我就是考75題而已!!!
聽了很多考過RN的前輩所做的平均題都是75題而已(但也有人做到125題也是過關喔!!)
所以我一開始就給自己設定目標...只做75題就要結束考試!!
因此
我每題都花很長的時間去思考在做回答
考了很多計算題..還有交班後哪些病人要先處理..不外乎priority的
以及你若是RN要指派LPN及nursing assistant照顧哪些病人
我覺得美國人的考試真的"很靈活"...不像台灣都是考一些"死觀念"
當然學理概念要先夠...否則一樣"死"
因為每題都不敢亂答
所以我最後竟然花了2小時40分鐘做完"75題"!!!

說實在的
當我做完75題後
電腦考題自動關閉
我當時真的"腦筋一片空白"
因為
我將會是 "過關"了!!!
還是......
而且我竟然是房間內15人中
"第一個"結束考試的!!!
也就是說他們至少都做超過100題以上的題目囉!!!

說不擔心...是騙人的
說開心嘛!!!....也是有一些ㄚ
因為這不就是我自己原先設立好的目標題數嗎??
要有信心!!!
對自我真的要有信心!!!
不管是週遭的朋友甚至到算命的師姐
都是告訴我
"建立自我信心是很重要的!!"

因此
這次的RN考試
我...有預感...
我 ...也有信心...
我...一定會考過的!!!
一個月後收到成績會和大家分享我的喜悅...^_^
~~相信~~有付出...就有收穫~~~

超多中英文医学信息－网站图片视频词典

2008-08-01T09:01:00.000-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-37458-fpage-6.html

纽约48小时网上查成绩

2008-08-01T09:00:00.000-07:00

护士局的网站找到你的名字,说明有你的执照, 你就是通过考试啦
last name first, separated by a space, not a comma

http://www.op.nysed.gov/opsearches.htm

纽约考场 2007考题

2008-08-01T08:58:00.001-07:00

纽约考场 2007考题
9734 64th rd
rego park ny
11374 usa

2007年9月 3小时 75题
总体来说
1问很多健康宣教，都是以病人说：“我应该。。。”或是
“我不应该”的形式出现
2还问道社区护士先回哪个病人电话？
3术后护士先看哪个病人？
4术后病人出现4个情况，先处理那个？
5护士参加医院的教育，哪种是对，哪种是错？
6护士可以分给护士助理和儿科换班护士的工作分别是？
7护士应该对一下4个用药产生置疑？（杀手题目：4个药，1个也没见过，靠！）
8病人使用某药，如何证明他完全明白护士的健康宣教？（我。。时候可以用，我和。。可以一起用，我可以早上、晚上、饭前，后用。。可以弄碎。。。可以和其他食物果汁用。。）
9 护士应该把哪个病人转介绍给物理治疗师，或是语言治疗师，或是要和药剂师商量看有没有液体的药物，因为病人药片吞不下去。

1 类固醇－抗炎？
2 C4损伤－性功能方面？
3 胆固醇－数值
4 甲状腺切除－低钙？
5 肝炎－甲乙丙丁医务人员容易感染哪个？
6 小儿脑腹腔引流－腹部症状？
7 高血压药副作用－体位性低血压？
8 失聪－健康教育
9 异烟井－副作用－肝损？
10 左心衰－劳力性呼吸困难
11 comparament syndrom－疼痛
12 老人脱水表现－多选题
13 肾衰－酸中毒
14 隐私－吸毒过去史
15 15岁未成年人－DNR谁签字
16 呼吸机－低压报警
17 使用某药出现黑便
18 降血脂药－空腹
19 类固醇－不要突然停药
20 腹部mass－护士－按压4区？－问大便情况？
21 化疗－健康教育
22 精神科－先管－不吃饭的那个
23 panic病人护理吃饭？说话？房间？
24 11个月大发展特点
25 哮喘－用药原理
26 怀孕素食－宣教
27 消化性溃疡特点
28 kg和lb换算乘以2。2
29 三度全层烧伤护理
30 血钾－不能iv推

纽约考场 2008 考题

2008-08-01T08:57:00.000-07:00

友情提示
早饭千万别吃不熟悉的东西－早上拉肚子～～

先总体分析一下
从上午开始，共5个多小时，做题到70题电脑暂停提示休息，到130题暂停提示休息，
230左右自动停机，药理题15题左右，多选题10题左右，计算题6题左右。
前15题知道电脑是用来测试，当然也重要，但是至少不用那么举棋不定了。
有一道计算题，在前15题中重复出现2次。是考如何进行kg和lb的换算，还有mg和ml等。
最常见是问某个小孩的药物，小孩给他每kg多少mg，现有ml，让换算。这个简单lb除以
2.2就是kg，屏幕会提示你取整数whole number还是2位小数等等。
关于药物题，在davis的书后有很多药物护理，每个药相对应一点，那个很好用。
考试时候的题目很多都是问这种，常识的问题包括降血脂药要早上空腹，利尿药不要晚上服用。还有一些药药弄清是否可以和食物一起用，哪些食物可以，哪些不可以。

1 奇怪的计算，主要是考oz和ml的转换
还问到半个香蕉，半块吐丝算多少水份（oz）
2 点眼药水的正确方法
3 考了很多实验室数值题
涉及血糖（包括算中毒时的） Hb 血容量血Na 白细胞血小板
4 lb和kg ml mg 换算题目
5 1ml＝15滴换算
6 有家族遗传高危因素的病－选diverticulosis
7 TPN常见并发症－没有提到高血糖有提到选项是感染出血。。。
8 透析接口的护理－纱布是否无菌？按压？
9 和失语的病人沟通－语音正常？温柔？语速正常？
10 十二指肠造口喂食观察肠扩张？肠鸣音？
11 急性肾小球肾炎表现考了很多题反复出现血压？水肿？
12 髋关节置换术后护理
13 牵引护理
14 甲减－多选－临床表现－
15 格林巴利－观察－呼吸
16 ALS－和家属要商量－R机是否在未来必要情况下使用
17 AMPUTATION 术后优先关注－血供？
18 儿科护士轮换到病房－安排何种病人给她（反复考好几题）
19 护士助理－安排何种病人给她
20 病人告护士－护士哪个做得不好－告知病人家属不可碰镇痛泵？
21 镇痛泵－病人合适按？睡着家属能否按？按多少？最大？
22 一精神病人打另一个，护士应该如何描述（选不带护士主观评论的那个选项）
23 甲硝唑护理－多喝水？
24 精神科遇到各种病人－幻觉也好－妄想也好－优先关注－影响病人吃饭的那个（基本需求要满足先）
25 使用华法令－不吃绿叶菜－不补vitk
26 儿子说糖尿病父亲以前很遵医嘱，最近变了，变成随便乱吃自己想吃的东西－问护士应该
1）说会安排一次健康教育 2)询问可能的原因 3）让儿子协助督促
27 抗早老性痴呆药的护理点
28 4个精神病人打牌，1个诉说幻觉－护士－描述自己的感觉（事实）
29 PET检查前后护理－怎样给药？麻醉？卧位？病人感觉？
30 心脏导管术后护理最重要－沙袋？卧床时间？不动？
31 3岁小儿体重身高不足－护士询问－膳食情况
32 小儿腿之间有2.5cm宽－护士说 1）正常 2）要手术
33 乳腺炎护理表现分泌物？
34 ARDS治疗药物？
35 那种减速需要关注－晚期减速？
36 哪个产妇优先看 I期宫缩60秒一次的？ II期盆腔有压力的？
37 哪个病人优先妊娠剧吐－上一班吐了3次的？月经垫湿了3块？
38 子宫内膜Ca 高危人群－有乳腺Ca家族史的病人
39 乳癌活动－爬墙
40 新生儿异常－反射？后囟门关闭？
41 利尿剂－不要睡前服用
42 嗜铬细胞瘤切除后－护士优先观察BP？出血？
43 甲亢术后－优先注意－敷料变紧？
44 stress test
45 硝酸甘油－舌下
46 糖尿病－足部护理－安尔碘泡脚？不穿新鞋！
47 自测血糖－碘消毒？
48 眼睛不好的病人－走廊大灯？墙壁亮色调？开电视机？
49 －补液外渗－皮肤表现－cold

纽约州感染控制考试

2008-08-01T08:56:00.000-07:00

至关重要的复习材料再提醒－不仅是纽约州感染控制考试，http://www.elearnonline.net/statemandate.aspx?x=44
RN部分考试范围也包括其中！！！
http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-37355-fpage-6.html

内外科基本考点-英文版

2008-08-01T08:54:00.000-07:00

考前成千上万的护理信息贮存在你的大脑中知识点要梳理整齐选择1到2本教科书 1本较简单 1本较详细详细的一本要包括分点呈现的护理措施看完一个疾病要有回忆的过程
可以按照自己的习惯整理读书笔记
以下模板供参考

可把各重要的小点用中文补充在每个疾病的边上
考前快速浏览时遇到生疏的地方再回到书本看一下
对增强考前信心很有帮助
以下只列出了最简单的提纲
复习时大家可以进行补充
hypertension
provide for physical and emotional rest
provide for special safety needs
health teaching (client and family)
http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-37229-fpage-6.html

医学图库（中文）

2008-08-01T08:52:00.000-07:00

医学图库（中）
http://www.yxsjy.net/YXSJYyxtk/Index.html

免费的RN复习书籍

2008-08-01T08:50:00.000-07:00

google的强大搜索可以帮助你免费阅读网上nclex rn的复习读书
如果打不开可能是缺少相关的插件大家试试看能不能打开
下面的是Made Incredibly 等系列的书籍可以在线看到整本书

http://books.google.com/books?ei=v-EySKbpJ572iwGgueiaDw&q=Made+Incredibly+Visual&btnG=Search+Books

http://books.google.com/books?q=Patient+Teaching+Made+Incredibly+&btnG=Search+Books

http://books.google.com/books?id=yF0ffzCGJ14C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Lippincott%27s&ei=feQySOXqDaHQjgH6pdyrDw&sig=hVuLo7QPyGRiT2v0CNwTtL9_8

http://books.google.com/books?id=BHZbQOfczIsC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&ei=_eQySPy4GKDKjgGKzLmbDw&sig=M-lzRHu2JXDG5zMLsU1j26MTZcQ

http://books.google.com/books?id=6YrPqpYNzJ0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&ei=_eQySPy4GKDKjgGKzLmbDw&sig=D2JZbwjL7rr2-KkbpiIrt65637w

http://books.google.com/books?id=AvCauRpz--MC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&ei=_eQySPy4GKDKjgGKzLmbDw&sig=n5yUiXtM5ZF43cBdXBUvR0a9eVQ

http://books.google.com/books?id=qZvQsTdGwr4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&ei=_eQySPy4GKDKjgGKzLmbDw&sig=MA6A_7tr6-nAgUcq4p8jyR1wKr0

http://books.google.com/books?id=brJdIl1nc6AC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&ei=_eQySPy4GKDKjgGKzLmbDw&sig=T1LgJZHf7fUKTIrmVh3s5dyXXeE

http://books.google.com/books?id=hYnv2lAwLRoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=nclex+rn&lr=&ei=keUySOG7DJXujAG24birDw&sig=_q-p8Z7TaAdw6HduuZ2fAXG6pi0

http://books.google.com/books?id=PnK-cMNIKCAC&pg=PA253&dq=nclex+rn&lr=&ei=9OUySODjFKXOjgGE0JWjDw&sig=L-tBlA_SbsLDPeKxZ3Bkz1lZMtw

http://books.google.com/books?id=PI4HnGoe6c0C&pg=PA3&dq=nclex+rn&lr=&ei=KuYySPTNBoKijgGk682eDw&sig=3hKzQ9hY0z2T_B81xGDEOc0EuII

http://books.google.com/books?id=Y4Cxe9jSR10C&pg=PA445&dq=nclex+rn&lr=&ei=KuYySPTNBoKijgGk682eDw&sig=vnThoOtH14-B1_OOCzYToK_cFKc

药物复习网站（中英）

2008-08-01T08:49:00.001-07:00

一个不错的药物网站（中英）参见
http://dict.120qa.cn/911B/

著名的Merck诊疗

2008-08-01T08:47:00.001-07:00

中文
http://211.100.21.196/manual/page01.html

英文
http://www.merck.com/mmhe/resources/pronunciations/index/a.html

免费3D解剖online工具

2008-08-01T08:44:00.002-07:00

Visible Body 免费的用邮件地址注册去邮箱激活就可以使用详细用法请参见视频介绍如对电脑配置要求安装插件安全

-上这个网站, http://www.visiblebody.com/-点' sign up for free'-填入所需信息-去邮箱查看welcome@visiblebody.com发来的信, 其中有链接-对电脑的要求: Internet Explorer 6.0 or higher on a machine running Windows XP or Vista-点击链接,激活account, 点'launch visible body'后既开始下载安装.

400个RN药物复习-全

2008-08-01T08:44:00.001-07:00

http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-34258-fpage-7.html

这是我整理的英文版的word文档的话是83页

英漢百科醫學辭典(台湾)

2008-08-01T08:40:00.000-07:00

英漢百科醫學辭典-更多内容请参见http://www.geocities.com/jerometeng2/medi_page_1.htm

sample:

abdominal pain
(腹部疼痛，腹痛)：又稱「abdominalgia」；腹腔內疼痛，常見症狀，可能是短暫失常或嚴重疾病，造成原因很多，通常不易確定診斷，經常是良性或自限性，又分急性、慢性腹痛，症狀可能附帶打噎(belching)、噁心、胃腸積氣(flatulence)、嘔吐(vomiting)、腸聲等徵狀，疼痛部位與發生原因有關，可能原因包括有發炎、下痢(diarrhea)、便秘(constipation)、神經因素、腸道過敏徵候群(IBS)、腸絞痛(intestinal colic)、消化性潰瘍(peptic ulcer)、闌尾炎(appendicitis)、(間歇性)腸阻塞、膽結石(gallstone)、腹膜壁層發炎(parietal peritoneal inflammation)、肝炎、月經痛(menstrual pain)、子宮疼痛、子宮內膜異位(endometriosis)、盆腔炎症病(pelvic inflammatory disease)、膀胱炎(cystitis)、腎結石、腎臟感染、腸扭結(volvulus)、腫瘤(tumor)等。ABO blood group—(ABO血型分類)：又稱「ABO blood-group system」「ABO system」；一種主要的人類血型分類，共分為A、B、AB、Ｏ四類，一生不變，分類是根據紅血球表面是否具有遺傳而來的Ａ抗原或Ｂ抗原(基因)，這些抗原基因位於第9 染色體(band 9q34.1)，不具有Ａ抗原、Ｂ抗原者稱為「Ｏ抗原」或「Ｏ型血液」，同時具有Ａ,Ｂ抗原者為「ＡＢ型」，具有兩個Ａ抗原或具有一個Ａ抗原,一個Ｏ抗原者為「Ａ型」，具有兩個Ｂ抗原或一個Ｂ抗原一個Ｏ抗原者為「Ｂ型血液」；不同血型的人相互輸血可能發生排斥作用，把Ａ或Ｂ抗原血液輸至不具有Ａ或Ｂ抗原者會引起嚴重的免疫反應，Ｏ型血液者不帶有Ａ、Ｂ抗原，只能接受Ｏ型血液，但Ｏ型血液(紅血球)卻能輸血給其它任何的血型，因此Ｏ型血液者又稱「普適供血者」(universal donor)，(輸血限於紅血球，不包括血漿)，而AB型者卻能接受任何血型的血液；Rh 因子(Rhesus factor)是另一種血型分類，血球表面具有Rh 抗原則為Rh 陽性(Rh+)，沒有Rh 抗原則為Rh 陰性(Rh-)；在美國人口中Rh 陰性的比例約是3/20；◆一般同時使用兩種系統，使血型分為八類；血清中的抗體(antibody)狀況則相反，紅血球具有Ａ抗原者血清中具有「anti-B抗體」，會對B抗原紅血球產生排斥，而紅血球具有Ｂ抗原者血清中具有「anti-A抗體」，會對A抗原紅血球產生排斥，Ｏ抗原(血型)者血清中同時具有anti-A抗體、anti-B抗體，而ＡＢ型血液者血清中不具有兩種抗體；◆根據「美國血庫協會」1999年的統計資料顯示，在美國人口中：Ｏ型佔45%、Ａ型佔40%、Ｂ型佔11%、ＡＢ型佔4%，如果包括Rh 因子則人口分佈為：O+型佔38%、O- 型佔7%、A+型佔34%、A- 型佔6%、B+型佔9%、B- 型佔2%、AB+型佔3%、AB- 型佔1%。abscess 【發音】—(膿腫，膿瘍)：包含膿液的一個腔穴，組織受感染發炎後所產生局部的膿腫，通常由細菌所引起，常見的是葡萄球菌屬(Staphylococci)，有時黴菌感染(fungal infection)也能造成膿腫，膿液(pus)是由破壞後的組織細胞、死亡及存活的細菌、白血球(leukocytes)等所構成，膿腫外圍會逐漸形成一個保護膿膜，膿腫可能擴大或減小，根據細菌或白血球何者佔優勢；細菌感染的治療是使用抗生素，抗生素有時不易穿過膿腫的外膜，需要將膿腫內的膿液排出，許多情況下在膿液排出後，即能逐漸復原，有時亦需要抗生素治療。

美国在线中文报纸

2008-08-01T08:39:00.000-07:00

美国在线中文报纸即将来纽约的可以点击纽约（大）查找租房医院招聘打工信息http://74.208.7.70/wjepaperlogin/login.aspx

美国Maine州 ICU招聘广告

2008-08-01T08:38:00.001-07:00

－类似招聘可在该站自己搜索
http://newyork.craigslist.org/jsy/hea/635845356.htmlWORK IN A STATE OF THE ART ACUTE CARE HOSPITAL & ENJOY A BALANCED LIFE (THE WAY LIFE SHOULD BE) IN THE BEAUTIFUL STATE OF MAINE Imagine yourself living on a beautiful lake in Maine surrounded by wildlife, peace and quiet just a 15 min drive to where you work in a new, state of the art ICU/CCU with one of the most supportive nursing-physician teams! AND only a few hours drive to Boston. Acute Care, Level II trauma hospital is currently looking for experienced ICU/CCU RNs with a minimum of 2 years recent CC experience to IMMEDIATELY staff their NEW hospital expansion. Current Maine RN license (or eligible) required. Very competitive hourly wages, shift differentials, benefits with one of the lowest cost of livings in New England! Relocation Assistance $5000 Shift Differentials Certification Medical Plan Coverage Dental Plan Coverage Flexible Benefit Plan Life Insurance Long Term Disability Insurance 403(B) Retirement Plan Core Account Employee Savings Account Employer Match Account Paid Time Off (P.E.P. Time) Leave Of Absence Special Time Off With Pay Pharmacy Tuition Reimbursement/Loan Scholarship Employee Health Office Employee Health Promotion Center Employee Assistance Program Free Parking Employee Child Care Center Employee Discounts: Patient Care Cafeteria PLS EMAIL OR FAX YOUR RESUME FOR AN IMMEDIATE INTERVIEW TO: Ann-Marie Abbott, Chief Nurse Recruiter OFFICE: 207-797-9009 CELL: 408-425-7327 EMAIL: aabbott@coastalstaffing.org FAX: 1-270-513-2902 Location: M A I N E Compensation: $5000 RELOCATION, EXCELLENT COMP, VERY LOW COST OF LIVING AREA! Principals only. Recruiters, please don't contact this job poster. Please, no phone calls about this job! Please do not contact job poster about other services, products or commercial interests

常用的top100 药物

2008-08-01T08:35:00.000-07:00

常用的top100 Abilify is an antipsychotic medication. It works by changing the actions of chemicals in the brain. Abilify is used to treat the symptoms of schizophrenia. Accutane is a form of vitamin A. It decreases the amount of sebum (oil) that is released by the sebaceous (oil) glands, and it increases that rate at which the skin renews itself. Accutane is used to treat severe nodular acne that has not responded to other treatments, including antibiotics. Aceon is in a class of drugs called angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors). Aceon is used to lower high blood pressure and to reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality or non-fatal heart attacks in certain patients. Acyclovir is an antiviral drug. It slows the growth and spread of the herpes virus so that the body can fight off the infection. Acyclovir lessens the symptoms of these infections and shortens the length of time you are sick. Acyclovir is used to treat infections caused by herpes viruses. Illnesses caused by herpes viruses include genital herpes, cold sores, shingles, and chicken pox. Adderall is a stimulant and appetite suppressant. It stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain) by increasing the amount of certain chemicals in the body. This increases heart rate and blood pressure and decreases appetite, among other effects. Adderall is used to treat narcolepsy and attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD). Adipex is a sympathomimetic amine, which is similar to an amphetamine. It is also known as an "anorectic" or "anorexigenic" drug. Adipex stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain), which increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite. Adipex is used as a short-term supplement to diet and exercise in the treatment of obesity. Metformin is used to regulate blood glucose (sugar) levels. Metformin works in three ways: first, it reduces the amount of glucose produced by the liver; second, it reduces the amount of glucose absorbed from food through the stomach; and third, it makes the insulin that the body produces work better to reduce the amount of glucose already in the blood. Rosiglitazone is an antihyperglycemic agent. It helps the body respond better to insulin and it reduces the amount of sugar produced by the liver. It can help control blood sugar levels. Aleve is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Aleve works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Aleve is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by many conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury, abdominal cramps associated with menstruation, tendinitis, and bursitis. Alimta interferes with the production and maintenance of DNA, which is the genetic material in the cells of the body. Alimta has a greater effect on cells that reproduce often, like cancer cells. This is how Alimta works in the treatment of mesothelioma. Alimta is used in the treatment of pleural mesothelioma, a form of lung cancer associated with exposure to asbestos. Allegra is an antihistamine. Antihistamines work against the naturally occurring chemical histamine in your body.Alprazolam is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Alprazolam affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety.Ambien induces sleep and causes relaxation. It is used to treat sleep disorders such as trouble falling asleep, waking up many times during the night, or waking up too early in the morning. Amitriptyline is in a class of drugs called tricyclic antidepressants. Amitriptyline affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression. Amitriptyline is used to relieve symptoms of depression Amoxicillin is an antibiotic in the class of drugs called penicillins. It fights bacteria in your body.Arimidex blocks the use of estrogen by certain types of breast cancer that require estrogen to grow. Arimidex is used to treat breast cancer. Atenolol is used to lower blood pressure,Ativan is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Ativan affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety, insomnia, and seizures.Augmentin is an antibioticSulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are both antibiotics that treat different types of bacterial infections. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim fight bacteria in your body. Bactrim is used to treat infections such as urinary tract infections, bronchitis, ear infections (otitis), traveler's diarrhea, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Bextra is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Bextra works by reducing substances in the body that cause inflammation, pain, and fever. Bextra is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis and adult rheumatoid arthritis. Bextra is also used to treat painful menstruation. Biaxin is in a class of drugs called macrolide antibiotics. Biaxin fights bacteria in your body. Biaxin is used to treat many different types of bacterial infections, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, tonsillitis, skin infections, and stomach ulcers caused by bacteria. Bontril is a sympathomimetic amine, which is similar to an amphetamine. It is also known as an "anorectic" or "anorexigenic" drug. Bontril stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain), which increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite. Bontril is used as a short-term supplement to diet and exercise in the treatment of obesity. Carisoprodol is a muscle relaxant. It works by blocking nerve impulses (or pain sensations) that are sent to your brain. Carisoprodol is used, along with rest and physical therapy, to treat injuries and other painful muscular conditions. Celebrex is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Celebrex works by reducing substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever in the body. Celebrex is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. Celebrex is also used to reduce the number of adenomatous colorectal polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), to treat acute pain, and to treat pain associated with menstruation. Celexa is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Celexa affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression. Celexa is used to treat depression. Cephalexin is an antibiotic in a class of drugs called cephalosporins. Cephalexin fights bacteria in the body. Cephalexin is used to treat many different types of bacterial infections such as bronchitis, tonsillitis, ear infections, skin infections, and urinary tract infections. Cialis (tadalafil) relaxes muscles within the penis. This allows increased blood flow into the penis, necessary to achieve and maintain an erection. Cialis (tadalafil) is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence). Cipro is an antibiotic in a group of drugs called fluoroquinolones. Cipro fights bacteria in the body. Cipro is used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Clonazepam is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Clonazepam affects chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause seizures. Clonazepam is used to treat seizures. Concerta is a mild stimulant to the central nervous system (brain and nerves). The exact way that Concerta works is unknown. Concerta is used to treat attention deficit disorder (ADD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and narcolepsy.Coumadin is an anticoagulant (blood thinner). Coumadin reduces the formation of blood clots, which is important in the prevention of heart attacks, strokes, and blockage of major veins and arteries. Crestor is an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor. Crestor blocks the production of cholesterol (a type of fat) in the body. Crestor is used to reduce the amounts of LDL (bad) cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides (another type of fat), and apolipoprotein B (a protein needed to make cholesterol) in the blood. Crestor also increases the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in the blood. These actions are important in reducing the risk of atherosclerosis (fatty deposits in the arteries), which can lead to heart attack, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Cymbalta is an antidepressant medication. It affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression. Cymbalta is used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and for the management of pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diazepam is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Diazepam affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety, seizures, and muscle spasms. Diazepam is used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders. It is also used to treat certain types of seizure disorders and muscle spasms. Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic. It fights bacteria in the body. Doxycycline is used to treat many different bacterial infections, such as urinary tract infections, acne, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, periodontitis (gum disease), and others. Effexor is in a class of drugs called antidepressants. Effexor affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression or anxiety. Effexor is used to treat depression, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder (social phobia). Femara blocks the use of estrogen by certain types of breast cancer that require estrogen to grow. Femara is used with other medicines to treat breast cancer in women who have reached menopause. Fioricet? ? Acetaminophen is a pain reliever and fever reducer. Butalbital is in a class of drugs called barbiturates that slow down your central nervous system (brain and nerve impulses) causing relaxation. Caffeine is believed to constrict dilated blood vessels that may contribute to tension headaches. Together, acetaminophen, butalbital, and caffeine are used to relieve complex tension (muscle contraction) headaches although precisely how it works is unknown. Folic acid is a naturally occurring substance that is important for the formation of red and white blood cells. Folic acid is present in foods such as dried beans, peas, lentils, oranges, whole-wheat products, liver, asparagus, beets, broccoli, brussels sprouts, and spinach. As a medication, folic acid is used to treat folic acid deficiency and megaloblastic anemia caused by folic acid deficiency. Foradil is a long-acting bronchodilator. It works by relaxing muscles in the airways to improve breathing. Foradil inhalation is used for the maintenance (prevention) treatment of asthma. It is also used to prevent asthma attacks that are brought on by exercise (exercise-induced asthma). It is used only to prevent asthma attacks, not to treat an attack already in progress. Foradil will not work fast enough to give relief during an asthma attack. Foradil inhalation is also used in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Gabapentin affects chemicals and nerves in the body that are involved in the cause of seizures and some types of pain. The exact way that it works is unknown. Gabapentin is used with other drugs in the treatment of some types of seizures and for the management of postherpetic neuralgia (nerve pain caused by the herpes virus or shingles). Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain. Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone. Together, hydrocodone and acetaminophen are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain. Insulin is a hormone naturally produced by the pancreas. Insulin enables the body to use the sugar in food as a source of energy. When the body does not produce enough insulin, or when the insulin produced by the body is not effective enough, the condition is called diabetes mellitus. This condition allows sugar levels in the blood to become very high. Diabetics must use man-made insulin or insulin that comes from pigs (which is very similar to human insulin) to lower these high blood sugar levels. There are three types of insulin, which differ in how soon they begin to work and how long their effects last. Insulin aspart is one type of insulin that begins to work very quickly and its effects that last for approximately 3 to 5 hours. Insulin aspart is usually used in combination with another longer-acting insulin. Klonopin (clonazepam) is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Klonopin (clonazepam) affects chemicals in your brain that may become unbalanced and cause seizures or symptoms of panic disorder. Klonopin (clonazepam) is used to treat seizures and panic disorder. The exact way that Lamictal works is unknown. However, it is believed that Lamictal affects chemicals in the brain involved in seizures and in bipolar disorder. Lamictal is used alone or in combination with other medications in the treatment of seizures. Lamictal is also used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. Levaquin is an antibiotic in a class of drugs called fluoroquinolones. It fights bacteria in the body. Levaquin is used to treat various types of bacterial infections. Levitra relaxes muscles within the penis. This allows increased blood flow into the penis which is necessary to achieve and maintain an erection. Levitra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence). Lexapro is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Lexapro affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression. Lexapro is used to treat depression. Lipitor is an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor. Lipitor blocks the production of cholesterol (a type of fat) in the body. Lipitor is used to reduce the amounts of LDL (bad) cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides (another type of fat), and apolipoprotein B (a protein needed to make cholesterol) in your blood. Lipitor is also used to increase the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in your blood. These actions are important in reducing the risk of hardening of the arteries, which can lead to heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Lisinopril is in a class of drugs called angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. Lisinopril is used to lower blood pressure, to treat congestive heart failure, and to improve the survival rate after a heart attack. Lithium is a naturally occurring substance. As a medication, lithium reduces chemicals in the body that cause excitation or mania. Lithium is used to treat manic episodes of manic-depressive illness. Lithium helps to prevent and control symptoms of mania such as hyperactivity, rushed speech, poor judgment, reduced need for sleep, aggression, and anger. Lodine is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Lodine works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Lodine is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by many conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and injury. Lorazepam is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Lorazepam affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Lorazepam is used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders. It is also used to treat certain types of seizure disorders and to relieve insomnia (induce sleep). Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain. Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone. Together, acetaminophen and hydrocodone are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain. Meridia affects chemicals in the body that are related to weight maintenance. Meridia is used as a short-term supplement to diet and exercise in the treatment of obesity Metformin is used to regulate blood glucose (sugar) levels. Metformin works in three ways: first, it reduces the amount of glucose produced by your liver; second, it reduces the amount of glucose absorbed from food through your stomach; and third, it makes the insulin that your body produces work better to reduce the amount of glucose already in your blood. Metformin is used to treat non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM or Type II diabetes). Methadone is a narcotic pain reliever, similar to morphine. Methadone also reduces withdrawal symptoms in people addicted to heroin or other narcotic drugs without causing the '"high" associated with the drug addiction. Methadone is used as a pain reliever and as part of drug addiction detoxification and maintenance programs. Methamphetamine is a stimulant and an appetite suppressant. It stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain) by increasing the amount of certain chemicals in your body. This increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite, among other effects. Methamphetamine is used to treat attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity (ADHD). Metronidazole is an antibiotic. It fights bacteria in your body. Metronidazole is used to treat infections such as abdominal infections, skin and tissue infections, bone and joint infections, gynecologic infections, and respiratory tract infections. Mobic is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Mobic works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Mobic is used to reduce the pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis.Morphine is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain. Morphine is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain. Naproxen is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Naproxen works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Naproxen is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by many conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, injury, abdominal cramps associated with menstruation, tendinitis, and bursitis. Neurontin affects chemicals and nerves in the body that are involved in the cause of seizures and some types of pain. The exact way that it works is unknown. Neurontin is used with other drugs in the treatment of some types of seizures and for the management of postherpetic neuralgia (nerve pain caused by the herpes virus or shingles). Nexium decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Nexium is used to treat ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD or heartburn), erosive esophagitis, and other conditions involving excessive stomach acid production. Nicotine is the primary compound found in tobacco products. Nicotine in medical products is used as an aid to smoking cessation, to reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms when you quit smoking. Norvasc is in a class of drugs called calcium channel blockers. Norvasc relaxes (widens) the blood vessels (veins and arteries), making it easier for the heart to pump and reducing its workload. Norvasc is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) and to treat angina (chest pain). Oxycodone is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It is a pain reliever. Oxycodone is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain. OxyContin is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It is a pain reliever. OxyContin is used to treat moderate-to-severe pain. Paxil is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Paxil affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression, panic, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Paxil is used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder (social phobia), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Penicillin V is an antibiotic in the class of drugs called penicillins. It fights bacteria in your body. Penicillin V is used to treat many different types of infections, such as tonsillitis, pneumonia, strep throat, bronchitis, and infections of the skin. Oxycodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain. Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of oxycodone. Together, acetaminophen and oxycodone are used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain. Phentermine is a sympathomimetic amine, which is similar to an amphetamine. It is also known as an "anorectic" or "anorexigenic" drug. Phentermine stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain), which increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite. Phentermine is used as a short-term supplement to diet and exercise in the treatment of obesity. Plavix prevents platelets (substances in the blood) from clustering. This helps to prevent blood from forming blood clots. Plavix is used in the prevention and treatment of heart attack, stroke, blood clots, and acute coronary syndrome. Potassium is a mineral that is found naturally in foods and is necessary for many normal functions of the body, especially beating of the heart. Potassium chloride is used to prevent or to treat a potassium deficiency. Prednisone is in a class of drugs called steroids. Prednisone reduces swelling and decreases the body's ability to fight infections. Prednisone is used to treat many different conditions. It is used to treat endocrine (hormonal) disorders when the body does not produce enough of its own steroids. It is also used to treat many disorders such as arthritis, lupus, severe psoriasis, severe asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Prevacid decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Prevacid is used to treat and prevent stomach and intestinal ulcers, erosive esophagitis (damage to the esophagus from stomach acid), and other conditions involving excessive stomach acid such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. Prilosec decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Prilosec is used to treat ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD or heartburn), and other conditions involving excessive stomach acid production. Propecia prevents the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in the body. DHT is involved in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hair loss. Proscar is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate). Propecia is also used to reduce hair loss due to male pattern baldness. Protonix decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach. Protonix is used to treat damage to the esophagus associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and other conditions involving excessive stomach acid production (e.g. Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome). The exact way that Provigil works is not known. Provigil is used to improve wakefulness in patients with excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy. Provigil may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide. Prozac is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Prozac affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression or mood disturbances, eating disorders, or obsessive or compulsive symptoms. Prozac is used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, panic disorder, and bulimia (binge eating and purging). Prozac is also used to treat premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), symptoms of which occur in the week or two before a woman's menstrual period and commonly include irritability, mood swings, and tension as well as the physical symptoms of bloating and breast tenderness. Ritalin is a mild stimulant to the central nervous system (brain and nerves). The exact way that Ritalin works is unknown. Ritalin is used to treat attention deficit disorder (ADD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and narcolepsy. Seroquel is an antipsychotic medication. It works by changing the actions of chemicals in the brain. Seroquel is used to treat the symptoms of psychotic conditions, including hallucinations, delusions, and confusion. Seroquel may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide. Soma is a muscle relaxant. It works by blocking nerve impulses (or pain sensations) that are sent to your brain. Soma is used, along with rest and physical therapy, to treat injuries and other painful muscular conditions. Strattera affects chemicals in the brain. Strattera is used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). What is Synthroid? Levothyroxine is a naturally occurring hormone produced by your thyroid. It is important for normal energy and metabolism. For a variety of reasons, your body may not produce enough of this hormone on its own. In these cases, Synthroid is taken to replace your body's natural thyroid hormone. Synthroid is also used to prevent and treat goiter (growth or enlargement of the thyroid gland). Causes of goiter include hormonal imbalances, radiation, surgery, and cancer. Thyroid hormones are produced naturally in the body by the thyroid gland. They are important for maintaining normal energy and metabolism. For a variety of reasons, the body may not produce enough thyroid hormone on its own. In these cases, medication is taken to replace the body's natural thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones are also used to prevent and treat goiter (growth or enlargement of the thyroid gland) and along with surgery and radiation therapy in the treatment of certain thyroid cancers. Topamax is used to control seizures. The exact way that it works is unknown. However, it is believed that Topamax alters the chemical impulses in the brain that cause seizures.Toprol-XL is in a group of drugs called beta-blockers. Beta-blockers affect the heart and circulation (blood flow through arteries and veins). Toprol-XL is used to treat angina (chest pain) and hypertension (high blood pressure). It is also used to treat or prevent heart attack. Tramadol is a pain reliever. Tramadol affects chemicals and receptors in the body that are associated with pain. Tramadol is used to relieve moderate to moderately severe pain. Tysabri is an monoclonal antibody that affects the actions of the body's immune system. Tysabri is used in the treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. What is Ultracet? Acetaminophen and tramadol are both pain relievers. The exact way that Ultracet works is unknown. Ultracet is used for the short-term (5 days or less) management of pain. Ultram is a narcotic pain reliever. Ultram is used to treat moderate to severe pain. Valium (diazepam) is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Valium (diazepam) affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety, seizures, and muscle spasms. Valium (diazepam) is used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders. It is also used to treat certain types of seizure disorders and muscle spasms. Valtrex is an antiviral drug. It slows the growth and spread of the herpes virus so that the body can fight off the infection. Valtrex lessens the symptoms of these infections and shortens the length of time you are sick. Valtrex is used to treat genital herpes, shingles, and cold sores. Viagra relaxes muscles and increases blood flow to particular areas of the body. Sildenafil under the name Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. Another brand of sildenafil is Revatio, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve exercise capacity in men and women. What is Vicodin? Hydrocodone (related to codeine) is in a class of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It relieves pain. Acetaminophen is a less potent pain reliever that increases the effects of hydrocodone. Together, Vicodin is used to relieve moderate-to-severe pain. (Vioxx)Rofecoxib is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Rofecoxib works by reducing substances that cause inflammation, pain, and fever in the body. Rofecoxib is used to reduce pain, inflammation, and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and certain forms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; to manage acute pain in adults; to treat migraines; and to treat menstrual pain. Voltaren is in a class of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Voltaren works by reducing hormones that cause inflammation and pain in the body. Voltaren is used to reduce pain, inflammation and stiffness caused by many conditions, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, abdominal cramps associated with menstruation, and ankylosing spondylitis. Vytorin reduces the amount of cholesterol (a type of fat) absorbed by the body and blocks the production of cholesterol in the body. Vytorin is used to reduce the total amounts of cholesterol, LDL (bad) cholesterol, triglycerides (another type of fat), and apolipoprotein B (a protein needed to make cholesterol) in your blood. Vytorin is also used to increase the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in your blood. These actions may reduce the risk of hardening of the arteries, which can lead to heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Wellbutrin is an antidepressant medication. Wellbutrin is used to treat a condition called major depressive disorder. At least one brand of bupropion (Zyban) is used to help people stop smoking by reducing withdrawal effects. Xanax is in a class of drugs called benzodiazepines. Xanax affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety. Xanax is used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders. Xanax is also used to treat panic disorders. Xenical blocks some of the fat that you eat from being absorbed by your body. Xenical is used in the management of obesity including weight loss and weight maintenance when used with a reduced-calorie diet. What is Yasmin? Drospirenone is a form of progesterone and ethinyl estradiol is a form of estrogen. These are both female hormones involved in conception. Together, drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol prevent ovulation (the release of an egg from an ovary) from occurring. Yasmin is used to prevent pregnancy. Zetia (ezetimibe) reduces the amount of cholesterol absorbed by the body. Zetia (ezetimibe) is used to reduce the amount of total cholesterol, LDL (bad) cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B (a protein needed to make cholesterol) in the blood. Zetia (ezetimibe) is used with a low cholesterol diet and, in some cases, other cholesterol lowering medications. Zithromax is in a class of drugs called macrolide antibiotics. Zithromax fights bacteria in the body. Zithromax is used to treat many different types of bacterial infections, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, tonsillitis, skin infections, ear infections, and sexually transmitted diseases. Zocor is an HMG CoA reductase inhibitor. Zocor blocks the production of cholesterol (a type of fat) in the body. Zocor is used to reduce the total amounts of cholesterol, LDL (bad) cholesterol, triglycerides (another type of fat), and apolipoprotein B (a protein needed to make cholesterol) in your blood. Zocor (Zocor) is also used to increase the level of HDL (good) cholesterol in your blood. These actions may reduce the risk of hardening of the arteries, which can lead to heart attacks, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. Zoloft is in a class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Zoloft affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause depression, panic or anxiety, obsessive or compulsive symptoms, or other psychiatric symptoms. Zoloft is used to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), and social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia. Zomig is a headache medicine. It is believed to work by causing vasoconstriction (narrowing) of blood vessels (arteries and veins) around the brain. Zomig also reduces the release of substances in the body that contribute to headache pain, nausea, sensitivity to light and sound, and other migraine symptoms. Zomig is used to treat vascular headaches such as migraines. Zomig will not prevent migraines. It will only treat a migraine that is already occurring. Zyprexa is an antipsychotic medication. It works by changing the actions of chemicals in the brain. Zyprexa is used to treat the symptoms of psychotic conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Zyrtec is an antihistamine. Antihistamines prevent sneezing, runny nose, itching and watering of the eyes, and other allergic symptoms. Zyrtec is used to treat allergies, hives (urticaria), and other allergic inflammatory conditions.

台湾护士的RN考题机经

2008-08-01T08:34:00.000-07:00

这里是一些一些台湾护士的blog总结的RN考题机经http://www.wretch.cc/blog/happen66&article_id=4589864

RN常考单词表

2008-08-01T08:32:00.000-07:00

RN常考单词表 A to Z（word文档约40页纸）abruptio placentae 胎盘早剥acarbose 阿卡波糖acetaminophen 对乙酰氨基苯酚acetohexamide 对乙酰苯磺酰环己脲 acetylsalicylic acid 乙酰水杨酸achalasia 贲门失弛缓症achondroplasia 软骨发育不全acoustic neuroma 听神经瘤acrocyanosis 肢端发绀症acromegaly 肢端肥大症 actinic cheilosis 光化性唇干裂actinomycosis 放线菌病acute intermittent porphyria 急性间歇性卟啉病 acute lymphocytic leukemia 急性淋巴细胞白血病acute myeloid leukemia 急性髓细胞白血病acute nephritic syndrome 急性肾炎综合征acyclovir 阿昔洛韦adenocarcinoma腺癌 adenoma 腺瘤adenosine 腺苷adrenaline 肾上腺素adrenoleukodystrophy 肾上腺脑白质营养不良adrenomyeloneuropathy 肾上腺脊髓神经病变adynamic ileus 麻痹性肠梗阻aerophagia 吞气症aerotitis 航空耳炎agammaglobulinemia 丙种球蛋白缺乏血症ageusia 味觉缺失agnogenic myeloid metaplasia 病因不明之骨髓化生agnosia 失认症 agoraphobia 广场恐怖agraphia 失写症akathisia 静坐不能 alanine transaminase 丙氨酸转氨酶albuterol 沙丁胺醇aldosterone 醛固酮alexia 失读症alkalosis 碱中毒alkylating agents 烷化剂 allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis 过敏性支气管肺曲霉病allopurinol 别嘌呤醇alopecia 脱发alpha-fetoprotein 甲胎蛋白 alpha-thalassemia α-地中海贫血alpha-tocopherol α-生育酚alveolar cell carcinoma 肺泡细胞癌alveoli 肺泡amantadine 金刚烷胺 amblyopia 弱视 amebiasis 阿米巴病ameboma 阿米巴瘤amenorrhea 闭经aminocaproic acid 氨基己酸aminoglutethimide 氨鲁米特（氨基苯乙哌啶酮）aminoglycosides 氨基糖甙类amitriptyline 阿米替林amniocentesis 羊膜腔穿刺术amniotic fluid 羊水 amphetamines 苯丙胺类amphotericin B 两性霉素B ampulla of Vater 瓦特氏壶腹；肝胰管壶腹 amyloidosis 淀粉样变性 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 肌萎缩侧索硬化anaerobic 厌氧性anaphylactoid 过敏性anaphylactoid reactions 过敏反应 anaphylaxis 过敏反应ancylostoma duodenale 十二指肠钩虫anencephaly 无脑畸形 anesthesia 麻醉aneurysm 动脉瘤angina 心绞痛 angioedema 血管性水肿angiofibroma 血管纤维瘤angiography angioma angioplasty angiosarcoma angiotensin anhedonia ankylosing spondylitis anorectal anorexia nervosa anosmia anticoagulants antidiuretic hormone anxiolytics aorta aortic aneurysm aortic dissection aortic stenosis aortic valve regurgitation aortic valve stenosis aphasia apheresis aplastic anemia apnea appendicitis apraxia arachnoid mater Argentinian hemorrhagic fever Arnold-Chiari deformity arrhythmia arteriography arterioles arteriolosclerosis arteriosclerosis arteriovenous fistula arteriovenous malformation arteritis arthritis arthrogryposis multiplex congenita asbestosis ascariasis ascites asparaginase aspartate transaminase aspergilloma aspergillosis asphyxiophilia astrocytomas ataxia-telangiectasia atelectasis atheroembolic atheroma atherosclerosis athetosis atopic atopic dermatitis atresia atrial atrial ectopic beats atrial fibrillation atrial septal defects atrial tachycardia atrioventricular node atrophic gastritis atrophic rhinitis atrophy augmentation cystoplasty auricle auscultation autism autologous azathioprine azoospermia azotemia aztreonam babesiosis bacillary bacteremia bagassosis balanitis xerotica obliterans balanoposthitis barbiturates barotitis media basal ganglia basophils bejel benzodiazepines berylliosis beryllium beta-adrenergic receptor agonists betamethasone beta-thalassemia biliary biliary atresia bilirubin bismuth subsalicylate Bitot's spot blastomycosis blepharitis blepharospasm B lymphocytes borborygmi Bordetella pertussis brachial brachial plexus bradycardia bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome Broca's aphasia bromhidrosis bromocriptine bronchi bronchiectasis bronchioles bronchoalveolar lavage bronchodilators bronchogenic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis bronchopulmonary dysplasia bronchoscopy brucellosis Bruton's agammaglobulinemia bruxism buboe Budd-Chiari syndrome Buerger's disease bullae bullous keratopathy bullous pemphigoid Burkitt's lymphoma bursitis buspirone byssinosis calcaneal calcitonin calcium polycarbophil California encephalitis Calymmatobacterium granulomatis Campylobacter candidiasis canicola fever capillary hemangioma carbachol carbamazepine carbidopa carbuncle carcinoembryonic antigen cardiomyopathy cardiopulmonary resuscitation carisoprodol carotid arteries catecholamines catheter ablation cauda equina causalgia cavernous hemangioma cavernous sinus thrombosis celiac disease cellulitis cephalhematoma cephalosporins cerebellum cerebral palsy cerebrospinal fluid cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis cerebrovascular accident cerebrum ceruloplasmin cerumen cervical spondylosis cervicitis chalazion chancre chancroid Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease cheilitis chemotaxis chlamydial cervicitis chlamydia trachomatis chloramphenicol chlordiazepoxide chlorpheniramine chlorpromazine chlorpropamide chlorzoxazone cholangiocarcinoma cholangiography cholecalciferol cholecystectomy cholecystitis cholecystography choledocholithiasis cholelithiasis cholera cholescintigraphy cholestanol cholestasis cholesteatoma cholinergic cholinergic urticaria chondroblastoma chondroma chondromalacia chondromyxoid chondromyxoid fibroma chondrosarcoma chordoma chorea choreoathetosis chorionic villus sampling choroid chosalicylate chronic lymphocytic leukemia chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis chronic myelocytic leukemia chylomicrons chylothorax ciguatera poisoning cimetidine circulating anticoagulants cirrhosis claudication clidinium climacteric clindamycin clitoris clobetasol clomiphene clonidine clonorchiasis clostridial Clostridium botulinum Clostridium difficile Clostridium perfringens clozapine coagulopathy coarctation cobalamin coccal coccidioidomycosis cochlea coelenterates coenurosis coitus interruptus colchicine colectomy colitis colonoscopy colorectal cancer colostomy colostrum colposcopy comedones computed tomography condylomata acuminata conjunctivitis constrictive pericarditis continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis coronary angioplasty corpora cavernosa corpus luteum cortical necrosis corticosteroid corticotropin corynebacterium Coxiella burnetii creatine kinase creatinine cretinism cricopharyngeal incoordination cri du chat syndrome cromolyn cryoglobulinemia cryptococcosis cryptorchidism culdocentesis curettage cutaneous cutaneous larva migrans cutis laxa cyanosis cyclic neutropenia cyclizine cyclobenzaprine cyclophosphamide cyclosporine cyclothymic disorder cyproheptadine cystadenocarcinoma cysticercosis cystinuria cystocele cystosarcoma phyllodes cystoscopy cytapheresis cytokines cytomegalovirus cytotoxic drugs dacryocystitis dacryostenosis decortication deep vein thrombosis dehydrogenase Dejerine-Sottas disease dementia dementia pugilistica demyelination dengue fever deoxyribonucleic acid dermatitis dermatitis herpetiformis dermatofibroma dermatomes dermatomyositis desquamative gingivitis dexamethasone dexchlorpheniramine dextromethorphan diabetes insipidus diabetes mellitus dialysis diaphragm diastole diazepam dicyclomine didanosine diethylstilbestrol digitalis digoxin dilatation and curettage dilated congestive cardiomyopathy dimenhydrinate dimercaprol dinoflagellates diphenhydramine diphtheria diphyllobothriasis diplopia dipyridamole disseminated intravascular coagulation dissociative fugue disulfiram divalproex diverticula diverticular disease diverticulitis diverticulosis doxepin doxylamine dronabinol Duchenne's muscular dystrophy duodenum dysarthria dyschezia dysentery dysgenesis dysgeusia dysgraphia dyshidrosis dyslexia dysmenorrhea dysmetria dysosmia dyspareunia dyspepsia dysphagia dysphagia lusoria dysphasia dysphonia dysplastic nevi dyspnea dysrhythmia dystocia dystonia dystrophin dysuria Ebola echinococcosis echocardiography echoencephalography echolalia eclampsia ectopic ectopic corticotropin syndrome ectropion eczema edema edetate calcium disodium ehrlichiosis electrocardiography electrocochleography electroencephalography electrolarynx electrolytes electromyography electrophoresis elephantiasis elliptocytosis embolism emesis emphysema empyema encephalitis encephalocele encephalography encephalomyelitis encephalopathy encopresis endocarditis endocervical endocervical curettage endocytosis endogenous depression endometriosis endometrium endophthalmitis endorphins endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography endoscopy endotoxin enkephalins enteral enteric fever enteritis Enterobacteriaceae enterobiasis enteropathy entropion enuresis eosinophil eosinophilia eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome eosinophilic gastritis eosinophilic granuloma ependymomas ephedrine epicondylitis epidermolytic hyperkeratosis epididymis epididymo-orchitis epidural epidural hematoma epidural hemorrhage epiglottis epiglottitis epinephrine epiphysis episcleritis episiotomy epispadias epistaxis equine encephalitis ergocalciferol ergotamine erysipelas erysipelothricosis erythema infectiosum erythema nodosum erythrasma erythroblastosis fetalis erythrocytes erythroplakia erythroplasia of queyrat erythropoietic protoporphyria erythropoietin eschar Escherichia coli esophageal esophagus esotropia ethacrynic acid ethambutol ethosuximide ethylene dichloride etretinate eustachian tube euthyroid sick syndrome excoriation exfoliative dermatitis exophthalmos exotropia exstrophy extracorporeal membrane oxygenation extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy extrinsic allergic alveolitis familial polyposis famotidine Fanconi's syndrome fasciitis femoral epiphysis fibrillation fibrin fibrinolytic drugs fibroadenoma fibroid fibrolamellar fibrolamellar carcinoma fibroma fibromyalgia syndromes fibromyositis fibrosarcoma fibrosis fibrous histiocytoma filariasis filiform warts filovirus fistula fluconazole flucytosine fluocinolone fluoroscopy fluorouracil flurazepam folliculitis foramen ovale foscarnet fourchette Friedreich's ataxia fructosuria furosemide gabapentin galactorrhea galactosemia gamete intrafallopian tube transfer gamma globulin gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase ganciclovir ganglioside gastrinoma gastritis gastroenteritis gastroesophageal reflux gastrointestinal gastroscopy genitourinary tract giant diverticula giardiasis Gibraltar fever Gilchrist's disease gingivostomatitis glioblastoma multiforme glipizide globus sensation glomeruli glomerulonephritis glomerulopathies glomerulus glossitis glossodynia glossopharyngeal glossopharyngeal neuralgia glucagon glucagonoma glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gluten enteropathy glyburide glycosuria glycosylated glycosylated hemoglobin gonorrhea granulocytes granuloma granuloma annulare granuloma inguinale granulomatous granulomatous ileitis granulomatous thyroiditis griseofulvin guaifenesin gynecomastia halcinonide halitosis hallucinogens hallux halobetasol haloperidol hantavirus Helicobacter pylori hemangioblastoma hemangioma hemapheresis hematocele hematocrit hematoma hematopoietic syndrome hematuria hemochromatosis hemodialysis hemoglobin hemolysis hemolytic hemolytic anemia hemolytic-uremic syndrome Hemophilus hemoptysis hemorrhage hemorrhagic colitis hemosiderosis hemostasis hemothorax hepatic encephalopathy hepatitis hepatoblastoma hepatocellular hepatocellular adenoma hepatocellular carcinoma hepatoma hepatomegaly hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia herpes gestationis herpetic whitlow herpetiformis hiatal hiatal hernia hirsutism histiocytoma histiocytosis X histocompatibility histoplasmosis homeostasis hordeolum human chorionic gonadotropin human leukocyte antigens human menopausal gonadotropins hyamembrane disease hydatidiform hydralazine hydranencephaly hydrocele hydrocephalus hydrocortisone hydromorphone hydronephrosis hydroxychloroquine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid hydroxyzine hyoscyamine hyperaldosteronism hyperbilirubinemia hypercalcemia hypercholesterolemia hyperchylomicronemia hyperemesis gravidarum hypereosinophilic syndrome hyperglycemia hyperhidrosis hyperkalemia hyperlipidemia hyperlipoproteinemias hypermagnesemia hypernatremia hypernephroma hyperosmia hyperparathyroidism hyperphosphatemia hypersensitivity pneumonitis hyperthyroidism hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hypertrophic interstitial neuropathy hyperuricemia hyperviscosity syndrome hypobetalipoproteinemia hypocalcemia hypocapnia hypochondriasis hypogammaglobulinemia hypoglossal hypoglycemic hypogonadism hypokalemia hypolipoproteinemia hypomagnesemia hyponatremia hypopharynx hypophosphatemia hypopigmentation hypopituitarism hypoplastic left heart syndrome hypospadias hypothalamus hypothyroidism hypotropia hysterectomy hysterosalpingography hysteroscopy ichthyosis idiopathic idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura idoxuridine ileal loop ileitis ileo-anal anastomosis ileocolitis ileum ileus imipenem imipramine immune globulin immunoglobulin indinavir indomethacin infarction inguinal inguinal hernia insulinoma interstitial cystitis interstitial pneumonitis intestinal lipodystrophy intestinal lymphangiectasia intracerebral intracranial hematoma intracranial hemorrhage intraocular pressure intravenous urography introitus intussusception iridocyclitis ischemia ischemic isoniazid isotretinoin jejunum Kaposi's sarcoma keloids keratectomy keratinous keratitis keratoacanthomas keratoconus keratolytic agents keratomalacia keratopathy keratosis pilaris keratotomy kernicterus ketoacidosis ketoconazole ketoprofen Klebsiella Kussmaul's respiration kwashiorkor kyphosis labyrinthitis lacrimal lactulose laminaria lamivudine lamotrigine Landouzy-Dejerine muscular dystrophy lansoprazole laparoscopy larva migrans laryngectomy laryngoceles larynx Leber's hereditary optic atrophy leiomyoma leptospirosis Letterer-Siwe disease leukocyte esterase leukoplakia levodopa levorphanol lhermitte's sign lichenification lichen planus lichen simplex chronicus lincomycin linoleic acid deficiency lipase lipedema lipidoses lipodystrophy lipoma lipopolysaccharide lipoproteins listeriosis lithiasis lithium lithotripsy loop of Henle lovastatin lupus erythematosus luteinizing hormone lymphadenitis lymphangiectasia lymphangiography lymphangioma lymphangitis lymphedema lymphoblastic lymphocytes lymphocytic choriomeningitis lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytic thyroiditis lymphocytopenia lymphogranuloma venereum lymphoid interstitial lymphokine-activated killer cells lymphoma lysergic acid diethylamide macroglobulinemia macrolide macrophages macula macular degeneration maculopapular magnesium salicylate malaria malignant fibrous histiocytoma malignant hyperthermia malignant nephrosclerosis malleus malocclusion mammography manganese manometry marasmus mastalgia mastectomy mastitis mastocytosis mastoiditis maxilla mean corpuscular hemoglobin Meckel's diverticulum meclizine meconium mediastinal mediastinoscopy medroxyprogesterone medulla medullary cystic disease medullary thyroid cancer medulloblastomas megaesophagus megakaryocytes megaloblastic megaloblastic anemias melanin melanocytes melanoma melasma membranoproliferative membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis menaquinone menarche Meniere's disease meninges meningioma meningitis meningocele meningococcal meningovascular neurosyphilis meperidine meprobamate mercaptopurine mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis mesenteric artery mesothelioma metabolic acidosis metabolic alkalosis metastasis metatarsal metaxalone metformin methamphetamine methimazole methocarbamol methotrexate methylcellulose methyldopa methylenedioxymethamphetamine methylphenidate methyl salicylate metronidazole microangiopathic microcephaly micturition syncope mifepristone misoprostol mitochondrial mitral mitral valve mitral valve prolapse mitral valve regurgitation mittelschmerz molluscum contagiosum molybdenum moniliasis monoamine oxidase inhibitors monoclonal gammopathies monocytes mononeuropathy mucocele mucocutaneous candidiasis mucolytics mucopolysaccharidoses mucormycosis mucus multi-infarct dementia multiple endocrine neoplasia multiple myeloma Munchausen syndrome muscarine muscular atrophy muscular dystrophy musculoskeletal system myalgia myasthenia gravis Mycobacterium leprae Mycoplasma pneumoniae mycosis fungoides myelin sheath myelitis myeloblastic myelocele myelocyte myelocytic myelocytic leukemia myelofibrosis myelogenous myelography myelomonocytic myelopathy myeloproliferative myeloproliferative disorders myocardial myocardial infarction myocarditis myocardium myoclonus myofascial myopathy myopia myotonia congenita myotonic myotonic dystrophy myotonic myopathies myringitis myxedema myxoma myxomatous degeneration nail-patella syndrome naltrexone naproxen narcoanalysis narcolepsy nasopharynx necator americanus necrosis necrotizing enteritis necrotizing enterocolitis necrotizing fasciitis necrotizing sialometaplasia necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis nedocromil Neisseria Neisseria meningitidis neoplasm neostigmine nephritic nephritis nephroblastoma nephrogenic nephrogenic diabetes insipidus nephrons nephrosclerosis nephrotic nephrotic syndrome neuritis neurodermatitis neurofibromatosis neurogenic bladder neurologic neuroma neuromuscular junction neuropathic neuropathies neuropathy neurosyphilis neurotoxins neutropenia neutrophils nevi flammeus nevirapine nitrofurantoin Nocardia nocardiosis nocturia nodular sclerosis non-Hodgkin's lymphoma nonketotic hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar coma nontropical sprue nontyphoidal noradrenaline norepinephrine nummular dermatitis occipital lobe occlusive arterial disease odontoma oligodendroglioma omeprazole omphalocele oncogenes onychomycosis oocytes ophthalmia ophthalmia neonatorum ophthalmoscopy opioids optic neuritis orchiectomy orchitis oropharynx orthopnea orthostatic hypotension orthostatic proteinuria orthotics osmolality osmotic osmotic diarrhea ossicles osteoarthritis osteochondrodysplasias osteochondroma osteochondrosis osteogenesis imperfecta osteogenic osteogenic sarcoma osteoma osteomalacia osteomyelitis osteopetroses osteoporosis osteosarcoma ostomy otitis externa otitis media otosclerosis ovale malaria oximetry oxybutynin oxycodone oxymetazoline oxymorphone oxytocin pajaroello pancreas pancreatitis panhypopituitarism pantothenic acid papilledema papillitis papilloma papillomavirus para-aminobenzoic acid paracentesis parainfluenza virus paralytic ileus paranasal sinuses paraneoplastic parapharyngeal paraphilias paraphimosis parasomnias parenteral paresthesia paretic neurosyphilis parietal lobe paronychia parotid gland paroxysmal atrial tachycardia paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria parvovirus patellofemoral stress syndrome patent ductus arteriosus pediculosis pedophilia pemphigoid pemphigus penicillamine pentazocine pentosuria percutaneous percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography perennial allergic rhinitis pergolide pericardial pericarditis pericardium perichondritis pericoronitis perineum periodontal periodontitis perioral perioral dermatitis periorbital periorbital cellulitis peripheral ulcerative keratitis peristalsis peritoneal peritoneal dialysis peritoneum peritonitis peroneal peroneal muscular atrophy peroneal tenosynovitis pertussis petechiae peyote phagocyte phagocytosis phalloidine pharmacodynamics pharmacokinetics pharyngitis pharynx phencyclidine phenobarbital phenotype phenylalaninemia phenylephrine phenylketonuria phenylpropanolamine phenylpyruvic oligophrenia phenytoin pheochromocytoma phimosis phlebitis phlebotomy phlegm phosgene photorefractive keratectomy phycomycosis phylloquinone phytanic acid pilocarpine iontophoresis sweat test pilonidal disease pineal gland pinealoma pinguecula pituitary pityriasis rosea placenta previa plasmacytoma plasmapheresis pleuritic pneumococcal pneumoconiosis pneumocystis carinii pneumomediastinum pneumonia pneumonic plague pneumonitis pneumothorax podagra pollinosis polyarteritis nodosa polychondritis polycystic polycystic ovary syndrome polycythemia polycythemia vera polydipsia polyglandular deficiency syndromes polymerase chain reaction polymyalgia rheumatica polymyositis polyneuropathy polyomavirus infection polyp polysomnography polyuria pompholyx popliteus popliteus tendinitis porencephaly porphyria portal-systemic encephalopathy portal vein thrombosis positron emission tomography posterior tibial neuralgia postherpetic postherpetic neuralgia postinfectious encephalitis postinfectious encephalomyelitis postinfectious glomerulonephritis postmenopausal osteoporosis postpoliomyelitis syndrome poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis prednisone preeclampsia presbycusis presbyopia priapism primary biliary cirrhosis primary sclerosing cholangitis primidone procidentia proctitis progesterone progestins progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy progressive muscular atrophy progressive pseudobulbar palsy progressive rubella panencephalitis progressive supranuclear palsy prolactinoma proliferative retinopathy promethazine propantheline prophylaxis propoxyphene propylthiouracil prostaglandin prostate prostatitis protease inhibitors proteosomes prothrombin protoporphyrin pruritus pseudobulbar pseudocholinesterase pseudocyst pseudodementia pseudoephedrine pseudofolliculitis barbae pseudogout pseudohermaphroditism pseudohypoparathyroidism pseudomembrane Pseudomonas pseudoprecocious puberty pseudotumor cerebri pseudoxanthoma elasticum psilocybin psittacosis psoralens psoriasis psoriatic arthritis psychogenic psychosomatic psyllium pterygium pudendal block pugilistica pulmonary alveolar proteinosis pulmonary edema pulmonary embolism purpura pyelonephritis pyloric stenosis pyogenic pyogenic granulomas pyomyositis pyorrhea pyrazinamide pyridostigmine pyridoxine pyrogens pyruvate pyruvate metabolism pyruvic acid quadrantectomy quinolones radial keratotomy radioallergosorbent test radionuclide ranitidine rapidly progressive nephritic syndrome regional enteritis relapsing polychondritis renal artery stenosis Rendu-Osler-Weber disease renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system reserpine respiratory syncytial virus reticulocytes reticulum cell sarcoma retina retinitis pigmentosa retinoblastoma retinoic acid retinopathy retrobulbar retrobulbar neuritis retroperitoneal retroperitoneal abscess retropharyngeal reverse transcriptase inhibitors rhabdomyomas rhinitis rhinocerebral mucormycosis rhinoliths rhinophyma ribavirin ribonucleic acid rickettsial rickettsialpox rifampin rimantadine ritonavir rosacea roseola infantum saccular salicylic acid salmonella salmonellosis salpingitis San Joaquin fever saquinavir sarcoidosis sarcomas sarcopenia schistosomiasis schizophreniform disorders schizotypal personality schwannoma sciatica scleritis scleroderma sclerosis scratch dermatitis sebaceous seborrheic seborrheic dermatitis seborrheic keratosis secobarbital selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors selegiline sella turcica senile osteoporosis sensorineural hearing loss sensory neuropathy sepsis sepsis neonatorum sequoiosis serotonin Serratia sesamoid shigellosis sideropenic dysphagia siderosis sigmoidoscopy silicosis sinus bradycardia sitosterolemia sodoku somatoform spasmodic dysphonia spasmodic torticollis spectinomycin spermatocele spherocytosis sphincter of Oddi sphincterotomy sphingomyelin spider angioma spina bifida spinal hematoma spinal muscular atrophy spinal stenosis Spirillum minus spirochetal spirochetes spirometry spironolactone splenomegaly spondylosis spongiform encephalopathy spontaneous pneumothorax sporotrichosis squamous St. Louis encephalitis stapedius muscle staphylococcal stasis dermatitis status epilepticus stavudine steatorrhea Steinert's disease Stein-Leventhal stenosis strabismus stratum corneum Streptobacillus moniliformis Streptococcus pneumoniae strongyloidiasis subacute granulomatous thyroiditis subacute sclerosing panencephalitis subarachnoid subarachnoid hemorrhage subcutaneous subdural subdural empyema subdural hemorrhage suberosis sublingual gland submandibular gland succinylcholine sucralfate Sudeck's atrophy sulfasalazine sulfonamides sulfonylurea drugs sumatriptan superficial phlebitis superficial punctate keratitis superior vena cava syndrome supraglottitis supranuclear Sydenham's chorea syncope syphilitic syringobulbia syringomyelia systemic lupus erythematosus systemic sclerosis T3 T4 tabetic neurosyphilis tachycardia tachypnea tacrine taenia saginata taenia solium Takayasu's arteritis talipes tamoxifen technetium telangiectasia temporomandibular joint tendinitis tenesmus tenosynovitis tension pneumothorax teratogen terbutaline testotoxicosis tetralogy of Fallot tetraodon poisoning thalamus thalassemia thalidomide theophylline thioridazine thiothixene thoracentesis thoracic thoracoscopy thoracotomy thrombasthenia thrombin thromboangiitis obliterans thrombocythemia thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenic purpura thrombolytic thrombophlebitis thrombosis thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura thromboxane thyroidectomy thyroiditis thyroxine tic douloureux ticlopidine tinea versicolor tolazamide tolbutamide tonsillar tophi torsion dystonia torticollis toxic amblyopia toxic colitis toxic epidermal necrolysis toxocariasis toxoplasmosis trachea tracheoesophageal fistula tracheostomy trachoma transaminases transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation transient hypogammaglobulinemia transient ischemic attack transverse myelitis Treponema tretinoin triamcinolone trichinosis Trichomonas vaginalis trichomoniasis trichotillomania trichuriasis trifluridine trigeminal trigeminal neuralgia triglycerides triiodothyronine trimethadione trimethobenzamide tripelennamine Tropheryma whippelii trophozoites tropical spastic paraparesis tubulointerstitial tubulointerstitial nephritis tularemia ulcerative colitis ulcerative proctitis ultrasonography umbilical upper gastrointestinal endoscopy Ureaplasma urealyticum ureter ureteritis urethra urethral caruncle urethritis urodynamic uroflometer urolithiasis urticaria urticaria pigmentosa uterine uterus uvea vaginismus valproate valvuloplasty vancomycin varicella-zoster varicocele vasculitis vas deferens vasomotor rhinitis vasopressin vasovagal syncope vastus medialis vena cava veno-occlusive disease ventricular ventricular ectopic beat ventricular fibrillation ventricular tachycardia verrucae vesicostomy vestibular neurectomy vestibular neuronitis vestibular schwannoma vestibulitis Vibrio cholerae vidarabine visceral larva migrans volvulus von Gierke's disease warfarin Wegener's granulomatosis Wernicke's aphasia Wernicke's encephalopathy Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome xanthelasma xanthomatosis xenografts xerophthalmia X-linked agammaglobulinemia x-ray absorptiometry xylometazoline xylulose Yersinia pestis zalcitabine Zenker's diverticulum zidovudine zygote intrafallopian tube transfer

一些复习讲义 NS & drugs

2008-08-01T08:31:00.000-07:00

Mnemonic for cranial nerves:Oh (Olfactory)Oh (Optic)Oh (Oculomotor)To (Trochlear)Touch (Trigeminal)And (Abducens)Feel (Facial)Virgin (Vestibulocochlear)Girls' (Glossopharyngeal)Vaginas (Vagus)And (Accessory)Hymens (Hypoglossal)To remember motor, sensory or both:SomeSayMarilynMonroe,ButMyBrotherSaysBridgetteBardotMovesMen Nerve [Classification] [Major functions] AssessmentI Olfactory Sensory Smell Have patient identify a familiar scent with eyes closed (usually deferred).II Optic Sensory Vision (acuity and field of vision); pupil reactivity to light and accommodation (afferent impulse)Have patient read from a card or newspaper, one eye at a time. Test visual fields by having patient cover one eye, focus on your nose, and identify the number of fingers you’re holding up in each of four visual quadrants.III Oculomotor Motor Eyelid elevation; most EOMs; pupil size and reactivity (efferent impulse)Check pupillary responses by shining a bright light on one pupil; both pupils should constrict. Do the same for the other eye. To check accommodation, move your finger toward the patient’s nose; the pupils should constrict and converge. Check EOMs by having patient look up, down, laterally, and diagonally.IV Trochlear Motor EOM (turns eye downward and laterally)Have patient look down and in.V Trigeminal Both Chewing; facial and mouth sensation; corneal reflex (sensory)Ask patient to hold the mouth open while you try to close it and to move the jaw laterally against your hand. With patient’s eyes closed, touch her face with cotton and have her identify the area touched. In comatose patients, brush the cornea with a wisp of cotton; the patient should blink.VI Abducens Motor EOM (turns eye laterally)Have patient move the eyes from side to side.VII Facial Both Facial expression; taste; corneal reflex (motor); eyelid and lip closureAsk patient to smile, raise eyebrows, and keep eyes and lips closed while you try to open them. Have patient identify salt or sugar placed on the tongue (usually deferred).VIII Acoustic Sensory Hearing; equilibriumTo test hearing, use tuning fork or rub your fingers, place a ticking watch, or whisper near each ear. Equilibrium testing is usually deferred.IX Glossopharyngeal Both Gagging and swallowing (sensory); tasteTouch back of throat with sterile tongue depressor or cotton-tipped applicator. Have patient swallow.X Vagus Both Gagging and swallowing (motor); speech (phonation)Assess gag and swallowing with CN IX. Assess vocal quality.XI Spinal accessory Motor Shoulder movement; head rotationHave patient shrug shoulders and turn head from side to side (not routinely tested).XII HypoglossalMotorTongue movement; speech (articulation)Have patient stick out tongue and move it internally from cheek to cheek. Assess articulation.Reference: http://rn.modernmedicine.com/rnweb/a....jsp?id=120796 AIRBORNE: Single room, use negative airflow pressure, use MASK or Resp Protection device, Put mask on client if he leave room. MeaslesChikenpoxTBVaricella ZosterDroplet: Private room or cohort, Use mask and place mask on client when he is leaving the roomDiptheriaFluEpiglotitisMeningitisMumpsPertusisPnemoniaScarlet FeverSepsisStrep PharingitisCONTACT: Private or Cohort- USE GLOVES and GOWNEnteric infections: C. difficileRSV (and other resp infection)Wound infectionsSkin infections (herpes, impetigo, diptheria, pediculosis, staph, varicella zoster, conjunctivitis)from saunder 4th edition pg191-192 Parkinson’s Disease:Two main classes- meds that activate dopamine receptor and meds that block acetylcholine. Use- doesn’t halt progress of PD but helps with symptoms- helps in ability to perform ADL, absence of tremors and reduction of irritability and stiffness) Levadopa- protein decreases the effectiveness! Mirapex (causes sleep attacks) Congentin (causes atropine like effects- dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention and constipation), causes drowsiness Symmetrel- (causes confusion and atropine like effects, discoloration of skin Sinemet (levadopa + carbidopa- causes abnormal movements and psychosis) Requip Parlodel Artane SIDE EFFECTS: N/V, dyskinesias (head bobbing, tics, grimacing), Orthostatic hypotension, discoloration of sweat, psychosis, tachycardia, activation of malignant melanoma. Medication holiday may be indicated Antipsychotic:Convention Antipsychotic Drugs- Examples: thorazine, Haldol, Moban, Navane, Trilafon, Prolixin. Side effects include extrapyramidal symptoms, acute dystonia (spasm of tongue, face, neck and back), parkinsonism, akathisia, causes neuron malignant syndrome (sudden high grade fever, muscle rigidity, changes in LOC, coma), anticholinergic effects, hypotension, sedation, seizures, agranulocytosis, skin effects, sexual dysfunction, and finally dysrhythmias. Atypical Antipsychotics Drugs-Examples: Clozaril, Risperdal, Zyprexa, Seroquel, Abilify. Used for severe schizophrenia. Side effects: agranulocytosis, seizures, weight gain, diabetes, inflammation of the heart muscle Depression:Antidepressants- TricyclicExamples- Elavil, Tofranil, Sinequan Use: depression and bipolar disorder Side Effects: hypotension, anticholinergic effects (THINK ANTIdepressant and ANTIcholinergic), sedation, toxicity Don’t give with MAOIs Don’t give with antihistamines and other anticholinergic agents Therapeutic effect may take 1-3 wks. Sudden discontinuation may cause relapse. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Examples: Prozac, Celexa, Lexapro, Paxil, Zoloft Used for depression, OCD, Bulimia, Panic disorders and PTSD Side effects: sexual dysfunction, weight gain, serotonin syndrome (mental confusion, agitation, anxiety, hallucinations, hyperreflexia tremors), withdrawal syndrome, rash, fatigue Don’t take with MAOIs b/c increases risk of serotonin syndrome. Therapeutic effect may take 1-3 wks. Sudden discontinuation may cause relapse. MAOIsExamples: Nardil, Marplan Used for atypical depression, OCD, Bulimia Side effects: Anxiety, orthostatic hypotension, HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS due to intake of tyramine…. IF HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS OCCURS THEN GIVE IV PHENTOLAMINE!!!!!!!!!! (ALSO CAN GIVE SUBLINGUAL NITRO) Don’t give to people with pheochromcytoma, heart failure, and renal insufficiency. If you give with Demerol it can cause hyperpyrexia. Clients should restrict food with tyramine including aged cheese, salami, avocados, bananas, protein, dietary supplements and red wine. Other Antidepressants: Wellbutrin, Remeron, Effexor, Vestra, Desyrel- Used to treat depression and help in quitting smoking Side effects: seizures, headache and constipation, dry mouth Mood stabilizersLithium, (levels should be monitored closely, meds taken 2-3 x per day, maintain adequate sodium intake) valproic acid (depakote), Tegretol Side effects: diarrhea, tremors, polyuria, renal toxicity, goiter Don’t give to women who are breast feeding Benzodiazepines:o Examples: Valium, xanax, Ativan, Libriumo Used for anxiety, seizures, insomnia, muscle spasm, alcohol withdrawal, panic disordero Causes CNS depression, amnesia, anxiety, insomnia, teratogenesis, acute toxicityo Take with mealso May get dependent on medsHypotonic Non Benzodiazepines:o Examples: ambien, sonata, lunesta, desyrel. o Used to manage insomnia o Causes daytime sleepinesso don’t take with alcohol or other CNS depressants Anxiolytic:o Examples: BusParo Used for anxietyo Causes CNS effects like lightheadedness, faintness, nauseao take with mealso Effects may be seen in a weekCNS Stimulants:o Examples Ritalin, Concerta, Dexdrine, Adderal, Caffineo Used for ADHD, Narcolepsy, Obesity, weight reductiono Side effects: CNS stimulation (insomnia restlessness), weight loss, dysrhythmias chest painCholinesterase Inhibitors: (increases amount of acetylcholine (ach))Ex: Neostigmine, physostigmine used for myasthenia gravis Side effects: increase GI motility, increase GI secretions, bradycardia and urinary urgency. Other side effect is cholinergic crisis but antidote is atropine. Use cautiously in clients with seizure disorders, hyperthyroidism, PUD and asthma, bradycardia and hypotension. Antiepileptic- use- control seizure Examples: Phenobarbital (causes drowsiness and confusion, toxicity) Dilantin CNS effects, nystagmus, gingival hyperplasia , skin rash, tetrogenic, dysrhythmias, coarse facial features) Valium- causes resp depression and amnesia. DON’T GIVE IF LIVER DISORDER! Ativan Tegretol (blood dyscrasis) Zarontin (only for absence seizures) Depakote (also known as valproic acid) causes pancreatitis and thrombocytopenia Neurontin (causes CNS effects like nystagmus) Trileptal Klonopin Lamictal Neuromuscular Blockading AgentsUse: promote muscle relaxation, promote spontaneous respirations in people on the vent, used to diagnose myasthenia gravis Tuborcurarune Succinylcholine (can lead to apnea, malignant hyperthermia, hyperkalemia) Pancuronium (Pavulon) General Side effects: hypotension and respiratory arrest Local Anesthetics:Lidocaine, Pontocaine, and Novocain. LOC does not occur…. blocks pain in certain area. Side effects are CNS excitement, hypotension, prolong L&D, spinal headache and urinary rention General Anesthetics: Produces LOC and loss of all sensation. Side effects: hypotension, resp and cardio depression, malignant hyperthermia, hepatoxicity, GI content aspiration Muscle Relaxants:Examples: Valium Dantrolene (dantrium): treats malignant hyperthermia, causes hepatic toxicity Flexeril Skleaxin- hepatic toxicity Baclofen (Lisoresal)- causes constipation and urinary retention! DON’T TAKE CNS DEPRESSANTS WHEN TAKING THESE MEDSAdrenergic Agonists:examples: epinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, isoproterol Dopamine cause renal vessels to dilate, others lead to vasoconstriction, increased heart rate, increased myocardial contractility, bronchodilation, decreased nasal congestion (due to vasoconstriction) Side effetcs: increase heart rate, vasoconstriction, increased oxygen demand leading to angina, dysrhythmias Don't give to pt with tachydysrhymias, or v. fibrillation. Al Alpha Adrenergic Blocker:Examples: Minipress aka prazosin, Cardura aka doxazosin Used to treat hypertension, doxazosin may decrease symptoms of BPH Side effects hypotension take with food but avoid OTC NSAIDS b/c decreases antihypertensive effects Alpha Adrenergic Agonists:examples: catapress, tenex, aldomet Used for hypertension Side effects: dry mouth, sedation, rebound hypertension (so don't just stop taking the meds with talking to DR.) BETA BLOCKERS- END IN-LOLUsed to decrease HR, myocardial contractility and rate of conduction through AV node. Used for angina, hypertension, dysrhythmias, MIA and heart failure Causes bradycardia (if BP is less than 60 then hold meds) decreased Cardiac Output, AV Block, hypotension, Propranolol causes bronchoconstriction Theses drugs can masks the signs of hypoglycemia!!!!! ACE INHIBITORS END IN -PRILUsed for hypertension, heart failure MI and diabetic and nondiabetic neuropathy Causes orthostatic hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, rash and angioedema. Also causes neutropenia.. think about it like this... ACE inhibitors causes Angioedemia, Cough and Excessive-potassium . ANGIOTENSION II RECEPTOR BLOCKER ENDS IN -SARTANUsed for hypertension, stroke, diabetic neuropathy (vasodilation). Causes angioedema (skin wheeling and swelling of tongue), fetal injury CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS END IN -PINEUsed vasodilation by blocking calcium channels in blood vessels. Used for angina pectoris and hypertension. Verapamil is also used for cardiac dysrhythmias Side effects: reflex tachycardia, peripheral edema, toxicity, hypotension, constipation HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS:Examples: sodium nitroprusside, hyperstat side effects: hypotension, cyanide poisoning and thiocyante poisoning sodium nitroprusside may have slightly brown color but discard if it is blue, red or green and don't mix other meds with sodium nitroprusside NITROGLYCERINE:Used for stable angina Side effects: headache, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, tolerance, If you give it with Viagra it could result in life threatening hypotension! also alcohol use and contribute to antihypertensive effects Sublingual: take at FIRST sign of chest pain, use prior to activity that will cause chest pain, place under tongue and allow to dissolve, store in cool dark place, and discard after 24 months. Transdermal: patch should not be cut, place on hairless area and rotate sites,. wash skin with soap and water and dry thoroughly before placing patch, remove patch at night so that you don't develop tolerance if pain is unrelieved in 5 mins then call 911, client can take up to two more doses at 5 minute intervals. DIGOXIN (cardiac glcosides)used to increase force of myocardial contraction but decrease heart rate so ventricles have more time to fill. Treats heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Side effects dysrhythmias, monitor potassium b/c hyperkalemia and lead to dig toxicity, monitor dig level to ensure that it is between .05-.08 SIDE EFFECTS_ GI: n/v, anorexia, abdominal pain, fatigue, weakness, diplopia, blurred vision, yellow-green or white halos around objects Ace inhibitors increase risk of hyperkalemia which decreases effects of digoxin, quindine increase risk of dig toxicity if used concurrently. Notify DR if heart rate is less than 60 bpm in adults, 70bpm in children and 90bpm in infants before taking meds. treat bradycardia with atropine Read antidysrthmic drugs.... it is complex.... meds to control Cholesterol end in -STATINSide effects- heptoxicity, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy meds to control triglycerides include LOPID, Lofibra, tricorside effects: gall bladder stone, mypopathy, hepatoxicity take meds 30 mins before breakfast and dinner BILE ACID SEQUESTANTS- Questran and Colestid:Used to lower cholesterol, decreases LDL Side effetcs are constipation Don't give to someone with biliary disease Child Immunizations:Hep B- given at birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months (don’t give Hep B to people with allergy to Baker’s Yeast)HIB and PCV- given at 2,4,6,12-15 monthsDTAP and IPV- given at 2,4,6, 18 months, and 4-6 years (don’t give DTAP if excessive crying)TDAP and Meningococcal (MCV4)- given 11-12 yearsMMR- given at 12-15 moths and 4-6 years (don’t give to pregnant or children w/ allergy to eggs, or to those with hx of thrombocytopenia)Tetnus booster- given everyb10 yearsFlu sot- annually after age 6 months (don’t give if allergy to eggs)Hep A- 12 monthsVaricella Vaccine given at 12-18 months (don’t give to pregnant, cancer pts, or those with allergy to neomycin or gelatin)Reminders:For infants and young children, administer in vastus lateralis Don’t give aspirin to treat fever b/c of Reyes Syndrome Adult Immunizations: Flu vaccine- given yearly after 50 (risk of Guillian Barre) PPV- give does at 65 and then every 6-8 years Give IM in deltoid muscle Immunoglobulin- IgG given for passive immunity – don’t have live virus within 3 months of IgG. Used for CLL, bone marrow suppression, HEP A & B exposure and Measles rubella and chicken pox exposure. Immunostimulants ex: Interfeon Alfa, Interluken 2 are used for hairy cell leukemia, CML, Malignant melanoma, and Aids-related Kaposi sarcoma. May cause flu-like symptoms, hypotension and bone marrow suppression also alopecia, cadiotoxicity and neurotoxicity Immunosuppressants include- Cyclosporines (monitor liver and kidneys, if given with antifungal then cyclosporine level will increase, mix w/ milk or organge juice), sandimmune, gengrat, neural, glucocorticoids (cause osteoporosis, fluid retention, hyperglycemia, adrenal insufficiency), cytotoxic-imuran (causes bone marrow suppression), prograf, methotrexate. Used to treat RA, SLE, myasthenia gravis, organ rejection (with organs rejection life long therapy is necessary) General Side effects of Immunosuppressants: tetrogenic, increase risk for infection Antihistamines: Benadryl, Phenergan (for N/V), Dramamine (for N/V), (given for mild allergy, anaphylaxis, motion sickness, insomnia) May cause sedation, anticholinergic effects, GI discomfort, acute toxicity (flushed face, high fever, tachycardia) Claritan, Zyrtec, Allegra, Clainex REMEMBER due to anticholinergic effects give cautiously to people with asthma, urinary retention, glaucoma, hypertension and prostate hypertrophy. (I don't really know why the ATI book lumps antimetics like Phenegran with antihistamines.... let me know if you have an idea.) Chemotherapy: Cytoxan, cisplatin, methotrexate, rheutrex, purinethol, taxol, onxol, Elspar, Megace, Lupron, tamoxifen, nolvadex etc…. Destroys both cancer and good cells. Side Effects- bone marrow suppression, gi discomfort, alopecia, mucosistis, reproductive toxicity, hyperuricemia Most of them can cause hypersensitivity reactions. Most cause renal toxicity. TB drugs cause heptatoxicity. So if you get a question with choices related to heptatoxicity or nephrotoxicity, just remember that most of them will be renal! Instruct patient to complete the prescribed course of therapy Penicillin or anything that ends in “cillin” (also Zosyn and Augemtin)First choice for meningitis and syphilis, prophylaxis for bacterial endocarditis Side effect: RENAL IMPAIRMENT, hyperkalemia Don’t mix penicillin and aminoglycosides in the same IV Take oral w/ a full glass of water before meals or two hours after Give ERYTHROMYCIN if there is a penicillin allergy Cephalosporins or anything beginning with “cef”, “ceph”Cross allergy to penicillin Bleeding tendencies thrombophlebitis Notify DR. if diarrhea Disulfurm reaction so don’t take with alcohol (most/all meds shouldn’t be taken with alcohol so lets just assume that NO MEDS SHOULD EVER BE TAKEN W/ ALCOHOL) Take oral “cephs” w/ food Vancomycin § Used for MRSA§ Administer slowly over 60 mins§ Causes RENAL IMPAIREMENT, thrombophlebitis, OTOTOXICITYTetracycline:Used for Acne Vulgaris and GI infections caused by H. pylori YELLOW BROWN TOOTH DISCOLORATION (don’t give to pregnant women), LIVER TOXICITY, PHOTOSENSITIVITY Don’t give w/ milk, calcium, iron, magnesium, laxatives or antacids—causes chelates Decreases the effect of Oral contraception’s (OC) Doxycycline and minocycline can be given to people with renal impairment Gentamicin- ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, respiratory depression. Streptomycin causes neuro disorders like peripheral neuritis, tingling in hands and feetTMP-SMZUsed for UTI Take on empty stomach with glass of water Don’t take if folate deficiency or pregnant Causes blood dyscrasis, Crystaluria, Kernicturs, photosensitivity Macrodantin:Causes blood dyscrasis, peripheral neuropathy, GI discomfort, Don’t give to clients with renal impairment URINE WILL BE BROWN ANTI-TB drugs (Isoniazid, ethambutol, pyrazinamide§ Most are given for at least 6 months§ Causes peripheral neuropathy (if this occurs give B6), heptatoxicity,§ Take INH on empty stomach but take with meals if gastric problems occurRifadin/Rifampin: used to treat Leprosy, masks body fluids orange, causes heptatoxicity, decreases the efficacy of OCAntiviral- has the letter “vir” in it ex: acyclovir, ribavirn, also amantadineUsed for herpes, CMV, varicella zoster Causes nephrotoxicity, granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, reproductive toxicity (don’t give pregnant women), phlebitis Ciprofloxacin- causes Achilles tendon rupture- if this happens then refrain from exercise, causes supra infection. Aluminum, Magnesium, Milk and dairy products decrease the absorption. Antiprotozoals- flagyl- causes GI discomfort and metallic taste, DARK URINE (WAVE A FLAG TO LET THE CLIENT KNOW THAT HE WILL HAVE DARK URINE), numb extremities, seizuresAntifungal- many end in “zole”, also FUNGIZONE aka Amphotericin BCauses thromboplebitis, nephrotoxicity, hypokalemia, gynocomastia and irregular menstrual flow DISCARD IF YOU SEE PERCIPITATION Ketakonazole causes heptotoxicity Information on Myasthenia gravisnot contagious/not inheritedMuscle weakness disease in which the body's own immune system produces antibodies that BLOCKS the acetylcholine from attaching to the receptors in the muscles.Acetylcholine action : muscle contraction.Points:Autoimmune diseaseseen mostly in young adults, but can affect anyone of any age/race.Muscles esp. effected: eye muscles (double vision)swallowingchewingtalkingfacial expressionmuscles controlling the neck and breathing movements.Risk for complication: Respiratory failure (monitor)Cardinal s/s : muscle weakness with activity and goes away after rest.Intervention: plenty of rest - Well balanced diet, esp. high in potassium to ease fatigue.Potassium rich foods: orange , bananas Meds: cholinesterase inhibitors: Neostigmine and pyridostigmine.Action: improve nerve signals to muscles and increase muscle strengthImmunosuppressive drugs: Prednisone, cyclosporine and azathioprine Action: supress the production of abnormal antibodies. Monitor carefully: major side effects"What is the role of the thymus gland in MG? The thymus gland, found in the upper chest area beneath the breastbone, is a part of the body's normal immune system. In most adults with MG, the thymus gland is abnormal. Some people with MG develop thymomas or tumors on the thymus gland. Generally thymomas are benign, but they can become malignant (cancerous). The relationship between the thymus gland and MG is not yet fully understood."S/S myasthenia gravis:Drooping of one or both eyelids (ptosis) Blurred or double vision (diplopia) due to weakness of the muscles that control eye movements Unstable or waddling gait Weakness in arms, hands, fingers, legs, and neck Change in facial expression Difficulty in swallowing and shortness of breath Impaired speech (dysarthria) Shortness of breath Source: http://www.4woman.gov/faq/mgravis.htm Meds. for Infections: Everything noted down is from Genny's note on meds for infections. ThanksEmpty stomach:TMP-SMZ (UTI)Penicillin : before meals or two hours afterAnti Tb medsWith food:CephalosporinsLiver toxicity:tetracyclineINH (Anti Tb)Ketakonazole (Antifungal)No to pregnancy:TetracyclineTMP-SMZ (UTI)Anti viralDecrease the effect of OC (Oral contraception)TetracyclineRifadine/rifampin (anti TB med)

常用的RN教材什么样？

2008-08-01T08:27:00.000-07:00

常用的RN教材

RN难度标准设定的原理

2008-08-01T08:25:00.000-07:00

关于RN难度标准设定的数学原理

1. What percentage must I answer correctly to pass the NCLEX?Unlike standard nursing school exams, there is no grade on the NCLEX. The exam is set up so that both passers and failers tend to score around 50%. If a student begins scoring above 50%, the questions become harder. If the candidate's percentage begins to slip below 50%, the questions get easier. What determines pass/fail is the level of difficulty where the student is hitting the 50% mark. In fact, this is one of the reasons why students find the exam so overwhelming. We aren't used to getting 50's on exams.

2007年RN考题机经-台湾

2008-08-01T08:23:00.000-07:00

2007年12月18日 RN考题机经（台湾）很多朋友都开始发机经了大家团结起来哦我复习托福的时候很爱去chasedream的网站很多人都是第一时间从考场回来就把很专业的机经发给大家中国那么多的护士你发一篇我发一篇就能建立起一个庞大的机经库了“12/28我考了五個小時又四十六分鐘，考滿265題。中途沒有休息真的還滿累的，考到最後覺得口很乾，頭有點暈出來後絕望的哭了，因為覺得比我想像中的難很多真的是很傷心的大哭~哈哈!丟臉~因為這麼努力的準備，考出來後只覺得大部分的題目是不確定的覺得很挫折也很錯愕，也許是我不夠努力吧!只好在加油囉!一進考場戴上耳塞，世界只剩下自己的呼吸和心跳聲她會給你一個板子跟筆，讓你計算用的當然內外佔了大部分的題數產、兒、精大概佔了20%，兒科好像是最多的還是因為我兒科最弱，所以對兒科比較有印象，這就不確定了精神科比較少大概有15題左右的藥物，3題計算<滴數>，8題複選大概第二題就遇到複選題，而且是藥物的複選，一看到我臉就垮了非常多題以priority的方式問答，應該說幾乎都是很少會一題只考一個觀念或一種疾病，大多是混在一起考要仔細思考跟比較的那一種例如一個護士交班後，應該先看哪位病人，四個選項各個不同狀況，要選最嚴重的那個在選項當中就會插入疾病及檢驗值要你判讀很多是有關指派給護佐或是LPN的問題或是以下哪一個醫囑是錯的哪一位個案最適合個人房，哪一位個案最適合出院藥物大概會是問病人有某兩種疾病，他的檢驗值狀況為何，然後請問以下四個醫囑哪一個是錯的，就會出現四種藥物跟劑量讓你選還有會問以下四個選項哪一個對，出現四種藥物各個需要監測的檢驗值以下有哪一個選項是代表醫療儀器出了問題<抽痰，胸管，各式pump，呼吸器等>precautions大概有5題有考到幾題是基護技術性的問題例如請問護佐哪一項動作需要介入，選錯的一些有關無菌區的維護，高度，寬度，洗手之類的因為有太多模擬兩可的選擇~所以我根本就不確定我選的對或是錯只有一個念頭，不能拖太久，不然時間一定會不夠產科有問到一些有關文化差異的問題，但不難，因為正好是問到亞洲婦女也都是以優先順序的題型問答乳癌、子宮頸癌、陰道癌、PIH、GDM這些幾乎都是混在一起考的就是要選第一個需要去看誰，或是誰說的話代表她需要加以教導我印象中產科題目遇到的不多不過好像有幾題是有關於止痛方法的衛教和產程的呼吸技巧精神有關於鋰鹽的藥物問到了滿多的包含血中濃度，血球計數，出院衛教，副作用等還滿特別的是有一題問有四位個案一位在大笑和自言自語、一位跑來跑去、、等要你選需要先去看哪一位個案幻聽時該怎麼辦疾病方面是精神分裂症妄想型，雙極性疾患，燥症等精神科的題目好像也不是很多兒科真是讓我有陰影的一科呀~有關飲食、疫苗、發展、心臟、鉛中毒、遊戲、腦膜炎、手術腎臟疾病、新生兒評估、遺傳疾病、哺餵母乳、早產及過熟兒等，疫苗防面好像是有關MMR、DTP等有關兒童發展的都是要你選以下四個選項哪一個有問題飲食就是考何時適合加哪一種食物，或是PKU的飲食選擇遊戲是要你選某一個年紀的孩子適合用哪一種遊戲來衛教內外都圍繞著心血管系統、呼吸系統、腸胃及泌尿系統在考有2題左右是我完全沒見過的疾病，不管遇到什麼題目，我都相信仔細看大概都還可以猜，用刪去法之類的但有些真的就看不懂，也就不浪費時間了因為考題太多了，而且最後快暈了~所以不太記得仔細的問題~以下是我記得的疾病很多是以混在一起的方式考選最嚴重的，大概看看囉~有關胸管及腸造口、腹膜透析的護理及衛教算多TB問的滿細的，護理、藥物、衛教等周邊血管疾病動靜脈的都算多眼耳的疾病大概各有兩題急、慢性腎衰竭、腎盂腎炎、氣管食道廔管、偏頭痛頭部外傷、IICP、 C3、T8受傷、失語症的溝通、偏癱的護理abuse成人、老人、兒童各一題，有一些關於社會福利的問題CVA為什麼要做心臟檢查，鋇劑灌腸的物理原理，心尖脈的聽診處酒癮要去AA機構，吃什麼藥物要避免吃什麼食物長期臥床病人的骨骼肌肉變化，老化的正常現象與異常現象<複選>氣喘的注意事項及藥物使用方式，急性胰臟炎，骨隨炎寬關節置換術，骨骼牽引，一位盲人的拐杖使用方法，護士要站哪一邊協助他HIV+、肺臟切除術、氣胸，dumping-syndrome吃東西的選擇、COPD的治療addison's disease 、cushing disease 、DM全喉切除術，扁桃腺炎，針扎事件，護士被摸大腿，同事喝酒、、等。太多了~重點是幾乎都是以混在一起的考法出現，問的問題很臨床之前我有稍微看一下別的人分享的考題，有一~兩題是很類似的所以還滿謝謝大家的經驗分享的!!尤其是背出詳細考題得善良女孩~妳真的是太神了!!希望有心人都要加油!!”

RN答题技巧-英

2008-08-01T08:22:00.002-07:00

Decide What the Question is Dealing With:Which part of the Nursing Process: Assessment; Analysis; Planning; Implementation or Evaluation? Next, Decide the Order of Priority First you must decide what part of the nursing process the question is connected with:ANALYSIS--is the process of identifying potential and actual health problems. Most identify pertinent assessment information and assimilate it into the nursing diagnosis. Prioritize the needs that have been identified during analysis. Some common words that are associated with ANALYSIS questions: diagnose; contrast; compare; analyze; order; prioritize; define; classify; catagorize; synthesize; sort; arrange;ASSESSMENT--consists of a collection of data. Baseline information for pre and post procedures is included. Also included the recognition of pertinent signs and symptoms of health problems both present and potential. Verification of data and confirmation of findings are also included. Assess a situation before doing an intervention. Some common words that are associated with ASSESSMENT questions: observe; gather; collect; differentiate; assess; recognize; detect; distinguish; identify; display; indicate; describe; PLANNING--Involves formulating goals and outcomes. It also involves various members of the health care team and the patient's family. All outcome criteria must be able to be evaluated with a specific time frame. Be sure to establish priorities and modify according to question. Some common words that are associated with.PLANNING questions: rearrange; reconstruct; determine; outcomes; formulate; include; expected; designate; plan; generate; short/long term goal; develop;IMPLEMENTATION--Addresses the actual/direct care of a patient. Direct care entails pre, intra and postoperative management, preforming procedures, treatments, activities of daily living. Also includes the coordination of care and referral on discharge. It involves documentation and therapeutic response to intervention and patient teaching for health promotion and helping the patient maintain proper health. Some common words that are associated with IMPLEMENTATION questions: document; explain; give; inform; administer; implement; encourage; advise; provide; perform;EVALUATION--Determines if the interventions were effective. Were goals met? Was the care delivered properly? Are modification plans needed. Addresses the effectiveness of patient teaching and understands and determines in proper care was offered. Evaluation can involve documentation, reporting issues, evaluates care given and determine the appropriateness of delegating to others. Most significantly, it finds out the response of the patient to care and the extent to which the goals we met. Some common words that are associated with EVALUATION questions: monitor; expand; evaluate; synthesize; determine; consider; question; repeat; outcomes; demonstrate; reestablish; After determining what part of the nursing process the question is concerned with, next focus your attention on determining the category of priority: Safe and effective care environment is always first. Patient safety is related to the proper preparation and delivery of nursing techniques and procedures as part of the nursing practice. It relates to every aspect of the delivery of care. Physiologic integrity is the ability to provide competent care Information that may be described as traditionally medical- surgical and pediatric nursing falls into this category. Specific questions in this area can be related to many direct-care aspects of nursing practice. The importance of this area is highlighted because it is one in which planning, implementation and evaluation of care needs can easily be identified and tested. Physiologic integrity is always a slight lower priority than safety unless it involves airway, breathing and circulation. "ABC's" always comes first! Psychosocial integrity tests the knowledge about a patients response to a disease or disorder. An understanding of stress, anxiety and ways to cope are essential. This is a lower priority the physiological integrity. Health maintenance deals with health promotion, health teaching, disease prevention and assessment of risk factors for health problems. Normal growth and development is a major theme in this category. This however, is a low priority.In Summary, when choosing the right answer for you NCLEX exam question: 1) ask yourself, "what part of the nursing process is this question dealing with: analysis, assessment, planning, implantation or evaluation? and 2) Remember to prioritize your choices: safety always being first, second physiological integrity, third,psychosocial integrity and health maintenance always has the lowest priority when choosing an answer.Other tidbits: avoid choices with the answers "all" "always" "never" or "none". Nothing is ever a definite in Science. look for answers that are different. If three answers say the same thing but in different words, choose the answer that is different. when given choices that are pharmacologically based or non pharmacologically based, choose the non pharmacological intervention. It is more often then not, the correct answer.I got this from a yahoo group... hope this will help anyone who would like to take the NCLEX-RN. more at http://caring4you.net/

美国NCSBN护士协会课程

2008-08-01T08:22:00.001-07:00

美国NCSBN－national council of state boards of nursing这个部门应该是相当于中国的护士协会了吧最近发现原来他们自己也有网上RN课程我特地去美国本地护士论坛看了看也有不少人觉得他们的题目和考题最接近有些不喜欢kaplan的人用这个其实并不是期待要碰到一样的题而且希望多个途径了解那些美国护士元老级别人物出题的思路收费最少的是3周49美元（3周是指你可以上他们的网做题有效期3周）据美国学生说看到模拟题的多少是看你付钱的多少题目做到最后面只能看到你做错的题目的解释这点比较可惜应该可以用截图把题目记录在电脑里原文如下NCSBN Learning Extension Courses for Nurse CandidatesFind brief information here about the examination review courses available at NCSBN Learning Extension. Please visit http://www.learningext.com/ to register and for more details.NCSBN's Reviews for the NCLEX-PN and NCLEX-RN ExaminationsPurchased by subscription length: 15 weeks - $159 8 weeks - $99 5 weeks - $69 3 weeks - $49 (Group discounts available for the 15 week and the 8 week subscriptions.)Students study for the NCLEX-PN and NCLEX-RN anytime and at their own pace at NCSBN Learning Extension (http://www.learningext.com/). These completely online courses include these great features A diagnostic pretest that helps students develop a personal study plan based on assessment of strengths and weaknesses. More than 1,100 "NCLEX-style" practice questions organized into section posttests and into a massive Q&A section. More than 2,000 Web pages of comprehensive nursing content organized to the current NCLEX Test Plan. Over 20 highly engaging and interactive exercises organized throughout the course designed to reinforce learning terms and concepts. Get instructor feedback on questions through the duration of your subscription. Quickly find more than 55,000 nursing-medical terms and illustrations accessed free through Taber's Online® for your entire subscription. Throughout the course you'll find study tips, memory clues, and relaxation techniques created to give a performance edge. 网址https://www.ncsbn.org/263.htm这个网站下载考纲的那个网页上有个给想写RN考题的人看的指导可以研究一下他们的出题思路

考前一周药物自查表

2008-08-01T08:20:00.000-07:00

RN 药物部分(pharmacological and parenterl therpies)考题比例占考题总数的13－19％也就是说按照你答75题来算就是有可能遇到10-15题有关药物或治疗方面（pharmacological and parenterl therpies）的问题这是很多人的薄弱点考前一周自查对下列药物是否滚瓜烂熟越是不熟越是要查要背！自查药名所属类别使用途径副作用注意事项健康宣教考试中常见的提问方式有1 给你四个药物包括剂量等正给某个疾病的人用（四个不同的药用于四个不同病人）询问你下列四个药哪个使用是错误的2儿科给你小儿的体重问你用某个药物如何计算药量（做这个题要知道如何从kg换算成lb）3直接问你某种药物的副作用是4问你病人陈述关于4点服药注意事项问你哪个错（或需要护士对其再教育）或是对的。例如abacavir sulfate 自问：这个是什么药，属于类别，用于什么病，怎么用，副作用，注意事项要关照病人那些问题 abciximab acarbose acetaminophen acetylcysteineacyclovir sodiumadalimumabadefovir dipivoxiladenosinealbuterolalendronate sodiumalfuzosin hydrochlorideallopurinolalosetron hydrochloridealprazolamalteplasealuminum hydroxideamikacin sulfateamiodarone hydrochlorideamitriptyline hydrochlorideamlodipine besylateamoxicillin and clavulanate potassiumamoxicillin trihydrateamphotericin Bamphotericin Bamphotericin B lipid complexamphotericin B liposomalampicillinampicillin sodium and sulbactam sodiumamprenaviranakinraaprepitantargatrobanaripiprazoleaspirinatenololatomoxetine hydrochlorideatorvastatin calciumatovaquoneatropine sulfateazithromycinaztreonambeclomethasone dipropionatebenztropine mesylatebenztropine mesylatebevacizumabbisacodylbivalirudinbosentanbromocriptine mesylatebumetanidebuspirone hydrochloridecalcium saltscandesartan cilexetilcaptoprilcarbamazepinecarboplatincarvedilolcaspofungin acetatecefaclorcefazolin sodiumcefdinircefditoren pivoxilcefditoren pivoxilcefiximecefotaxime sodiumcefotetan disodiumcefoxitin sodiumceftazidimeceftibutenceftizoxime sodiumcefuroximecelecoxibcephalexinchloral hydratechlorpromazine hydrochloridecholestyraminecilostazolcimetidineciprofloxacincisplatincitalopram hydrobromideclarithromycinclindamycinclonazepamclonidine hydrochlorideclopidogrelclozapinecodeinecolchicinecolesevelam hydrochlorideco-trimoxazolecyclophosphamidecyclosporinedalteparin sodiumdaptomycindarbepoetin alfadaunorubicin citrate liposomaldaunorubicin hydrochloridedelavirdine mesylatedesloratadinedexamethasonedexmethylphenidate hydrochloridediazepamdidanosinedigoxindiltiazem hydrlochoridediphenhydramine hydrochloridediphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfatedipyridamoledisulfiram (DSF)dobutamine hydrochloridedocetaxeldocusate saltsdolasetron mesylatedonepezil hydrochloridedopamine hydrochloridedorzolamide hydrochloridedoxazosin meslatedoxepin hydrochloridedoxorubicin hydrochloridedoxorubicin hydrochloride liposomaldoxycyclinedrotrecogin alfa (activated)dutasterideeletriptan hydrobromideemtricitabineenalaprilat, enalapril maleateenfuvirtideenoxaparin sodiumentacaponeepinephrine(adrenaline)eplerenoneepoetin alfa (erythropoietin)eprosartan mesylateertapenem sodiumerythromycinescitalopram oxalateesmolol hydrochlorideesomeprazole magnesiumestrogens,conjugatedestrogens,esterifiedethambutol hydrochlorideexemestaneezetimibefamciclovirfamotidinefenofibratefentanyl citrateferrous saltsfexofenadine hydrochloridefilgrastimfinasteridefluconazoleflumazenilfluorouracilfluoxetine hydrochloridefluphenazinefluticasone propionate and salmeterolfluvastatin sodiumfosamprenavir calciumfoscarnet sodiumfosphenytoin sodiumfulvestrantfurosemidegabapentingalantamine hydrobromideganciclovir(DHPG)gatifloxacingemfibrozilgemifloxacin mesylategentamicin sulfateglimepirideglipizideglucagonglyburide (glibenclamide)guaifenesin (glyceryl guaiacolate)haloperidolheparinhydrochlorothiazidehydrocortisone saltshydromorphone hydrochloridehydroxyzineibuprofenibutilide fumarateimatinib mesylateimipenem and cilastatin sodiumimipramineindinavir sulfateindomethacininsulin aspartinsulinsipratropium bromideirbesartan iron sucrose injectionisoniazidisoproterenol (isoprenaline)isosorbideitraconazoleketoconazoleketorolac tromethaminelabetalol hydrochloridelactuloselamivudine (3TC)leucovorin calcium levodopalevodopa and carbidopaLevdopa,carbidopa,and entacaponelevofloxacinlevothyroxine sodiumlidocaine hydrochloridelinezolidlisinoprillithium saltsloperamideloratadinelorazepamlosartan potassiumlovastatin (mevinolin)magnesium hydroxidemagnesium saltsmeclizine hydrochloridemedroxyprogesterone acetatememantinemeperidine hydrochloridemeropenemmetformin hydrochloridemethotrexate (amethopterin MTX)methyldopamethylphenidate hydrochloridemethylprednisolonemetoclopramide hydrochloridemetoprololmetronidazolemidazolam hydrochloridemiglitolmisoprostolmontelukast sodiummorphine sulfatemoxifloxacinnadololnafcillin sodiumnaloxone hydrochloridenaproxennaratriptannelfinavir mesylatenesiritidenevirapinenifedipinenitrofurantoinnitroglycerinnitroprusside sodiumnizatidinenorepinephrine bitartratenortriptyline hydrochloridenystatinofloxacinolanzapineolmesartan medoxomilomeprazoleondansetron hydrochlorideorlistatoseltamivir phosphateoxacillin sodiumoxaliplatinoxazepamoxcarbazepineoxycodonepaclitaxelpalonosetron hydrochloridepamidronate disodiumpantoprazoleparoxetine hydrochloridepeginterferon alfa-2aPenicillin G benzathinePenicillin G PotassiumPenicillin G procainepenicillin Vphenazopyridine hydrochloridephenobarbitalphenylephrine hydrochloridephenytoinphytonadionepioglitazone hydrochloridepiperacillin sodium and tazobactam sodiumpotassium chloridepramipexole dihydrochloridepravastatin sodium (eptastatin)prazosin hydrochlorideprednisoloneprednisoneprocainamide hydrochlorideprochlorperazinepromethazine hydrochloridepropoxyphenepropranolol hydrochloridepropylthiouracil (PTU)pseudoephedrine hydrochloridequetiapine fumaratequinapril hydrochloridequinidine saltsquinupristin and dalfopristinrabeprazoleraloxifeneranitidine hydrochloriderepaglinidereteplase,recombinantrifabutinrifabutinrifapentinerisperidoneritonavirrivastigmine tartrateropinirole hydrochloriderosiglitazonerosuvastatin calciumsaquinavirscopolamine (hyoscine)secobarbital sodiumsertraline hydrochloridesildenafil citratesimvastatin (synvinolin)sodium bicarbonatesodium polystyrene sulfonatesotalol hydrochloridespironolactonestavudinestreptokinasestreptomycin sulfatesucralfatesumatriptan succinatetacrine hydrochloridetamoxifen citratetamsulosin hydrochloridetegaserod maleatetelithromycintemazepamtenecteplasetenofovir disoproxil fumarateterazosin hydrochlorideterbutaline sulfateteriparatide (rDNA origin)tetracycline hydrochloridetheophyllinethioridazine hydrochloridetiagabine hydrochlorideticarcillin disodiumticarcillin disodium and clavulanate potassium ticlopidine hydrochloridetinzaparin sodiumtiotropium bromidetobramycin sulfatetolcaponetolterodine tartratetopiramatetopotecan hydrochloridetramadol hydrochloridetrandolapriltrastuzumabtrazodone hydrochloridetreprostinil sodiumtrimethobenzamide hydrochlorideurokinasevalacyclovir hydrochloridevalganciclovirvalproate sodiumvalsartanvancomycin hydrochloridevardenafil hydrochloridevecuroniumvenlafaxine hydrochlorideverapamil hydrochloridevinblastine sulfate (VLB)vincristine sulfatevoriconazolewarfarin sdiumzafirlukastzalcitabinezaleplonzanamivirzidovudine (azidothymidine,AZT)ziprasidonezoledronic acidzolmitriptanzolpidem tartratezonisamidealoeangelicacapsicumchamomileechinaceaeucalyptusfeverfewgarlicgingerginkgoginsengkavaSaint John’s wortsaw palmettovalerian

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RN常考维生素保健品

2008-08-01T08:18:00.000-07:00

第一层ALDE VERA 470mg 芦荟:凉血化瘀、拔毒止痛，治咳嗽、咳血、疮毒、烫火伤、淋浊及助伤口愈合等BETA CAROTENE 25000IU胡萝卜素:无毒性丰富维他命A来源，增加免疫力、超级抗氧化、保养皮肤、骨骼、牙齿、牙银、增进视力、预防夜盲症、抗菌和病毒BLACK COHOSH 400mg黑升麻:是盛产欧洲的一种名贵药材，药用部分为根系，故号称"女人之根",有调节月经失调的作用ECHINACEA GOLDENSEAL PLUS 400mg紫锥花和北美黄莲:用于抗肿瘤,增强免疫力,促进伤口愈合,抗菌抗病毒感染,缩短伤风感冒期,呼吸道感染.SALMON OIL1000mg鲑鱼油:降血脂保护血管COD LIVER OIL鳕鱼肝油:增強免疫能力、預防感冒、加速骨骼發育，使其發育生長健壯，增視力NATURAL FISH OIL 1000mgOMEGA-3 FISH OIL 1000mgOmega-3:（多元不饱和）脂肪酸来自深海无污染鱼类，如鲑鱼和鲭鱼，它们都富含深海鱼油,的脂肪酸。这种脂肪酸主要分为EPA和DHA两大类, 两者都是长链的多元不饱合脂肪酸, 是构成脑膜脂质的主要成份, 也具有抗炎与降低心血管疾病的功效.它可以抑制前列腺素的形成, Omega-3的作用就是能够取代过量的Omega-6所进行的前列腺素生成, 进而减低过多前列腺素所造成的发炎, 破坏动脉, 关节, 甚至促发癌细胞发展生理破坏。欧米加3 适用于：各种炎症 – 关节疼痛、僵硬强直、牛皮癣、湿疹 ;保持心脏健康 – 调节胆固醇、降低血压, 清除血脂 ;促进婴儿发育(出生前和出生后)﹑妊娠和哺乳 ;儿童行为病症 – 多动症、注意力不集中、口吃 ;保持年轻活化有弹性的动脉 ;改善II型糖尿病, 减少胰岛素的不耐受症 ;抗血栓, 稀释血液 , 减少中风与心肌梗塞机会 ;老年人减缓视力与脑力老化 ;自体免疫发炎症状之减缓(如气喘,风湿性关节炎)FLAXSEED OIL 1000mg亚麻籽油:改善更年期症状, 抗炎症及防心血管病, 可阻碍癌肿瘤的成长GINKGO BILOBA银杏:改善老年痴呆病人的认知功能，改善老年化引起的记忆力衰退，增强健康老年人的记忆力，治疗周边血管病，减少耳鸣及预防高山反应症GARLIC OIL 1000mg大蒜油:抗细菌抗病毒，降低血压胆固醇，预防心脏病、强化血管以及防癌SOY ISOFLAVONES大豆异黄酮:改善更年期症状、改善更年期骨质疏松、降低乳癌及子宫癌患病率、降低心血管疾病以及抗氧化等功能。ODORLESS GARLIC无味大蒜精:抗细菌抗病毒，降低血压胆固醇，预防心脏病、强化血管以及防癌第二层MENOPAUSE RELIEF改善更年期症状GREEN TEA(EXTRACT 315mg)绿茶MILK THISTLE 奶蓟: 保护肝及脾脏CORAL CALCIUM珊瑚钙:钙补充剂，因为它很容易吸收且不会产生便秘MILK THISTLE (silybum marianum)550mg 水飞蓟:保护肝细胞膜，改善肝功能的作用，能预防多种肝脏毒物所致的肝损伤PANTOTHENIC ACID 200mg泛酸:被身体辅化为辅酶A，是维持身体正常新陈代谢之重要催化剂。并有助于红血球之形成，促进脂肪酸、磷脂及胆固醇的合成。SHARK CARTILAGE 740mg鲨鱼软骨:改善关节疼痛和僵硬强直, 激活并增强免疫系统功能, 修复、护理肌肉、骨骼与关节, 改善牛皮癣和湿疹这类皮肤病理状态, 抗血管增生PROBIOTIC ACIDOPHILUS WITH PECTIN益生菌:改善肠道微生物平衡PROBIOTIC ACIDOPHILUS WITH BITIDUS益生菌:改善肠道微生物平衡ALPHA LIPOIC ACID 1000mg硫辛酸: 促进细胞代谢、利用血糖来改善细胞能量供应的作用CITRUS

申请F1学生签证到考RN

2008-08-01T08:17:00.000-07:00

年轻的护士如果你不想找中介，想自己到纽约短期学习一下顺便考RN顺便把护照跑跑活你可以这样申请基本步骤如下例如，假设你已经拿到纽约州的准考证，想去纽约考RN，你可以考虑自己申请纽约的大学的语言课程例如，纽约哥伦比亚大学的语言课程：http://www.ce.columbia.edu/alp/programcontact.cfm?PID=29&Content=Contact这是网址，请写email给他们，告诉他们你是国际学生，想要申请他们的I20他们就会给你回信你会收到报名表和一些住宿学费的信息按照要求准备学校要求的文件例如银行存款证明等等（有些需要公证）把文件寄到学校他们会给你发一份I20表有了这份表格就可以安排下一步按各地不同的要求到公安局办理护照去美国驻华领事馆下载电子表格（要刷）买电话卡预约签证时间带好材料去签证所谓签证就是有个美国签证馆问你为什么要去美国你申请哥伦比亚的语言班的优势那时就出来了首先你说你是去学习英语因为这个学校学费很贵美国人也会觉得你很有钱他会问你为什么选这个学校你说地球人都知道这个名校！接着问你学费怎么办有存款的一定要财大气粗的样子说我们家就是有钱或是我父母support我或是我同学都申请免学费的学校但是我还是想到世界上最好的学校去如果问为什么不在中国学说中国很少能找到哥大水平的英语培训美国本土的老师谈话期间可以强调你是护士但是出国后培训后会回国去外宾病房之类的千万不要提去考试之类的千万不要让他觉得你有移民倾向如果说为什么去纽约是不是有亲戚一定说没有就是觉得这个项目很适合我因为时间很合适问到任何他怀疑的问题都要巧妙躲避一定都说没多想就是觉得这个项目很适合自己！！有些人可能觉得花那个钱没有必要那要看每个人的情况比如说你也可以自己多跑几家医院参加几次open house医院招聘介绍会了解当地情况也就当旅游你可以在哥大认识很多年轻人说不定就能找到另一半^0^反正即使F1被拒签一点影响也没有而且哥大成功的概率比其他的学校大很多另外美国是个喜欢人才的国家我觉得如果你画画不错的可以带自己的作品摄影的也行可以强调自己爱旅游签证官也是人对自己国家有好处的人才他们是会放行的你要是签证官你也会那么想的收到哥大的邮件介绍会如下I-20 Requirements Please apply at least three months before your expected study date. You must enroll in a full-time course (18 hours or more per week) in order to qualify for the F-1 (student) visa. To receive an I-20A-B form (application for a F-1 visa), please send to the American Language Program, Columbia University, 2970 Broadway, Lewisohn Hall Room 504, Mail Code 4113, New York, NY 10027, the following items:(1) A photocopy of your passport name and date-of-birth page.(2) Completed American Language Program application form.Make sure that you complete the entire application. Your name, date of birth, country of birth and country of citizenship should appear exactly as it is shown on your passport. Please make sure to let us know for which semester you plan to begin your studies and for how many months you would like the I-20 (maximum 12 months).(3) $100.00 application fee. (Please make sure check is drawable on a U.S. bank and made payable to the American Language Program.) We do NOT accept credit cards, wire transfers, bank drafts or international postal money orders. Traveler’s checks are fine.(4) A formal bank statement. This bank statement should show the exact amounts in either your own or your sponsor's savings and checking accounts in U.S. dollars. Please remember that it costs approximately U.S.$4000 per month to study and live in the USA: American Language Program tuition and fees are about U.S.$2100 per month and living expenses are U.S.$1900 per month. Keep the original bank statement. You will take it to the U.S. Embassy or Consulate. Send us a photocopy of the bank statement.(5) A formal letter from your sponsor. If you are sending your own bank statement, you do not need to send this letter. If someone (mother, father, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, friend, etc.) is supporting you in your studies in the United States, you do need to send us this letter. The letter, written by your sponsor, should say that he or she promises to fully support you financially in your studies at the American Language Program. You should keep the original sponsor's letter. You will take it to the U.S. Embassy or Consulate. Send us a photocopy of your sponsor's letter. Please note that the bank statement and sponsor's letter must be dated within the last two months. Please keep the originals of the bank statement and sponsor's letter. We cannot send the originals back to you. You must bring the original bank statement and sponsor's letter to the U.S. Embassy or Consulate along with your Letter of Acceptance, I-20A-B form and passport when you go to apply for your student visa. When we receive your: (1)photocopy of your passport name and date-of-birth page; (2) completed application form; (3) $100.00 application fee; (4) bank statement, and (5) sponsor's letter (if applicable), we will issue the I-20A-B form and Letter of Acceptance. Thank you and please feel free to contact us if you have any questions regarding the above procedures. American Language Program, Columbia UniversityMaintaining Visa StatusMAINTAINING VISA STATUS IS YOUR JOB You must take full personal responsibility for learning about and following the law. The ALP must tell the government if you withdraw from the program, stop coming to class, register for part-time instead of full-time study, or simply do not register at all. Being “out of status” is serious— you may be deported and it may be difficult to return to the United States in the future.Read the visa-related notices on the ALP bulletin boards.Talk with the ALP’s International Student Advisor whenever you have questions. The ALP office is open Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. to answer your questions. WHEN YOU ARRIVE IN THE U.S.Read the instructions on your I-20. Carefully read and follow the "Instructions to Students" section that you will find on the second page of your I-20. Use your ALP I-20 to enter the country. In order to study at the ALP, you must use your ALP-issued I-20 and not an I-20 issued by any other school.Show your I-20 and have it stamped by a DHS official when you arrive in the United States.WHEN YOU ARRIVE AT THE ALPReport to the ALP as soon as you arrive. After you arrive in this country, you have 30 days to register for classes, complete the Yellow Sevis Form and have your record entered into SEVIS. If more than 30 days have passed, the government will consider you out of status.Register in SEVIS at the ALP office. We must do this within the first 30 days you are here. Complete the Yellow Sevis Form when you register for classes at the ALPWHILE YOU ARE STUDYING AT THE ALPUpdate your SEVIS information at the beginning of each term. You must give us your new address every time you move.If you don’t give us the information to keep your SEVIS record up to date, you may be deported or may have problems getting another visa in the future. Keep all of your I-20s the whole time you are in the U.S.Study full-time with us. If you asked for an I-20 of three months or longer, we expect you to stay at the ALP for a minimum of three months before you transfer to another school.Keep your passport valid. Always make sure that your passport is valid for at least six months into the future. If your passport will expire in six months or less, contact your country's consulate in New York or its embassy in Washington, DC for helpDo not accept any off-campus jobs. The U.S. government considers working without proper authorization to be an extremely serious violation that may result in deportation. F-1 students are eligible to work on campus (but not off campus) for up to 20 hours per week (35 hours per week during vacation periods). However, it is extremely difficult for international students to find on-campus work at Columbia University.Extend your I-20 before it expires. If you want to continue at the ALP beyond the end date on your I-20, you must come into our office to ask for an extension several weeks before your current I-20 expires. All extensions require you to provide new financial documentation (a new bank statement—and a letter of sponsorship if necessary). IF YOU WANT TO LEAVE AND COME BACKAvoid trouble if you need to travel outside the U.S. during the time that you are a student here: 1) have your I-20 re-certified before you leave the country 2) carry your I-20 with you when you travel 3) carry your financial documents with you when you travel Except for short trips to Canada, Mexico, every time that you leave the U.S while you are a student here, your old I-94 form will be collected when you leave, and a new I-94 will be issued to you when you return.Avoid problems during vacation time. After you have studied full-time for a minimum of 6 months in a row, you have the option of taking a vacation (during which you may remain in the United States without studying) IF AND ONLY IF you will be returning to the ALP after your vacation and you must notify the ALP International Student Advisor that you will be on vacation so that your SEVIS records can be updated. Whenever you travel outside New York, you should be sure to have your passport and your original I-94 with you—as well as a re-certified I-20 if you plan to leave and re-enter the country.WHEN YOU FINISH YOUR STUDIES AT THE ALPLeave the U.S. within 60 days after your studies are completed. When you finish studying at the ALP, you have 60 days to leave the United States, to transfer to another school, or to change to another immigration status. If you stay in the U.S. longer than 60 days after you have finished studying, you will be considered out of status and may have problems returning to this country in the future.Leave the U.S. within 15 days if you withdraw from the program before the end of the course. You can withdraw during a course only if you are planning to return to your home country immediately. You must personally see a Coordinator to fill out the necessary papers. You must then leave the United States within 15 days. Once you have returned home, you must send the ALP proof (an original airline boarding pass) that you have left the country; only then will the withdrawal be processed and reported to SEVIS. If the University owes you money, you must apply directly to the Office of Student Financial Services in 210 Kent Hall after the withdrawal is processed. In all cases, the university charges a $75 fee for withdrawals.IMPORTANT TERMS YOU SHOULD KNOWSEVISThe Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) is an internet-based government system that keeps track of international students, scholars, and their dependents. SEVIS communicates with schools and universities, U.S. Embassies and Consulates, airports and other ports of entry into the U.S., the Immigration Service (USCIS), and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). I-20The I-20 (also called the certificate of visa eligibility or visa certificate) is created by schools and universities through SEVIS. Your I-20 and electronic updates in SEVIS are a permanent record of your activities as a student in the U.S. F-1 Visa The U.S. Embassy or Consulate abroad gives you your visa and stamps it into your passport. Visas are never issued or extended by schools or universities. After you are in the U.S., it does not matter if your visa expires; permission for you to be in the U.S. will remain current for the whole time written on your I-20, if you are attending classes on a full-time basis, and if you are registered in SEVIS each term. If your visa has not expired and then you leave the country, you may use it to return. If your visa expires while you are here and then you leave the country, you will need a new visa in order to return. You will need to apply again at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate for a new visa. I-94 Your I-94 is a small white paper that you get on the airplane (or at the border) when you travel to the United States. Your I-94 is your most important immigration document because, together with your valid I-20, it proves that you are in this country legally. It is stamped by a DHS official when you enter the country. The notation “D/S,” which you will see on your I-94, means “duration of status” and refers to the period during which you may remain in the U.S. on your current I-20. The I-94 is also a record of your arrivals and departures.SOME HELPFUL RESOURCESYou may visit the following websites if you wish to learn more about U.S. immigration regulations. These links may change at any time. Please contact the ALP if you have trouble finding these sites. • U.S. embassies/consulates abroad: http://travel.state.gov/visa/questions_embassy.html• Fees for visa services: http://travel.state.gov/visa/vofees.html• Visa denials: http://travel.state.gov/visa/frvi_denials.html• US-VISIT: http://www.dhs.gov/xtrvlsec/programs/content_multi_image_0006.shtm• Department of Homeland Security: http://www.dhs.gov/dhspublic/• The United States Citizen and Immigration Services: http://uscis.gov/• Immigration and Customs Enforcement: http://www.ice.gov/graphics/index.htmDear Prospective Student: Thank you for inquiring about the American Language Program. We are happy to send you the information you requested. Students must be at least 17 years of age in order to be admitted into the American Language Program. Applications are required of all full-time students. Please submit the enclosed application form and application fee (in the form of a check drawn on a U.S. bank, a traveler’s check, or a bank check in the amount of US$100) at least three months before the beginning of the semester. If you are currently living outside the U.S., you will need a student visa. You cannot study with a tourist (B1/B2) visa or on the visa waiver program. If you have another kind of visa, please contact us to find out if you will be able to study. To be eligible for a student visa you must enroll in a full-time (18 hours per week) course in English and provide us with financial documents (bank statement and sponsor letter) showing that you have sufficient funds to cover all tuition and living expenses for the duration of your stay in the United States. Please read the information on the reverse of this page entitled “I-20 Requirements” for further details. Please do not send transcripts or other documents relating to previous academic work. If you want to stay in University housing, you must apply at least two to three months before you plan to study. From September through April, the number of University rooms is quite limited; from May to August, the number of air-conditioned University rooms is limited. If you have not applied for a University room, plan to arrive at least two weeks early in order to find other housing in the city. We will send you more information on housing possibilities if you check the appropriate box on our application form. If you have any questions after reading the enclosed material, please feel free to contact us by e-mail at alp@columbia.edu or by writing to us. You can also find more information at our website www.ce.columbia.edu/alp/ . We are looking forward to your being with us, and we hope that your stay in the United States is an enjoyable one. Sincerely, David Quinn Chairman Mary Hatch Departmental Administrator

纽约州ATT准考证照片

2008-08-01T08:11:00.000-07:00

如果你费城那边认证通过,纽约州护士局认证也通过,在Pearson考试中心的网站上支付报名费200美金后,就会通过email收到这个ATT 也就是准考证.有了ATT纸上的那个号码,你就才可以正式再person考试中心定考试日期.注意一旦收到ATT,有效期是3个月, 有些考点要提早一个月报名.因为很多考点不单是为护士考试准备的,尤其城市里的考点很紧张,先预定一个之后,只要是在有效期你你自己可以改日期一次, 页面操作非常方便简单易懂！

纽约州报名先考儿童虐待

2008-08-01T08:06:00.000-07:00

纽约州儿童虐待讲义全部考题范围都在这里面考试费用(20美金) 一共可以考2次如果2次没过80％就要再付20美金再考考试方式：电脑在线复习考试所以要有internet 和打印机（打证书）看好在线做大概几十题答对80％就可以进入一个链接把pass的证书用打印机打出来在报名纽约州的时候和报名表一同寄出就可以了考试的网址我电脑里记录的网址好像已经改动过了知道的朋友请补个帖方面后面的考生应该是类似国内护士在职拿学分的那种网站
http://bbs.xinhushi.com/read-htm-tid-34304-fpage-9.html

如何理解RN考纲

2008-08-01T08:05:00.000-07:00

One of the steps in developing the NCLEX examinations is the preparation of test plans to guide the selection of content and behaviors to be tested. In these plans, provisions are made for examinations reflecting entry-level nursing practice as identified in an empirical analysis of activities of newly licensed nurses. The activities identified in these studies are analyzed in relation to the frequency of their performance, their impact on maintaining client safety, and the settings where they were performed. These analyses guide the development of a framework for entry-level nurse performance that incorporates specific client needs, concepts and processes fundamental to the practice of nursing.The NCLEX examination test plans derived from this framework provide a concise summary of the content and scope of the examination. The test plans also serve as a guide for both examination development and candidate preparation. Based on the test plans, each unique NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN examination reflects the knowledge, skills and abilities essential for the prospective registered and licensed practical/vocational nurse to meet the needs of clients requiring the promotion, maintenance and restoration of health. The NCLEX examination test plans describe beliefs about people and nursing that are integral to the examinations, the cognitive abilities that will be tested in the examination and the specific components of the NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN examinations.Use the links below to print a copy of the RN and PN Test Plans. 下面这个网址是护士总局的官方网址，网页上你可以打开pdf文件，逐个研究这些纲领性的文件，https://www.ncsbn.org/1287.htm给educator看的考纲test plan就是是指导题写题者如何按要求写题的！！！大家也可以研究一下，了解出题的人的思路是怎样的。

RN 239道练习题－附答案

2008-08-01T08:02:00.000-07:00

摘自http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=402459

“If you want to be better prepared for your NCLEX-RN® exam, check out the NCLEX-RN Practice Questions Exam Cram. More than 1250 practice test questions will help you cover every topic that you wil encounter on the real exam, including some "new format" interactive questions. You will improve your chances of a better score with the included answer explanations, so that you can focus on weaker areas. Along with the Cram Sheet tearcard, a CD is included that simulates a computer-based NCLEX-RN® exam that covers every question from the book. Written by the same authors as the NCLEX-RN Exam Cram, this book of practice questions is sure to help you score higher! ”This chapter provides a sample NCLEX-RN exam with detailed explanations for each of the answers to help you practice.

RN分目录－文化法律等

2008-08-01T08:00:00.000-07:00

unit 2 5 文化差异1）非裔美国人2）亚裔美国人3）欧洲裔美国人4）西班牙裔美国人5）本地美国人6）生命的延长7）饮食与死亡6 伦理与法律1）伦理学和价值2）护理实践的规则3）法律可靠性4）集体协商5）病人权利6）法律危险区7）合法维护8）需要做决定的法律文件9）死亡和死亡过程中10）报告义务（责任）7 领导与管理 1）健康护理传送系统2）正式组织3）护理传递系统4）职业责任5）权力6）授权7）改变过程8）工作委派与任务9）护理的优先性unit 38 水与电解质1）水电解质平衡的概念2）体液缺乏3）体液过多4）低钾5）高钾6）低钾血症7）高纳血症8）低血钙9）高血钙10）高镁11）低磷9 酸碱平衡1）氢离子酸和碱）2）血中氢离子浓度的（缓冲）调整系统3）呼酸4）呼碱5）代酸6）代碱7）动脉血气10 实验室价值1）电解质2）凝血检查3）血清胃肠道检查4）肾功能检查5）葡萄糖检查6）血清酶/心肌酶谱7）红细胞检查/红细胞沉降率8）重要元素9）甲状腺检查10）白细胞计数11 营养1）营养物2）食物指导金字塔3）治疗性饮食4）交换系统5）肠内营养12 完全胃肠外营养1）完全胃肠外营养2）静脉内留置点3）脂肪乳剂4）过滤5）并发症13 静脉营养疗法1）静脉营养疗法2）静脉内装置3）乳胶过敏4）外周静脉穿刺点的选择5）向静脉内加药6）静脉溶液给药7）静脉预防措施8）并发症9）中央静脉导管14 血制品的管理1）血液的组成2）血液捐献类型unit 4 基础护理15 提供安全的环境1）环境安全2）灾难3）医院内感染4）标准预防广泛预防5）基于传播的预防16 静脉溶液的给药1）给药2）药品衡量系统3）换算4）摄食和华氏温度5）药品标签6）药物医嘱7）口服药8）胃肠外营养9）粉状注射性药物10）正确计算剂量11）用百分比或百分率计算12）静脉内流率13）静脉内计算14）电子静脉输液调节器17 基础生命支持1）基础生命支持2）成人的基础生命支持3）成人一人基本生命支持4）成人二人基本生命支持5）儿童的区别6）窒息Heimlich手法7）怀孕和肥胖者18 围手术期护理1）手术前护理2）手术后护理3）肺炎和肺不张4）缺氧5）肺栓塞6）出血7）休克8）血栓性静脉炎9）尿潴留10）便秘11）麻痹性肠梗阻12）伤口感染13）伤口裂开14）伤口剜出术15）门诊手术19 安置病人的体位1）提供安全和舒适20 有导管病人的护理1）鼻胃管2）消化道的喂食管3）通过鼻胃管和喂食管喂药4）肠管5）食道管和胃管6）灌洗管7）尿道和肾脏导管8）呼吸系统导管9）胸腔引流系统unit 5 生长发育21生长发育的理论 1）心理社会发展和Erik Erikson2）认知发展与Jean Piaget3）道德发展与Lawrence kohlberg4）性心理发展与Sigmund Freud

美国药房药物(中英对照)

2008-08-01T07:59:00.000-07:00

这些是我整理的美国药房里常见的药物当时进去打工跟做间谍似的别人都在上班我在那里搜集药物说明书记笔记美国药房是盈利性的医生常开的药存的最多也是医院里医生常爱用的药既然这样就是护士临床很容易遇到的所以也就是RN考题里很容易考到的药物大家先混个脸熟吧每天记一个十个时间长了就都记住了！AACTOS(dioglitazone)降糖药AVAPRO(商)降压药AVODART(dutasteride)Soft Gelatin Capsules前列腺AVANDIA(rosiglitazone maleate)Tablets降糖药ATACAND(candesartan cilexetil)降压药 ---血管收缩素阻滞剂 AROMASIN (exemestane) 减少雌激素用于乳癌AMBIEN(zolpidem tartrate)睡眠镇静药AMITRIPTYLINE三环抗抑郁药Amoxicillin Capsules消炎阿莫西林Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Potassium 消炎阿莫西林Alprazolam 安定阿普唑仑 ALBUTEROL 保泰松松弛气管平滑肌ALTACE Capsules(ramipril)降血压雷米普利 ACE抑制剂 Allopurinol 用于痛风别嘌呤醇 ADOXA(DOXYCYCLINE TABLETS)强力霉素 ACYCLOVIR CAPSULES抗病毒药AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE 抗抑郁症药APAP解热镇痛药BBenazepril Hydrochloride & Hydrochlorothiazide利尿降压药BENZTROPINE MESYLATE 抗抑郁药BENICAR HCT(商)(OLMESARTAN MEDOXOMIL-HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE)血管收缩素受体拮抗剂降压药BENZONATATE CAPSULES (Soft Gelatin Capsules)镇咳药含局部麻醉剂成分BUSPIRONE HYDROCHLORIDE 抗焦虑药BISOPROLOL FUMARATE and HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE双克利尿降压药BUMETANIDE 利尿降压药CCefuroxime Axetil 头孢呋新(西力欣)Ciprofloxacin 环丙沙星(环丙氟哌酸)CADUET(amlodipine besylate atorvasatin calcium)降胆固醇药Carbamazepine 镇静抗惊厥药CAPTOPRIL TABLETSACE抑制剂降血压CARTIA XTBrand of diltiazem hydrochloride extended-release capsules 钙通道阻滞剂降压药CEPHALEXIN FOR ORAL SUSPENSION 头孢氨苄CEFADROXIL FOR ORAL SUSPENSION 头孢羟氨苄Cefuroxime Axetil 头孢呋新西力欣CIALIS(tadalafil)放松肌肉用于阳痿Ciprofloxacin 环丙氟哌酸环丙沙星CLONAZEPAM 苯二氮卓类镇静安定 CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 利尿降压药Colchicine 痛风COREG(carvedilol)B-受体阻滞剂心脏血管COUMADIN 抗凝药DDARVOCET-N(PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN TABLETS)镇静催眠药DESOXIMETASONE 25% CR抗炎抗过敏反应 Dextromethtorphan镇咳药DIAZEPAM 苯二氮卓类镇静催眠药Diclofenac Sodium非类固醇抗炎药DIOVAN HCT降压药Diatx(商)Zn 复合维生素DIFLUNISAL 非类固醇类抗炎药DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE 心脏药DIPHENOXYLATE HYDROCHLORIDE and ATROPINE SULFATE 抗腹泻DisperMox(商)(amoxicillin tablets for oral suspension)阿莫西林抗生素DOXEPIN HYDROCHLORIDE CAPSULES抗抑郁药DYNACIN( 商)(MINDCYCLINE HCI)四环素二甲胺抗生素EENALAPRIL MALEATE 双克利尿降压药ERYTHROMYCIN ETHYLSUCCINATE ANDSULFISOXAZOLE ACETYL红霉素抗生素ETHAMBUTOL HYDROCHLORIDE 乙胺丁醇抗生素抗结核药Etodolac Extended-Release Tablets非类固醇类抗炎药Exelon(商)(rivastigmine tartrate)用于早老性痴呆Alzheimer's diseaseEXTENDED PHENYTOIN SODIUM CAPSULES抗惊厥抗癫痫FFemara(商)(letrozole)用于乳癌FAMOTIDINE 法莫替丁组胺受体拮抗剂减少胃酸分泌FEXOFENADINE HYDROCHLORIDE 抗过敏药抗组胺药 FLECAINIDE ACETATE抗心率失常药FLUOXETINE CAPSULES 选择性胺脑?FORTAME(metformin hydrochloride) Extended-Release Tablets二甲双胍,降糖药FUROSEMIDE 作用于髓襻,利尿降压药GGemfibrozil 降胆固醇HHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE 双克利尿降压药HYDROCODONE BITARTRATE AND ACETAMNOPHEN (Ibuprofen布洛芬)镇痛药,退热,对乙酰胺基芬HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE SULFATE 止痛药HYDROXYZINE抗焦虑药HydrALAzine HYDROCHLORIDE 作用于动静脉的降压药HYOSCYAMINE-TR CAPSULES解痉肠道.膀胱肌肉HYZAAR (商)(LOSARTAN POTASSIUM-HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIE )降压药,血管收缩素阻滞剂IINSPRA(EPLERENONE) 降压药ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE 心脏药常用于心绞痛INDAPAMIDE 噻嗪类利尿降压药JKKENALOG 40 INJECTION(Triamcinol Acetonide injuctable suspension)抑制免疫反应 KEPPRA(levetiracetam)抗癫痫药LLanoxin(digoxin)心脏药Lamictal (lamotrigine)抗癫痫药Limisil(terbinafine hydrochloride)抗真菌Lipitor(商) (Atorvastatin Calcium)力比妥降胆固醇药LISINOPRIL ACE抑制剂降压药LOPERAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE用于腹泻胀气LIPRAM消化酶? 胃药LORAZEPAM 苯二氮卓类药安定镇静催眠LOVASTATIN 降低胆固醇药MMEGESTROL ACETATE 醋酸甲地孕酮(人造黄体酮) 用于晚期乳癌,子宫内膜癌,食欲减退Meptobamate 安定METAGLIP(glipizide and metformin HCI)控制血糖降糖药METHOCARBAMOL 肌松神经松骨药?Metolazone 噻嗪类利尿降压药Metoprolol tartrate 降压药MENEST(esterified estrogens)雌激素用于更年期,乳癌,前列腺癌Mirapex (pramipexole dihydrochloride)抗震颤麻痹药用于帕金森Mobic(商)Tablets非类固醇类抗炎药NNAPROXEN SOUDIUM 非类固醇类抗炎药NICARDIPINE HCI CAPSULES钙通道阻滞剂降压药NIZATIDINE CAPSULES抗组胺药减少胃酸分泌NOVOLIN penfil胰岛素诺和林OPPEDIALYTE SOL营养水PEXEVA Brand of PAROXETINE(as mesylate)抗抑郁,抗精神分裂PIROXICAM 非类固醇类抗炎药PLAVIX(clopidogrel bisulfate)抗凝通血药POTASSIUM CHLORIDE EXTENDED RELEASE TABLETS氯化钾PREDNISONE泼尼松抗炎PRINIVIL(商)(LISINOPRIL)ACEY抑制剂降压药PROBENECID 降尿酸用于痛风关节炎PROCHLORPERAZINE MALEATE 止吐镇静安定Promethazine Hydrochloride 抗过敏安定PROSCAR(FINASTERIDE) 前列腺PROPECIA(finasteride)前列腺PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE AND ACETAMINOPHEN 镇静催眠镇痛Propranolol hyochloride降压药PROPYLTHIOURACIL 丙基硫脲嘧啶甲状腺药QQUINAPRIL 血管紧张素转化酶ACE抑制剂降压药QUININE SULFATE 抗疟疾药RRANITIDINE 胃药雷尼替丁抑制胃酸分泌SSANDOZ(Anenolol)氨力农 B-受体阻滞剂心脏药Seroquel(quetiapine fumarate)安定SINGULAIR(MONTELUKAST SODIUM)防哮喘抗过敏STRATTERA(atomoxetine hydrochloride)用于注意力缺陷通脑?SUCRALFATE胃保护膜胃药SULFAMETHOXAZOLE AND TRIMETHOPRIM合成抗菌药合剂SUPRAX CEFIXIME FOR ORAL SUSPENSION头孢抗生素TTETRACYCLINE HYDROCHLORIDE CAPSULES 四环素抗生素TERBUTALINE SULFATE 支气管扩张药Torsemide Tablets作用于髓襻的利尿降压药TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE镇静催眠药TRIAMTERENE and HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE保钾利尿药双克 TRICOR降胆固醇药UURSODIOL CAPSULES降胆固醇药ULTRASE(商)MT一种联合酶,脂肪酶,蛋白酶,淀粉酶,助消化胃药VVALTREX(商) (valacylovir hydrochloride)抗病毒,抗疱疹Vantin(商) (Cefpodoxime proxetil)头孢泊肟酯VASOTEC(商) (Enalapril Maleate)双氢克脲噻利尿降压VERAPAMIL HYDROCHLORIDE异搏定冠状动脉扩张药VYTORIN(ezetimibe/simvastatin)胆固醇药WWarfarin Soudium 华法令,抗凝药WELLBUTRIN XL (商)(bupropion hydrochloride extended-release tablets)抗抑郁症XYZZYPREXA(商) Olanzapine ZYPREXA(商) ZYDIS(商)Olanzapine Orally Disintegrating TabletsZYPREXA(商) IntraMuscularOlanzapine for Injection安定

药房药物名和商品名

2008-08-01T07:58:00.000-07:00

A1 *********************************************************INSPRA (Eplerenone ) (20mg 50mg 60mg 80mg)Propranolol Hydrochloride 降压药POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 氯化钾 (8mEq/600mg)Micro-K 10 Extencaps 氯化钾 (750mg/10mEqK)Potassium Chloride Packets 氯化钾 (20mEq)K-PHOS◎ NEUTRALAmide◎ Multiret Folic500Clonazepam (0.5mg 1mg) PUREPAC公司(1mg 2mg)Isosorbide Mononitrate(10mg)ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE (5mg 10mg 20mg)CLONAZEPAM ( 2mg )A 2 ********************************************************HYOSCYAMINE SULFATE ( 0.375mg ) 公司:Amide ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE (40mg)Hyoscyamine Sulfate (0.375mg) 另一公司:(0.125mg 0.375mg) 1.Drally Disintegrating 2.SublingualLANOXIN◎(DIGOXIN) 125mcg(0.125mg)DIGITEK◎( 250mcg/0.25mg 0.125mg )LOPERAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ( 2mg )Keppra ◎Levetiracetam ( 500mg )A 3 ********************************************************LAMISIL ◎ ( terbinafine ) ( 250mg )LAMICTAL ( LAMOTRIGINE ) ( 25mg 100mg 200mg ) Lipitor◎ ( atorvastain calcium ) ( 10mg 20mg 40mg 80mg )KYTRIL ◎( granisetron HCL ) (1mg 公司:RocheLOPERAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ( 2mg )Lunesta ◎( eszopidone ) ( 1mg )LITHIUM carbonate ( 150mg 600mg ) 公司:ROXANELithium 300mgA 4 ********************************************************BACLOFEN ( 10mg ) 另公司:( 10mg )Mefloquine Hydrochloride ( 250mg )Levothroid◎ ( 25mg 50mg 75mg )Lescol◎XL(fluvastatin sodium)(20mg 40mg 80mg)公司:AmideCHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE and CLIDINIUM BROMIDE (5mg/2.5mg)FUROSEMIDE ( 20mg 40mg )Lotrel ◎2.5/10 (amlodipine besylate)=equivalent to amlodipine 2.5mgBenazepril HCL 10mgLotrel◎ 5/20 , 5/10, 10/20 (常用)LEVIRA ◎20mgDIPHENOXYLATE HCL and ATROPINE 2.5mgLonamin◎ (phentermine resin)Gemfibrozil 600mg 另公司A 5 ********************************************************Lotensin ◎(10mg 20mg)Lotensin HCT (10/12.5 , 20/12.5)LOXAPINE (5mg)Benazepril Hydrochloride (10mg)Benazepril HCL and Hydrochlorothiazide 公司:SANPOZ(10mg/12.5mg , 20mg/12.5mg)Metoprolol Tartrate (25mg 50mg 100mg )Lexapro (escitalopran oxalate) (5mg 10mg 20mg)Lyrica ◎(25mg 50mg 75mg 100mg) Indapamide ( 2.5mg )INDAPAMIDE (1.25mg) 公司PAREtodolac 400mg 公司:1.APOTEX 公司2.TEUNMethergine (methylergonovine maleate 0.2mg)A 6 ********************************************************Metaglip (glipizide &metformin HCL)(2.5/500mg ,5mg/500mg)LOVASTATIN 10mg 另公司:Andrx (20mg 40mg)Mobic◎(meloxicam) (7.5mg)Micardis◎ HCT ( telmisartan hydrochlorothiazide)(40mg/12.5 )Triamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide ( 37.5mg/25mg )公司:WATSONMirapex ◎ ( pramipexole dihydrochloride )( 0.125mg,0.25mg,1mg )Hephyton ◎ ( 5mg )Maxalt ◎ ( 5mg )MALARONE◎ (atovaquone and proguanil HCL) ( 250mg )Ethambutol Hydrochloride ( 100mg 400mg )Meprobamate 400mg 公司:WATSON ( 200mg )METHOTREXATE 2.5mgMENEST ◎(ESTERIFIED ESTROGENS) 0.625mg(Amiloride Hydrochloride and Hydrochlorothiazide )(5mg/50mg)MEGESTROL ACETATE ( 20mg 40mg 80mg ) 公司:PARMicardis ◎(80mg)A 7 ********************************************************IBU ◎( Ibuprofen ) ( 400mg 800mg )GLYBURIDE ( 2.5mg )Mestinon◎ ( 60mg )Glyburide ( 5mg )FOSINOPRIL SODIUM ( 10mg)Mycobutin ◎(rifabutin) 150mg GLYBURIDE ( micronized ) ( 6mg )另公司:( 5mg ) 公司:TEUN ( 5mg )FOSINOPRIL SODIUM ( 10mg 20mg 40mg ) 公司:RANBAXYFOSINOPRIL SODIUM-HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE20mg/12.5mgCLOTRIMAZOLE TROCHE(Clotrimazole Lozenges) (10mg)公司:Roxane 另公司:Paddock (10mg) Medrol ◎ 16mg Mycelex◎ Troche (clotrimazole) (10mg) 公司:alzamethylprednisolone (4mg) 公司:GREENSTONEPLIVA ◎(375mg 500mg)Enteric Coated Naproxen 500mgNAPROXEN (250mg) 公司:GenevaMucinex◎ DM(guaifenesin and 300mg dextromethorphan HBr extended –release bi-layer) ( 600mg )Norvasc ◎( 5mg 10mg ) 公司:pfizerNIASPAN ◎ niacin ( 500mg 750mg 1000mg )NEPHROCAPSNEPHPLEX◎B1 *********************************************************Oxaprozin (600mg )Darvocet-N(porpoxyphene napsylate and aceaminophen)Qualitest◎ (PROPOXYPHENE NAPSYLATE and ACETAMINOPHEN)100/650mg另公司:IVAXDEXAMETHASONE 4mg 公司:ROXANEPLIVA◎ Torsemide (10mg 50mg 100mg 150mg)DOSTINEX◎ (cabergoline 0.5mg)DAPSONE 25mgSALSALATE 750mgAlphagen D-AMINE-8RB2 *********************************************************DEPAKOTE◎ ER (DIVALPROEX SODIUM) (125mg 250mg 500mg )ChlorproPAMIDE 100mgAmaryl◎ glimepiride 4mgEXTENDED PHENYTOIN SODIUM 100mgDilantin◎ 100mgDetrol◎ LA (tolterodine tartrate) 2mg 4mgB3*********************************************************OXYBUTYNIN CHLORIDE 5mgDITROPAN◎ XL(Dxybutynin chloride)(5mg 10mg 15mg)Diovan HCT◎(vaisartan and hydrochlorothianzide)160mg/25mg 160mg/12.5mg 80mg/12.5mgDiovan◎ 40mg 80mg 160mg 320mg BELLADONNA ALKALOIDS with PHENOBARBITALB4*********************************************************Duet ◎DHA(prenaal vitamins) 公司:Stuart NatalDuet ◎DIFLUNISAL 500mg 公司:TEVNTriamterene and Hydrochlorothiazide 37.5mg/25mg 公司:SANDOZ另公司:IVAXAcetazolamide 250mgDiatx◎ ZnEffexor◎ XR (Benlafaxine HCL) (37.5mg 75mg 100mg )Enablex◎ 7.5mg NOVARTISExelon◎ 1.5mg 3mg 4.5mg(rivastigmine tartrate)B5*********************************************************ENTAB-DM(guaifenesin and dextromethorphan HBr)AMITRIPTYLINE HCL 10mg 公司:Qualitest(50mg 75mg 100mg) 另公司:MYLAN 100mgIDTEX PSE 公司:IoPharm(Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride 120mg,Guaifenesin 600mg)GUAIFENESIN 600mg with PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HCL 60mgFORTAMET(metformin HCL) 1000mgEVOXAC◎ (cevimeline HCL) 30mgEPIVIR◎ 150mg 300mgEstradiol 1mg 另公司:2mgEpirir-HBV (lamivudine) 100mgPIROXIAM 20mg 公司:TEVN 另公司:10mgB6*********************************************************EVISTA◎(Raloxifene HCL) 60mgFAMVIR◎(famcidovir) 250mg 500mgFioricet◎ with Codeine(butalbital 50mg,acetaminophen 325mg,caffeine 40mg,and codeine phosphate 30mg)另公司:WATSON PHARMAButalbital,Aspirin,and Caffeine(50mg-325mg-40mg) 公司:WATSON另公司:BAC TMFolicAcid2.2mg,B6(pyridoxine Hcl)25mg,B12(Cyanocobalamin)500mg公司:allan pharmaceuticalFolplex2.2 同上Cyclobenzaprine HCL (5mg 10mg) B7*********************************************************Geodon(80mg,40mg)Folic Acid (1mg)Flomax 0.4mgFOSAMAX 70mgFOSAMAX PLUS D 2800IU/10mgGlucotrol 5mgGlucotrol XL (5mg 10mg)Glipizide (5mg 10mg)Glipizide XL 2.5mg 5mg 10mgglucovance◎Glyburide and Metformin HCL 2.5mg/500mgglucovance◎ XR 500mgGLYBURIDE AND METFORMIN HCL 1.25mg/250mgMETFORMIN HCL 500mgGlyburide (micronized) and Metformin HCL1.25mg/250mg 2.5mg/500mg 5mg/500mgGLUCOPHAGE◎ 500mgB8*********************************************************MINITRAN(nitroglycerin) 0.1mg 0.2mg 0.4mg NITROGLYCERIN 0.4mgNitrolingual◎ PumpsprayNataFort◎:Prenatal multivitaminNITRO-TIME 2.5mgNexium(esomeprazole magnesium) 40mgGabapentin 100mgGABAPENTIN 300mg 400mg 600mgNeurontin 100mg 300mg 400mgNALFON 200mgRENAPHRONEPHPLEXTAMOXIFEN CITRATE 10mg 20mg 另公司LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE 200mgLabetalol Hydrochloride 200mg 300mg 另公司300mgHYDROCODONE BITARTRATE and ACETAMINOPHEN 325mg PLIVA◎Ketoconazole 200mgNiferex◎-150 另公司:Polysaccharide-Iron 另公司:Breckenridge PharmaceaticalC1 *********************************************************QUINAPRIL 10mg 20mg公司:PAR另公司:40mgAccupril ◎(Quinapril HCL) 20mgAccolate ◎(zafirlukast)Actos ◎(pioglitazone)15mg 30mg 45mg Actoplus met (pioglitazone HCL) 15mg and metformin HCL 500mgActonel 15mg (risedronate sodium)URSODIOL 300mg 公司:AmideAfeditab◎ CR (NIFEdipine) 30mg 公司:WATSONACEDN◎ 8mg (Perindopril erbumine)C2 *********************************************************AcipHex ◎8mg 20mg 公司:EisaiInc.Amaryl ◎(glimepiride) 2mg 4mg 公司: AventisGLIMEPIRIDE 2mg 4mg 公司:RANBAXY另公司:4mg DR.REDDY’S另公司:4mg PRASCO另公司:2mg SANPOZMethyIDOPA 250mg 公司:IVAXAdvicor◎(NIACIN/LOVASTATIN 500mg/200mg)Aggrenox ◎(aspirin/extended release dipyridamole)25mg/200mg公司:Boehringer IngelheimGREENSTONE (Spironolactone) 100mgFexofenadine Hydrochloride 公司:PRASCOAllegra (fexofenadine hydrochloride) 30mg 60mg 180mgAllegra-D 12Hour (fexofenadine hydrochloride HCL 60mgand pseudoephedrine HCL 120mg) 公司:AventisFEXOFENADINE HYDROCHLORIDE 60mg 公司:TEVNSOTRET◎ 20mg 40mg (Isotretinoin)ALTACE(ramipril) 1.25mg 另公司:2.5mg 5mg 10mgC3 *********************************************************ClomiPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 25mg 公司:TEVNAMBIEN CR 12.5mg 6.25mg 5mg(板)PLIVA(HydrOXYzine HCL) 10mgClomi PRAMINE Hydrochloride 25mg 50mg TEVN:50mg 另;75mgHydrALAzine Hydrochloride 10mg 25mg 公司:PAR另:PLIVA 50mgMeclizine Hydrochloride 12.5mg 25mg公司:PARNaproxen Sodium 550mgARICEPT (donepezil HCL) 10mg 公司:PfizerTrihexyphenidyl hydrochloride 2mgArimidex◎ 1mgTRIHEXYPHENIDYL HYDROCHLORIDE 5mg 公司:QualitestLEFLUNOMIDE 20mg 公司:PAR 另:PRASCD(50mg diclofenac sodium/200mcg misopro stol) 75mg/200mgArava (Leflunomide) 10mg 20mgAtacand HCT 16mg-12.5mg 32mg-12.5mgAtacand:32mg 8mgHydroxyzine HCL 50mg 公司:Qualitest另:PLIVA:25mg 50mg Lorazepam 0.5mg 1mg 2mgAvapro (irbesartan) 25mg 150mgAvalide(irbesartan hydrochlorothiazide) 150/12.5mg 300/12.5mg 300/25mgAROMASIN (exemestane) 25mgC5 *********************************************************Avandamet 2mg/1000mgAvandaryl (rosigliazone maleate4mg ,Glimepiride 2mg) 4mg/1mgAVANDIA 2mg 4mg 8mgAXID 150mgSulfasalazine 500mgBaraclude 0.5mg 1mgNIZATIDINE 300mg 另:150mg AVODART 0.5mg Asacol 400mgBanicar HCT 20mg/12.5mg 40mg/12.5mgBanicar 5mg 20mgDicyclomine Hydrochloride 10mg 20mgTERBUTALINE 2.5mgSOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE 120mgPROBENECID 500mgBoniva (ibandronate sodium) 150mgC6 *********************************************************VITACON FORTEClomiPHENE CITRATE 50mgCODEINE PHOSPHAE and GUAIFENESIN 10mg/300mgBumetanide 1mgBumetanide HCL 5mg 10mg 15mgVERAPAMIL HCL 120mg 240mgBuspirone 10mg Carbatrol 500mgCaptopril 25mgDiphenhydramine HCL 50mgCarbarol 300mgColchicine 0.6mgCLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE 0.1mgDoxazosin Mesylate 1mg 2mg 4mg 8mgC7 *********************************************************Sucralfate 1gCaptopril 50mg 100mg 12.5mgCardizemCD(diltiazem Hcl)80mg 120mg 240mg 300mg 360mgDILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE(30mg 60mg 120mg 180mg 240mg 300mg)Cartia XT 120mg 180mg 300mgNICARdipine HCL 20mgCaduet (Camlodipine besylae/atorvasatin calcium) 2.5/10mg 10mg/10mg 10mg/20mgC8 *********************************************************Citalopram HBr 10mgCelexa 10mg 20mgCitalopram Hydrobromide 10mg 20mg 另:40mgCellcept◎ 500mgCelebrex 100mg 200mgFeoGen◎ ForteFerrochelCHROMAGEN ◎FORTECLARINEX ◎5mgCLARINEX-D 12hour / 24hourCOREG 3.125mg 6.25mg 12.5mg 25mgProchlorperazine Maleate 5mg 10mgBenztropine Mesylate 0.5mg 1mgCarbatrol 300mgNADOLOL 20mg 40mgSULINDA 150mg 200mgClozapine 100mgC9********************************************************Warfarin 1mg 2mg 2.5mg 3mg 4mg 5mg 6mg 7.5mg 10mgCOUMADIN 1mg 2.5mg 3mg 4mg 5mg 7.5mgCRESTOR 5mg 10mg 20mgCialis 20mgE1********************************************************BROMETANE-DX COUGH SYRUPRLOMET 500mg/5mlDEXAMETHASONEIntensol oral solution(concentrate)HYDROCODONE AND HOMATROPINEVI-Q-TUSS EXPECTORANTISONIAZID ORAL SOLUTION 5mg/5mlHyoscyamine sulfate Oral SolutionFUROSEMIDE ORAL SOUTION 10mg/mlLIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE ORAL TOPICAL SOLUTIONE3********************************************************PROMETH WITH DEXTROMETHORPHANPROMETH VC PLAINPROMETHAZINE HYDROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDEPROMETH WITH CODEINEPROMETH vc WITH CODEINEE4********************************************************R-Tanna Pediatric Suspension HYCOTUSS◎(AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE SYRUP)50mg/5mlCHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONAE 0.12%SULFAMETHOXAZOLE AND TRIMETHOPRIMGOODSENSE◎ Allergy congestion ReliefALBUTEROL SULFATE SYRUP 2mg/5mlE5********************************************************IOPHEN DM-NR LIQUIDCHERATUSSIN AC EXPECTORANT COUGH SUPPRESSANTTannate 12D S SuspensionMGP GUAIFENESIN AC LIQUIDSULFATRIM◎ PEDIATRIC SUSPENSIONLoratadine SyrupACETAMINOPHEN AND CODEINE PHOSPHATEZyrtec◎ (cetirizine HCL) SYRUPTussionex ◎PRILOSECE6********************************************************ACYCLOVIR ORAL SUSPENSION 200mg/5mlZantac◎ SYNTHROID (0.025mg 0.05mg 0.075mg 0.112mg 0.088mg 0.1mg 0.125mg 0.15mg)Repliva 21/7LEVOXYL 75mcg 100mcg 112mcg 50mcg 125mcg 137mcg E7********************************************************SeroQUEL(quetiapine fumarate) 100mg 50mg 200mg 300mgStrattera 40mgATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONE 50mg/25mgATENOLOL 25mg/50mgTENORMIN 50mgSingulair 4mg 10mgE8********************************************************Sular 20mg 10mg 30mgBenzonatate 100mg 200mgTegretol 200mgSTARLIX 120mg 60mgCarbamazepine 200mgTegretol XR 200mgTheo-24 200mgMETHIMAZOLE 10mgTAPAZOLE 5mgCIMETIDINE 300mgTARKA(TRANDOLAPRIL/VERAPAMIL Hcl ER) 2mg/180mgTAZTIA XT 180mg TIAZAC 180mgTindamax 500mg 250mgKetorolac Tromethamine 10mgPERPHENAZINE and AMITRIPTYLINE HCL 4mg/25mg 2mg/10mgIMIPRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE 10mg 25mgFLECAINIDE ACETATE 50mgTHEOPHYLLINE 200mgTheophyline 300mg 100mgTeveten 400mgLidoderm

RN分目录－药物

2008-08-01T07:57:00.001-07:00

48 外皮系统给药1）润滑剂和洗液2）摩擦剂和涂剂3）抗感染药剂4）抗骚痒药5）角质层分离药6）兴奋剂和刺激剂7）保护剂8）生长因素9）酶10）皮质类固醇11）痤疮12）长春藤中毒13）烧伤产品50 抗肿瘤药1）整体考虑2）烷基化药3）抗肿瘤抗生素4）抗代谢药5）长春新碱52 内分泌系统给药1）垂体药物2）抗利尿激素3）甲状腺激素4）抗甲状腺药物5）甲状旁腺药物6）促肾上腺皮质激素7）皮质类固醇8）雄激素9）雌激素和孕激素10）口服避孕药11）生育药物12）阴茎勃起障碍药物13）糖尿病药54 胃肠道给药1）抗酸药/粘膜保护剂2）H2受体拮抗剂3）质子泵抑制剂4）胃肠兴奋药/激动剂5）胆汁酸鳌合剂6）胆石症药物7）治肝性脑病的药物8）胰酶替代剂9）止吐剂10）轻泻剂（缓泻剂）56 呼吸系统给药1）支气管扩张剂2）糖皮质激素（皮质类固醇）3）吸入或肺类固醇抗过敏药4）白三稀素拮抗剂5）抗组胺药6）鼻充血减轻剂7）去痰剂/粘液溶解剂8）镇咳剂9）麻醉拮抗剂10）吸入喷雾的使用11）抗结核药12）一线抗结核药13）二线抗结核药58 循环系统给药1）抗凝药物2）溶栓药物3）抗血小板药4）正性肌力/强心药5）强心苷6）抗高血压药7）作用于外周a肾上腺素能阻滞剂8）作用于中枢交感神经抑制剂9）血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂10）抗心绞痛11）B－肾上腺素能阻滞剂12）钙通道阻滞剂13）外周血管舒张剂14）直接作用的动脉血管舒张剂15）抗心率失常药16）肾上腺素能促效药17）降血脂药60 泌尿系统给药1）尿道杀菌剂2）磺胺类药3）甲氧苄啶4）复方新诺明5）胆碱能药6）解痉药7）尿路麻醉药8）造血生成因子9）避免器官排异62 眼药和耳药1）眼药的给予2）扩瞳药/睫状肌麻痹药3）抗感染眼药4）抗炎眼药5）眼的表面麻醉剂6）眼的润滑剂7）缩瞳药8）毛果芸香碱9）B肾上腺素能阻滞剂10）碳酸酐酶抑制剂11）渗透性药物12）耳药的给予13）抗感染耳药14）抗组胺药和减轻充血剂15）局麻药16）溶耵聍药64 神经系统疾病1）抗重症肌无力药2）抗帕金森药3）抗惊厥药4）中枢NS刺激药5）非麻醉性止痛剂6）麻醉性止痛剂7）麻醉性镇静剂8）渗透性利尿剂66 肌肉骨骼系统药物1）骨骼肌放松剂2）抗痛风药3）抗关节炎药68 免疫系统药物1）HIV病毒和艾滋病2）系统性红斑狼疮31 产妇与新生儿给药1）催产药：催产素2）麦角新碱3）子宫松弛药4）前列腺素5）硫酸镁6）杜冷丁（哌替啶）7）Rho（0）免疫球蛋白（RDID）8）倍他米松（合成糖皮纸激素）9）肺表面活性物质10）新生儿眼睛的预防给药46 儿科给药和计算1）口服药2）完全胃肠外给药3）根据体重计算药量4）计算体表面积74 精神科药物1）危机干预2）选择性5羟色胺再摄取抑制剂3）三环类抗忧郁药4）抗躁狂药5）抗焦虑药6）失眠和焦虑的药物7）抗精神病药8）神经阻滞剂恶性综合症9）注意力缺陷综合征10）治疗阿尔兹海莫药

RN分目录:精神科老年科

2008-08-01T07:55:00.002-07:00

精神科和老年科69 精神科护理1）精神健康2）心理精神卫生疾病3）应对和防御技巧4）互换关系5）治疗性交流过程6）精神疾病的诊断和统计手册7）精神疾病出入院类型70 护理模式1）环境疗法2）心理疗法3）认知疗法4）小组和小组治疗71 精神科疾病1）焦虑2）广泛性焦虑疾病3）创伤后压力综合征4）强迫性恐怖症5）强迫型人格6）躯体形式障碍（心因性）7）分裂性障碍8）双极人格障碍9）精神分裂症10）偏执型精神障碍11）人格障碍12）电休克13）认知障碍疾病14）性心理改变72 成瘾1）饮食疾病2）精神物质滥用疾病3）酒精滥用4）酒精戒断5）置换剂6）大麻中毒7）阿片8）中枢神经系统抑制剂9）中枢神经系统刺激剂10）实施：戒断73 危机理论和干预1）危机干预2）忧伤3）忧郁4）自杀行为5）虐待行为6）家庭暴力7）儿童虐待8）老人虐待9）强暴与攻击性行为74 精神科药物1）危机干预2）选择性5羟色胺再摄取抑制剂3）三环类抗忧郁药4）抗躁狂药5）抗焦虑药6）用于失眠和焦虑的药物7）抗精神病药8）神经阻滞剂恶性综合症9）注意力缺陷综合征10）治疗阿尔兹海莫综合征的药物unit 20 老年病人75 老年病人的护理1）衰老的生理改变2）衰老的心理社会方面3）老人虐待与（照顾）疏忽4）约束的使用5）药物6）痴呆7）忧郁8）疼痛9）压力削弱10）皮肤完整性改变11）行动受影响12）髋关节骨折13）肺炎14）营养摄入15）便秘16）腹泻17）尿湿禁

RN分目录－儿科

2008-08-01T07:55:00.001-07:00

unit 7 儿科护理32 生长发育1）入院的婴儿、幼儿2）入院的学龄前儿童3）入院的学龄儿童4）入院的青少年5）交流方法6）生长发育特征33 神经，认知和心理社会疾病1）头部损伤2）脑积水3）脊柱裂4）雷氏综合征5）脑膜炎6）癫痫抽搐7）脑瘫8）神经发育迟滞9）自闭症10）注意力缺陷综合征11）妥瑞症12）儿童虐待34 眼，耳，喉疾病1）斜视2）结膜炎3）中耳炎4）扁桃体切除术核增殖体切除术35 呼吸系统疾病1）会厌炎2）喉气管支气管炎3）支气管炎4）细支气管炎呼吸道合胞病毒5）肺炎6）肺结核7）哮喘8）囊性纤维病9）婴儿猝死综合征36 循环系统疾病1）充血性心力衰竭2）增加的肺血流量伴缺陷3）阻塞性缺陷4）肺血流量减少伴缺陷5）混合型缺陷6）植入：心血管缺陷7）心脏外科手术8）风湿热9）川崎病37 消化系统疾病1）呕吐2）腹泻3）唇裂合腭裂4）食管闭锁合气管食管瘘5）胃食道逆流6）肥厚性幽门狭窄7）乳糖不耐受8）乳糜泻（麸质敏感性肠病）9）阑尾炎10）巨结肠11）肠套叠12）腹壁缺陷13）脐疝、腹股沟疝或鞘膜积液14）便秘/大便失禁15）肠激综合症16）肛门闭锁17）肝炎18）食物摄食中毒38 新陈代谢和内分泌系统疾病1）发热2）脱水3）苯丙酮尿症4）I型糖尿病39 泌尿系统疾病1）肾小球肾炎2）肾病综合征3）遗尿症4）隐睾症5）尿道下裂/尿道上裂6）膀胱外翻40 外皮疾病1）湿疹2）脓庖病3）虱病4）疥疮5）烧伤41 肌肉骨骼疾病1）髋关节脱位2）先天性畸形足3）脊柱侧突4）幼年型类风湿性关节炎5）骨折42 获得性免疫缺陷疾病1）艾滋病2）艾滋病或HIV携带患儿的护理43 血液系统疾病1）镰状红细胞性贫血2）缺铁性贫血3）再生障碍性贫血4）血友病5）B地中海贫血44 肿瘤癌症疾病1）白血病2）何杰金氏病3）肾母细胞瘤4）神经母细胞瘤5）成骨性肉瘤6）脑肿瘤45 感染和传染性疾病1）麻疹2）玫瑰疹3）风疹（德国麻疹）4）流行性腮腺炎5）水痘6）百日咳7）白喉8）脊髓灰质炎9）猩红热10）感染性红斑（5号病）儿科给药－见药物总结

RN考纲分目录:内外科

2008-08-01T07:49:00.000-07:00

unit 8 成人内外47 外皮系统1）解剖生理2）危险因素3）心理社会完整性4）诊断试验5）皮肤疾病6）烧伤7）烧伤类型8）吸入性损伤9）烧伤病理生理10）烧伤的管理护理 48 外皮系统药1）润滑剂和洗液2）摩擦剂和涂剂3）抗感染药剂4）抗骚痒药5）角质层分离药6）兴奋剂和刺激剂7）保护剂8）生长因素9）酶10）皮纸类固醇11）痤疮12）长春藤中毒13）烧伤产品unit 949 肿瘤癌症疾病1）癌症2）乳房自查3）睾丸4）诊断试验5）疼痛控制6）手术7）化疗8）放疗9）骨髓移植10）皮肤癌11）白血病12）何杰金氏病13）多发性骨髓瘤14）睾丸癌15）子宫颈癌16）卵巢癌17）子宫内膜癌18）乳癌19）胃癌20）肠癌21）肺癌22）喉癌23）前列腺癌24）膀胱癌25）肿瘤急症50 抗肿瘤药1）整体考虑2）烷基化药3）抗肿瘤抗生素4）抗代谢药5）长春新碱unit 1051 内分泌疾病1）解剖生理2）诊断试验3）垂体的疾病4）肾上腺的疾病5）甲状腺的疾病6）甲状旁腺疾病7）胰腺疾病8）糖尿病的急性并发症9）慢性并发症10）糖尿病的手术护理52 内分泌系统给药1）垂体药物2）抗利尿激素3）甲状腺激素4）抗甲状腺药物5）甲状旁腺药物6）促肾上腺皮质激素7）皮质类固醇8）雄激素9）雌激素和孕激素10）口服避孕药11）生育药物12）阴茎勃起障碍药物13）糖尿病药unit 1153 胃肠系统1）解剖生理2）诊断程序3）评估4）胃肠管5）胃食道逆流6）膈疝7）胃炎8）消化性溃疡9）VitB12缺乏10）胃癌11）食道V曲张12）溃疡性结肠炎13）克隆氏病（局限性结肠炎）14）肠肿瘤和肠梗阻15）肠憩室病和憩室炎16）痔疮17）阑尾18）肝硬化19）胆囊炎20）胰腺炎21）肝炎22）甲肝23）乙肝24）丙肝25）丁肝26）戊肝27）己肝28）患者及家属的家庭指导54 胃肠道给药1）抗酸药和粘膜保护剂2）H2受体拮抗剂3）质子泵抑制剂4）胃肠兴奋药（激动剂）5）胆汁酸鳌合剂6）胆石症药物7）治疗肝性脑病的药物8）胰酶替代剂9）止吐剂10）轻泻剂unit 1255 呼吸系统1）解剖生理2）诊断试验3）治疗4）吸氧5）机械通气6）胸部损伤7）呼吸衰竭8）成人呼吸窘迫综合征9）慢性阻塞性肺疾病10）肺炎11）胸腔积液12）脓胸13）胸膜炎14）肺栓塞15）肺癌和喉癌16）CO中毒17）组织胞浆菌病18）结节病19）矽肺20）肺结核56 呼吸系统给药1）支气管扩张剂2）糖皮质激素（皮质类固醇）3）吸入或肺类固醇抗过敏药4）白三稀素拮抗剂5）抗组胺药6）鼻充血减轻剂7）去痰剂和粘液溶解剂8）镇咳剂9）麻醉拮抗剂10）吸入喷雾的使用11）抗结核药12）一线抗结核13）二线抗结核unit 1357 循环系统1）解剖生理2）诊断测试程序3）治疗管理4）心律失常5）心律失常处理6）起搏器7）冠状动脉疾病8）心绞痛9）心肌梗塞10）心力衰竭11）心源性休克12）心脏炎性疾病（感染性）13）心包填塞14）心脏瓣膜疾病15）心肌病16）脉管（血管）疾病17）动脉疾病18）动脉瘤19）动脉栓子取出术20）腔静脉滤器和下腔静脉结扎21）高血压22）高血压危象58 循环系统给药1）抗凝药物2）溶栓药物3）抗血小板药4）正性肌力/强心药5）强心苷6）抗高血压药7）作用于外周a肾上腺素能阻滞剂8）作用于中枢交感神经抑制剂9）血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂10）抗心绞痛11）B－肾上腺素能阻滞剂12）钙通道阻滞剂13）外周血管舒张剂14）直接作用的动脉血管舒张剂15）抗心率失常药16）肾上腺素能促效药17）降血脂药unit 1459 泌尿系统1）解剖生理2）诊断测试3）肾衰4）血液透析5）血液透析并发症6）血透的连接7）腹膜透析8）腹透的连接入口9）腹透的并发症10）尿毒症11）膀胱炎12）尿脓血症13）尿道炎14）肾盂肾炎15）肾小球肾炎16）肾病综合征17）肾积水18）生殖泌尿系统的结核病19）多囊肾疾病20）尿路结石和肾结石21）肾结石的外科治疗22）肾脏肿瘤23）膀胱损伤24）附睾炎25）前列腺炎26）良性前列腺肥大或增生27）肾移植60 泌尿系统给药1）尿道杀菌剂2）磺胺类药3）甲氧苄啶4）复方新诺明5）胆碱能药6）解痉药7）尿路麻醉药8）造血生成因子9）避免器官排异unit 1561 眼和耳1）眼的解剖和生理2）视野的评估3）眼的诊断试验4）眼的疾病5）耳的解剖和生理6）耳的评估7）耳的诊断试验8）耳的疾病62 眼药和耳药1）眼药的给予2）扩瞳药/睫状肌麻痹药3）抗感染眼药4）抗炎眼药5）眼的表面麻醉剂6）眼的润滑剂7）缩瞳药8）毛果芸香碱9）B－肾上腺素能阻滞剂10）碳酸酐酶抑制剂11）渗透性药物12）耳药的给予13）抗感染耳药14）抗组胺药和减轻充血剂15）局麻药16）溶耵聍药unit 1663 神经系统1）脑脊髓的解剖生理2）诊断测试3）神经的评估4）意识不清的病人5）颅内压增高6）体温过高7）头部损伤8）脊髓受伤9）大脑动脉瘤10）癫痫11）脑血管意外12）多发性硬化症13）重症肌无力14）帕金森病15）三叉神经痛16）贝尔氏面瘫17）格林－巴利综合征18）肌萎缩侧索硬化症19）脑炎20）脑膜炎64 神经系统疾病1）抗重症肌无力药2）抗帕金森药3）抗惊厥药4）中枢神经系统刺激药5）非麻醉性止痛剂6）麻醉性止痛剂7）麻醉性镇静剂8）渗透性利尿剂unit 1765 肌肉骨骼系统1）解剖生理2）危险因素3）诊断测试4）外伤5）骨折6）骨折的并发症7）使用拐杖行走8）手杖和助步器9）髋关节骨折10）全膝关节置换11）椎间盘突出12）下肢的行走13）风湿性关节炎14）骨关节（退化性关节病）15）骨质疏松66 肌肉骨骼系统药物1）骨骼肌放松剂2）抗痛风药3）抗关节炎药unit 1867 免疫系统1）免疫系统功能2）免疫反应3）免疫力4）免疫接种5）实验室检查6）免疫缺陷7）超敏与过敏8）过敏反应9）乳胶过敏10）自体免疫疾病68 免疫系统药物1）HIV病毒和艾滋病2）系统性红斑狼疮